ubuntu18.04安装tensorflow-gpu2.1

1. 安装NIVIDA显卡驱动。

首先去官网下载NVIDIA显卡驱动，官网地址：https://www.nvidia.cn/Download/index.aspx?lang=cn

我下载的是目前最新的驱动：

我的显卡信息是：lspci | grep -i nvidia

使用wget下载.run文件：NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-450.57.run

sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-450.57.run运行，选项全部点yes。

安装完后输入nvcc -V来检验是否安装成功：

2、利用conda安装tensorflow-gpu

命令：conda create -n tfgpu tensorflow-gpu=2.1

tfgpu为环境的名字，这个命令conda会自动安装对应的python, cudatoolkit, cudnn，不需要自己配置。

# Name                    Version                   Build  Channel
_libgcc_mutex             0.1                        main    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
_tflow_select             2.1.0                       gpu    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
absl-py                   0.9.0                    py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
astor                     0.8.1                    py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
blas                      1.0                         mkl    https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
blinker                   1.4                      py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
c-ares                    1.15.0            h7b6447c_1001    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
ca-certificates           2020.7.22                     0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
cachetools                4.1.1                      py_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
certifi                   2020.6.20                py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
cffi                      1.10.0                   py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
chardet                   3.0.4                    py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
click                     6.7                      py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
cryptography              3.1              py36h1ba5d50_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
cudatoolkit               10.1.243             h6bb024c_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
cudnn                     7.6.5                cuda10.1_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
cupti                     10.1.168                      0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
gast                      0.2.2                    py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
google-auth               1.21.1                     py_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
google-auth-oauthlib      0.4.1                      py_2    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
google-pasta              0.2.0                      py_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
grpcio                    1.31.0           py36hf8bcb03_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
h5py                      2.10.0           py36hd6299e0_1    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
hdf5                      1.10.6               hb1b8bf9_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
idna                      2.6                      py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
intel-openmp              2020.2                      254    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
keras-applications        1.0.8                      py_1    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
keras-preprocessing       1.1.0                      py_1    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
ld_impl_linux-64          2.33.1               h53a641e_7    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
libedit                   3.1.20191231         h14c3975_1    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
libffi                    3.2.1                         1    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
libgcc-ng                 9.1.0                hdf63c60_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
libgfortran-ng            7.3.0                hdf63c60_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
libprotobuf               3.12.4               hd408876_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
libstdcxx-ng              9.1.0                hdf63c60_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
markdown                  2.6.9                    py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
mkl                       2020.2                      256    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
mkl-service               2.3.0            py36he904b0f_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
mkl_fft                   1.1.0            py36h23d657b_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
mkl_random                1.1.1            py36h0573a6f_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
ncurses                   6.2                  he6710b0_1    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
numpy                     1.19.1           py36hbc911f0_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
numpy-base                1.19.1           py36hfa32c7d_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
oauthlib                  3.1.0                      py_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
openssl                   1.1.1g               h7b6447c_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
opt_einsum                3.1.0                      py_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
pip                       9.0.1                    py36_1    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
protobuf                  3.12.4           py36he6710b0_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
pyasn1                    0.4.8                      py_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
pyasn1-modules            0.2.7                      py_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
pycparser                 2.18                     py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
pyjwt                     1.7.1                    py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
pyopenssl                 17.0.0                   py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
pysocks                   1.6.6                    py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
python                    3.6.10               hcf32534_1    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
readline                  8.0                  h7b6447c_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
requests                  2.24.0                     py_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
requests-oauthlib         1.3.0                      py_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
rsa                       4.6                        py_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
scipy                     1.5.2            py36h0b6359f_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
setuptools                49.6.0                   py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
six                       1.15.0                     py_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
sqlite                    3.33.0               h62c20be_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
tensorboard               2.2.1              pyh532a8cf_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
tensorboard-plugin-wit    1.6.0                      py_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
tensorflow                2.1.0           gpu_py36h2e5cdaa_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
tensorflow-base           2.1.0           gpu_py36h6c5654b_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
tensorflow-estimator      2.1.0              pyhd54b08b_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
tensorflow-gpu            2.1.0                h0d30ee6_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
termcolor                 1.1.0                    py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
tk                        8.6.10               hbc83047_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
urllib3                   1.21.1                   py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
werkzeug                  0.12.2                   py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
wheel                     0.29.0                   py36_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
wrapt                     1.12.1           py36h7b6447c_1    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
xz                        5.2.5                h7b6447c_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
zlib                      1.2.11                        0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free

3、验证是否安装成gpu版本：

>>>import tensorflow as tf

>>>tf.test.is_gpu_available()

如果输出为true的话，说明gpu版本可以使用。

 

4、总结：
个人感觉tensorflow-gpu 2.0以上的版本，只有2.1版本能试成功，其它版本如果大家试成功了可以与我分享。

踩的坑主要在显卡驱动上，我之前安装的440.100的驱动，一直安装不上gpu版本，显示环境路径无权限访问，更新驱动版本之后就好了。还有可能是我的服务器没有显示器的原因，我装450.57版本的时候是插上显示器了的。