NHibernate Step by Step(二) 单表操作
NHibernate Step by Step(二) 单表操作
接着第一期，我们继续。
为了方便学习测试，从今天开始我将使用MS Test来进行测试，这样就避免了在一个Console工程里不停地添加、注释代码了。
提示：为了在VS2005IDE中获得NHibernate配置文件的代码提示，请将你的$NHibernate/src/NHibernate下的nhibernate-configuration-2.0.xsd、nhibernate-mapping-2.0.xsd拷贝到/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/Xml/Schemas下，这样当你编辑配置文件或者映射文件时，你将得到完整的代码提示。
VS2003请拷贝到/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2003/Common7/Packages/schemas/xml下。
NHibernat内部使用log4net来进行日志操作，今天我们将在配置文件中添加log4net的配置，这样我们在测试的时候将可以清楚地看到NHibernate是如何进行工作的。
应用配置文件修改如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<configSections>
<section name="nhibernate" type="System.Configuration.NameValueSectionHandler, System,Version=1.0.5000.0,Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" />
<section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler,log4net" />
</configSections>
<nhibernate>
<add key="hibernate.connection.provider" value="NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider" />
<add key="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="NHibernate.Driver.SqlClientDriver" />
<add key="hibernate.connection.connection_string" value="Server=localhost;Initial Catalog=NHibernate;Integrated Security=SSPI" />
<add key="hibernate.connection.isolation" value="ReadCommitted"/>
<add key="hibernate.dialect" value="NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2000Dialect" />
<add key="show_sql" value="true" />
</nhibernate>
<log4net>
<appender name="ConsoleAppender" type="log4net.Appender.ConsoleAppender" >
<layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
<conversionPattern value="%date [%thread] %-5level %logger [%ndc] - %message%newline" />
</layout>
</appender>
<root>
<level value="ALL" />
<appender-ref ref="ConsoleAppender" />
</root>
</log4net>
</configuration>
请注意添加：
<add key="show_sql" value="true" />
关于log4net的使用，我们这里不做详细的讲解，有兴趣的请参考如下地址：
http://logging.apache.org/log4net/
接着，我们在上次的工程组中添加一个名为Test1的测试项目，将其中的不需要的手动测试去掉。请注意：除了NHibernate/Model引用外，还需要添加如下3个引用：
log4net,System.Data,System.Xml.
修改代码如下：
using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using NHibernate;
using NHibernate.Cfg;
using log4net;
using log4net.Config;
using Test.Model;
namespace Test1
{
/** <summary>
/// Summary description for UnitTest1
/// </summary>
[TestClass]
public class UnitTest1
{
static ISessionFactory factory;
static ILog logger;
ISession session;
public UnitTest1()
{
}
Additional test attributes#region Additional test attributes
[ClassInitialize()]
public static void MyClassInitialize(TestContext testContext)
{
XmlConfigurator.Configure();
logger = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(Test1.UnitTest1));
Configuration config = new Configuration().AddAssembly("Test.Model");
factory = config.BuildSessionFactory();
}
[ClassCleanup()]
public static void MyClassCleanup() { }
[TestInitialize()]
public void MyTestInitialize()
{
session = factory.OpenSession();
}
[TestCleanup()]
public void MyTestCleanup()
{
session.Close();
}
#endregion
}
}
我们在测试的开始对Configuration/SessionFactory/Log进行初始化。在每一个Test的开始获取一个新的session，每一个Test结束后即关闭session。
添加如下一个Get测试：
[TestMethod]
public void TestRead()
{
Person person = (Person)session.Get(typeof(Person), 1);
Assert.IsTrue(person.Name == "Jackie Chan");
}
我们在前面曾经插入一条名为“Jackie Chan”的记录，现在在Test Manager中选中TestRead，运行，ok，Passed！
我们使用了session.Get来获取记录，方法如下：
object Get(Type clazz,object id);
很简单，一目了然。
我们切换到Test Results窗口，双击测试成功的TestRead方法，这时将会有一个详细的测试结果显示出来，NHibernate将使用我们指定的log4net来输出详细信息，我们仔细观察：
2006-04-15 13:52:13,000 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - opened session
2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - loading [Person#1]
2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - attempting to resolve [Person#1]
2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - object not resolved in any cache [Test.Model.Person#1]
2006-04-15 13:52:13,015 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Persister.EntityPersister [(null)] - Materializing entity: Test.Model.Person#1
2006-04-15 13:52:13,078 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Opened new IDbCommand, open IDbCommands :1
2006-04-15 13:52:13,078 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Building an IDbCommand object for the SqlString: SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=:id
2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Type.Int32Type [(null)] - binding '1' to parameter: 0
2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=@p0
2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=@p0
2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - @p0 = '1'
2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider [(null)] - Obtaining IDbConnection from Driver
2006-04-15 13:52:13,859 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Opened Reader, open Readers :1
2006-04-15 13:52:13,859 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - processing result set
2006-04-15 13:52:13,875 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - result row: 1
2006-04-15 13:52:13,875 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - Initializing object from DataReader: 1
2006-04-15 13:52:13,875 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - Hydrating entity: Test.Model.Person#1
2006-04-15 13:52:13,906 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Type.StringType [(null)] - returning 'Jackie Chan' as column: name0_
2006-04-15 13:52:13,906 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - done processing result set (1 rows)
2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Driver.NHybridDataReader [(null)] - running NHybridDataReader.Dispose()
2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Closed Reader, open Readers :0
2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.BatcherImpl [(null)] - Closed IDbCommand, open IDbCommands :0
2006-04-15 13:52:13,937 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Loader [(null)] - total objects hydrated: 1
2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - resolving associations for: [Test.Model.Person#1]
2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - done materializing entity [Test.Model.Person#1]
2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - initializing non-lazy collections
2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - closing session
2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - disconnecting session
2006-04-15 13:52:13,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Connection.ConnectionProvider [(null)] - Closing connection
2006-04-15 13:52:13,968 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl [(null)] - transaction completion
在其中，我们可以发现：
2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=@p0
2006-04-15 13:52:13,093 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.SQL [(null)] - @p0 = '1'
对了，就是这里，NHibernate替我们构造了一条sql语句，并添加一个参数，然后将我们在代码中赋的id值1来填充，这样，一条完整的可以执行的sql语句产生了。
请注意：在产生sql语句的前面，NHibernate构造了一个IDBCommand，然后在sql语句产生完全后，获取连接，通过一个DataReader来填充Persion对象给我们使用，这就是NHibernate替我们做的事，是不是很简单啊？（真的很简单吗？？看看源代码吧！！）
请仔细研究输出的日志。
如法炮制，我们添加另外3个Test，完成单个表的全部CRUD操作，如下完整代码：
[TestMethod]
public void TestCreate()
{
Person person = new Person();
person.Name = "Jackie Chan";
ITransaction trans = session.BeginTransaction();
try
{
session.Save(person);
trans.Commit();
Assert.IsTrue(person.Id > 0);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
trans.Rollback();
Assert.Fail(ex.Message);
}
}
[TestMethod]
public void TestUpdate()
{
Person person = (Person)session.Get(typeof(Person), 1);
person.Name = "Jet Li";
ITransaction trans = session.BeginTransaction();
try
{
session.Save(person);
trans.Commit();
Assert.IsTrue(person.Name == "Jet Li");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
trans.Rollback();
Assert.Fail(ex.Message);
}
}
[TestMethod]
public void TestRead()
{
Person person = (Person)session.Get(typeof(Person), 1);
Assert.IsTrue(person.Name == "Jackie Chan");
}
[TestMethod]
public void TestDelete()
{
Person person = (Person)session.Get(typeof(Person), 1);
ITransaction trans = session.BeginTransaction();
try
{
session.Delete(person);
trans.Commit();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
trans.Rollback();
Assert.Fail(ex.Message);
}
}
Delete的方法如下：
void Delete(object obj);
直接传入需要delete的对象即可。
好了，基本的操作都完成了，是不是很Easy？
好了，这一篇就讲这么多，我们下次再接着练习。
Step by Step，顾名思义，是一步一步来的意思，整个教程我将贯彻这一理念。
任何建议或者批评，请e：abluedog@163.com
posted on 2006-04-15 14:32 abluedog 阅读(6681) 评论(21) 编辑 收藏 所属分类: NHibernate
评论
#1楼 2006-04-15 17:46 tst [未注册用户]
强烈支持! 回复 引用 查看
#2楼 2006-04-16 11:46 JetLee
支持，学习中...
期待更多！ 回复 引用 查看
#3楼 2006-04-16 12:59 javac [未注册用户]
没有Visual Studio 2005 team system版测试怎么做？ 回复 引用 查看
#4楼 2006-04-16 13:18 天梦
期待更多！学习。。。。 回复 引用 查看
#5楼 [楼主] 2006-04-16 15:37 abluedog
@javac
你可以使用nunit，基本上差别不大。之所以使用MS Test，是因为ms既然在ide里包含了测试框架，那么不管我们喜欢还是不喜欢，它肯定会获得比较广泛的应用——这也是没办法的事。 回复 引用 查看
#6楼 2006-04-16 21:18 SOSOS's BLog
建议:希望abludedog把每次做好的教程也提供下载,这样更能帮助入门者,更好提高大家的水平!谢谢 回复 引用 查看
#7楼 2006-04-19 20:19 mzl [未注册用户]
建议:希望abludedog把每次做好的教程也提供下载,这样更能帮助入门者,更好提高大家的水平!谢谢
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
支持。。。。。。。
谢谢abluedog！！！！！！！！ 回复 引用 查看
#8楼 2006-04-20 14:14 和地球人一起 [未注册用户]
[TestClass]等等这些属性都怎么来的。作者也没说清楚啊。......
可能因为我也没用ms test吧,所以总觉得不知所云,突然就出来了个test1,说类也不是类，说工程也不是工程，说应用程序也不是应用程序,而且还那么属性不知从哪里来的饿。。..搞的我赶紧下了个nunit,还没开始用呢，,,正一头雾水中。.. 回复 引用 查看
#9楼 [楼主] 2006-04-22 20:10 abluedog
@SOSOS's BLog
@mzl
目前还是以文章为主，测试程序都是说明性的，等这个系列完了后，我会再重新整理出来一份文档及示例代码，抱歉了。
@和地球人一起
抱歉让您理解不清楚了。
我在前面已经说明是使用的vs2005演示的，可能我忘了一点，我使用的是team suite版，如果您使用的是professional版或者更低的版本，可能不会包含完整的测试框架。
至于mstest，我想您看一下sdk就应该很清楚了，我在这里就不费笔墨在nhibernate外的地方了。 回复 引用 查看
#10楼 2006-06-07 16:50 家中慢步
好文章，找了很久了，这一系列入门教程最清楚了.
请问，如何实现dataGrid的绑定，分页之类的效果呢？ 回复 引用 查看
#11楼 2006-08-24 10:16 小草
呵呵。不错呀。我试完会继续发布补充说明，呵呵。 回复 引用 查看
#12楼 2006-08-25 18:19 viptell [未注册用户]
类初始化方法 Test1.UnitTest1.MyClassInitialize 引发异常。NHibernate.MappingException: NHibernate.MappingException: The dialect was not set. Set the property hibernate.dialect. ---> NHibernate.HibernateException: The dialect was not set. Set the property hibernate.dialect.
-----------------
怎么处理啊，大哥？ 回复 引用 查看
#13楼 2006-08-30 17:58 kegogo
楼主为什么我的这里没有那条sql语句
我的测试结果如下:
2006-08-30 17:54:18,796 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Environment [(null)] - NHibernate 1.2.0.1001 (1.2.0.Alpha1)
2006-08-30 17:54:18,890 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Environment [(null)] - Bytecode provider name : lcg
2006-08-30 17:54:18,906 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Environment [(null)] - Using reflection optimizer
2006-08-30 17:54:18,906 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration [(null)] - Searching for mapped documents in assembly: Test.Model
2006-08-30 17:54:18,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration [(null)] - Found mapping documents in assembly: Test.Model.Person.hbm.xml
2006-08-30 17:54:19,703 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Dialect.Dialect [(null)] - Using dialect: NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2000Dialect
2006-08-30 17:54:19,843 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.HbmBinder [(null)] - Mapping class: Test.Model.Person -> Person
2006-08-30 17:54:19,890 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Cfg.HbmBinder [(null)] - Mapped property: Id -> id, type: Int32
2006-08-30 17:54:19,906 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Cfg.HbmBinder [(null)] - Mapped property: Name -> name, type: String
2006-08-30 17:54:19,921 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration [(null)] - processing one-to-many association mappings
2006-08-30 17:54:19,921 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration [(null)] - processing one-to-one association property references
2006-08-30 17:54:19,921 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration [(null)] - processing foreign key constraints
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Dialect.Dialect [(null)] - Using dialect: NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2000Dialect
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Connection.ConnectionProviderFactory [(null)] - Intitializing connection provider: NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Connection.ConnectionProvider [(null)] - Configuring ConnectionProvider
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.SettingsFactory [(null)] - Optimize cache for minimal puts: False
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.SettingsFactory [(null)] - Query language substitutions: {}
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.SettingsFactory [(null)] - cache provider: NHibernate.Cache.HashtableCacheProvider
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.SettingsFactory [(null)] - Using Isolation Level: ReadCommitted
2006-08-30 17:54:19,953 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration [(null)] - instantiating and configuring caches
2006-08-30 17:54:19,968 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Impl.SessionFactoryImpl [(null)] - building session factory
2006-08-30 17:54:19,968 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionFactoryImpl [(null)] - instantiating session factory with properties: {hibernate.connection.driver_class=NHibernate.Driver.SqlClientDriver, hibernate.dialect=NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2000Dialect, hibernate.connection.provider=NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider, hibernate.connection.isolation=ReadCommitted, hibernate.use_reflection_optimizer=true, show_sql=true, hibernate.connection.connection_string=Server=localhost;Initial Catalog=NHibernate;Integrated Security=SSPI}
2006-08-30 17:54:20,125 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionFactoryObjectFactory [(null)] - initializing class SessionFactoryObjectFactory
2006-08-30 17:54:20,125 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionFactoryObjectFactory [(null)] - registered: 356b1fa6d48642e198ec974f094c7385(unnamed)
2006-08-30 17:54:20,125 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] INFO NHibernate.Impl.SessionFactoryObjectFactory [(null)] - no name configured
2006-08-30 17:54:20,203 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Entity.AbstractEntityLoader [(null)] - Static select for entity Test.Model.Person: SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=:id
2006-08-30 17:54:20,203 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Entity.AbstractEntityLoader [(null)] - Static select for entity Test.Model.Person: SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=:id
2006-08-30 17:54:20,203 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Entity.AbstractEntityLoader [(null)] - Static select for entity Test.Model.Person: SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=:id
2006-08-30 17:54:20,203 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Loader.Entity.AbstractEntityLoader [(null)] - Static select for entity Test.Model.Person: SELECT person0_.id as id0_, person0_.name as name0_0_ FROM Person person0_ WHERE person0_.id=:id
2006-08-30 17:54:20,250 [AdpaterExeMgrThread1] DEBUG NHibernate.Impl.SessionFactoryImpl [(null)] - Instantiated session factory 回复 引用 查看
#14楼 2006-10-30 16:52 风吹河岸柳轻扬
我遇到的问题是，在创建测试项目的时候，没有指定的模板。难道是我装的模板有问题吗？ 回复 引用 查看
#15楼 [TrackBack] 2007-07-15 13:37 大冰
NHibernateStepbyStep(二)单表操作 NHibernateStepbyStep(二)单表操作接着第一期，我们继续。为了方便学习测试，从今天开始我将使用MS...
[引用提示]大冰引用了该文章, 地址: http://www.cnblogs.com/hanbing768/archive/2007/07/15/818679.html 回复 引用 查看
#16楼 2007-07-30 10:50 lanfker [未注册用户]
虽然日志看不懂，但是正文还是看懂了，很感激LZ 回复 引用 查看
#17楼 2007-08-04 22:30 akuan [未注册用户]
在step(二)这里有过地方楼主没有明确说出来,就是配置文件是放在Test1测试项目里面的,如果不把配置文件放至测试项目中,测会报NHibernate.Dialect及lognet4的一些异常出来,这样会导致测试通不过.
向Test1添加配置文件:
右击[Test1]项目,选择添加新建项,然后在打开的窗何中选择"应用程序配置文件",然后再把楼主上面说的配置Copy一份进去就可以了. 回复 引用 查看
#18楼 2007-08-10 09:51 高海东
我也开始学习这个框架了 回复 引用 查看
#19楼 2007-09-03 13:58 zhaoyicun [未注册用户]
Configuration config = new Configuration().AddAssembly("Test.Model");这一句出现：
“NHibernate.Cfg.Environment”的类型初始值设定项引发异常。
的错误，怎么解决啊？ 回复 引用 查看
#20楼 2007-10-12 14:25 qc [未注册用户]
@viptell
应该是你的配置文件种的key=“hibernate.dialect”中的名字写错了 回复 引用 查看
#21楼 2008-03-26 14:24 老志
可惜..我不是 team suit..
順便學了NUnit..感恩
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