量子计算与量子信息第二章目录（主要是基础数学概念，也比较重要）nielsen书

Table of Contents

1. Linear algebra
2. The postulates of quantum mechanics
3. Application: superdense coding
4. The density operator
5. The Schmidt decomposition and purifications
6. EPR and the Bell inequality

Linear algebra

1. Bases and linear independence
2. Linear operators and matrices
3. The Pauli matrices
4. Inner products
5. Eigenvectors and eigenvalues
6. Adjoints and Hermitian operators
7. Tensor products
8. Operator functions
9. The commutator and anti-commutator
10. The polar and singular value decompositions

The postulates of quantum mechanics

1. State space
2. Evolution
3. Quantum measurement
4. Distinguishing quantum states
5. Projective measurements
6. POVM measurements
7. Phase
8. Composite systems
9. Quantum mechanics: a global view

Application: superdense coding

The density operator

1. Ensembles of quantum states
2. General properties of the density operator
3. The reduced density operator

The Schmidt decomposition and purifications

EPR and the Bell inequality