原文地址:http://outofmemory.cn/code-snippet/2778/java-usage-XPath-seek-xml-jiedian
java 代码,通过xpath 从xml文件中查找到节点,并可转换成String输出。
package cn.outofmemory.snippets.core;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
public class FindElementsByAbsoluteLocationWithXPath {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
dbf.setValidating(false);
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
Document doc = db.parse(new FileInputStream(new File("in.xml")));
XPathFactory factory = XPathFactory.newInstance();
XPath xpath = factory.newXPath();
String expression;
Node node;
NodeList nodeList;
// 1. root element
expression = "/*";
node = (Node) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODE);
System.out.println("1. " + node.getNodeName());
// 2. root element (by name)
expression = "/rss";
node = (Node) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODE);
System.out.println("2. " + node.getNodeName());
// 3. element under rss
expression = "/rss/channel";
node = (Node) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODE);
System.out.println("3. " + node.getNodeName());
// 4. all elements under rss/channel
expression = "/rss/channel/*";
nodeList = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
System.out.print("4. ");
for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) {
System.out.print(nodeList.item(i).getNodeName() + " ");
}
System.out.println();
// 5. all title elements in the document
expression = "//title";
nodeList = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
System.out.print("5. ");
for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) {
System.out.print(nodeList.item(i).getNodeName() + " ");
}
System.out.println();
// 6. all elements in the document except title
expression = "//*[name() != 'title']";
nodeList = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
System.out.print("6. ");
for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) {
System.out.print(nodeList.item(i).getNodeName() + " ");
}
System.out.println();
// 7. all elements with at least one child element
expression = "//*[*]";
nodeList = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
System.out.print("7. ");
for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) {
System.out.print(nodeList.item(i).getNodeName() + " ");
}
System.out.println();
// 8. all level-5 elements (the root being at level 1)
expression = "/*/*/*/*";
nodeList = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
System.out.print("8. ");
for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) {
System.out.print(nodeList.item(i).getNodeName() + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
将node 转换成String 输出
public static String NodetoString(Node node) {
Transformer transformer = null;
String result = null;
if (node == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
try {
transformer = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
}
if (transformer != null) {
try {
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
transformer
.transform(new DOMSource(node), new StreamResult(sw));
return sw.toString();
} catch (TransformerException te) {
throw new RuntimeException(te.getMessage());
}
}
return result;
}
Input:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <rss version="2.0"> <channel> <title>Java Tutorials and Examples 2</title> <language>en-us</language> <item> <title><![CDATA[Java Tutorials 2]]></title> <link>http://www.javacodegeeks.com/</link> </item> <item> <title><![CDATA[Java Examples 2]]></title> <link>http://examples.javacodegeeks.com/</link> </item> </channel> </rss>