数学函数
1.绝对值
S:select abs(-1) value
O:select abs(-1) value from dual
S:select F1,IsNull(F2,10) value from Tbl
O:select F1,nvl(F2,10) value from Tbl
1.绝对值
S:select abs(-1) value
O:select abs(-1) value from dual
2.取整(大)
S:select ceiling(-1.001) value
O:select ceil(-1.001) value from dual
S:select ceiling(-1.001) value
O:select ceil(-1.001) value from dual
3.取整(小)
S:select floor(-1.001) value
O:select floor(-1.001) value from dual
S:select floor(-1.001) value
O:select floor(-1.001) value from dual
4.取整(截取)
S:select cast(-1.002 as int) value
O:select trunc(-1.002) value from dual
S:select cast(-1.002 as int) value
O:select trunc(-1.002) value from dual
5.四舍五入
S:select round(1.23456,4) value 1.23460
O:select round(1.23456,4) value from dual 1.2346
S:select round(1.23456,4) value 1.23460
O:select round(1.23456,4) value from dual 1.2346
6.e为底的幂
S:select Exp(1) value 2.7182818284590451
O:select Exp(1) value from dual 2.71828182
S:select Exp(1) value 2.7182818284590451
O:select Exp(1) value from dual 2.71828182
7.取e为底的对数
S:select log(2.7182818284590451) value 1
O:select ln(2.7182818284590451) value from dual; 1
S:select log(2.7182818284590451) value 1
O:select ln(2.7182818284590451) value from dual; 1
8.取10为底对数
S:select log10(10) value 1
O:select log(10,10) value from dual; 1
S:select log10(10) value 1
O:select log(10,10) value from dual; 1
9.取平方
S:select SQUARE(4) value 16
O:select power(4,2) value from dual 16
S:select SQUARE(4) value 16
O:select power(4,2) value from dual 16
10.取平方根
S:select SQRT(4) value 2
O:select SQRT(4) value from dual 2
S:select SQRT(4) value 2
O:select SQRT(4) value from dual 2
11.求任意数为底的幂
S:select power(3,4) value 81
O:select power(3,4) value from dual 81
S:select power(3,4) value 81
O:select power(3,4) value from dual 81
12.取随机数
S:select rand() value
O:select sys.dbms_random.value(0,1) value from dual;
S:select rand() value
O:select sys.dbms_random.value(0,1) value from dual;
13.取符号
S:select sign(-8) value -1
O:select sign(-8) value from dual -1
S:select sign(-8) value -1
O:select sign(-8) value from dual -1
14.圆周率
S:SELECT PI() value 3.1415926535897931
O:不知道
S:SELECT PI() value 3.1415926535897931
O:不知道
15.sin,cos,tan 参数都以弧度为单位
例如:select sin(PI()/2) value 得到1(SQLServer)
例如:select sin(PI()/2) value 得到1(SQLServer)
16.Asin,Acos,Atan,Atan2 返回弧度
17.弧度角度互换(SQLServer,Oracle不知道)
DEGREES:弧度-〉角度
RADIANS:角度-〉弧度
DEGREES:弧度-〉角度
RADIANS:角度-〉弧度
数值间比较
18. 求集合最大值
S:select max(value) value from
(select 1 value
union
select -2 value
union
select 4 value
union
select 3 value)a
S:select max(value) value from
(select 1 value
union
select -2 value
union
select 4 value
union
select 3 value)a
O:select greatest(1,-2,4,3) value from dual
19. 求集合最小值
S:select min(value) value from
(select 1 value
union
select -2 value
union
select 4 value
union
select 3 value)a
S:select min(value) value from
(select 1 value
union
select -2 value
union
select 4 value
union
select 3 value)a
O:select least(1,-2,4,3) value from dual
20.如何处理null值(F2中的null以10代替)
S:select F1,IsNull(F2,10) value from Tbl
O:select F1,nvl(F2,10) value from Tbl
21.求字符序号
S:select ascii('a') value
O:select ascii('a') value from dual
S:select ascii('a') value
O:select ascii('a') value from dual
22.从序号求字符
S:select char(97) value
O:select chr(97) value from dual
S:select char(97) value
O:select chr(97) value from dual
23.连接
S:select '11'+'22'+'33' value
O:select CONCAT('11','22') 33 value from dual
S:select '11'+'22'+'33' value
O:select CONCAT('11','22') 33 value from dual
23.子串位置 --返回3
S:select CHARINDEX('s','sdsq',2) value
O:select INSTR('sdsq','s',2) value from dual
S:select CHARINDEX('s','sdsq',2) value
O:select INSTR('sdsq','s',2) value from dual
23.模糊子串的位置 --返回2,参数去掉中间%则返回7
S:select patindex('%d%q%','sdsfasdqe') value
O:oracle没发现,但是instr可以通过第四个参数控制出现次数
select INSTR('sdsfasdqe','sd',1,2) value from dual 返回6
S:select patindex('%d%q%','sdsfasdqe') value
O:oracle没发现,但是instr可以通过第四个参数控制出现次数
select INSTR('sdsfasdqe','sd',1,2) value from dual 返回6
24.求子串
S:select substring('abcd',2,2) value
O:select substr('abcd',2,2) value from dual
S:select substring('abcd',2,2) value
O:select substr('abcd',2,2) value from dual
25.子串代替 返回aijklmnef
S:SELECT STUFF('abcdef', 2, 3, 'ijklmn') value
O:SELECT Replace('abcdef', 'bcd', 'ijklmn') value from dual
S:SELECT STUFF('abcdef', 2, 3, 'ijklmn') value
O:SELECT Replace('abcdef', 'bcd', 'ijklmn') value from dual
26.子串全部替换
S:没发现
O:select Translate('fasdbfasegas','fa','我' ) value from dual
S:没发现
O:select Translate('fasdbfasegas','fa','我' ) value from dual
27.长度
S:len,datalength
O:length
S:len,datalength
O:length
28.大小写转换 lower,upper
29.单词首字母大写
S:没发现
O:select INITCAP('abcd dsaf df') value from dual
S:没发现
O:select INITCAP('abcd dsaf df') value from dual
30.左补空格(LPAD的第一个参数为空格则同space函数)
S:select space(10)+'abcd' value
O:select LPAD('abcd',14) value from dual
S:select space(10)+'abcd' value
O:select LPAD('abcd',14) value from dual
31.右补空格(RPAD的第一个参数为空格则同space函数)
S:select 'abcd'+space(10) value
O:select RPAD('abcd',14) value from dual
S:select 'abcd'+space(10) value
O:select RPAD('abcd',14) value from dual
32.删除空格
S:ltrim,rtrim
O:ltrim,rtrim,trim
S:ltrim,rtrim
O:ltrim,rtrim,trim
33. 重复字符串
S:select REPLICATE('abcd',2) value
O:没发现
S:select REPLICATE('abcd',2) value
O:没发现
34.发音相似性比较(这两个单词返回值一样,发音相同)
S:SELECT SOUNDEX ('Smith'), SOUNDEX ('Smythe')
O:SELECT SOUNDEX ('Smith'), SOUNDEX ('Smythe') from dual
SQLServer中用SELECT DIFFERENCE('Smithers', 'Smythers') 比较soundex的差
返回0-4,4为同音,1最高
S:SELECT SOUNDEX ('Smith'), SOUNDEX ('Smythe')
O:SELECT SOUNDEX ('Smith'), SOUNDEX ('Smythe') from dual
SQLServer中用SELECT DIFFERENCE('Smithers', 'Smythers') 比较soundex的差
返回0-4,4为同音,1最高
日期函数
35.系统时间
S:select getdate() value
O:select sysdate value from dual
35.系统时间
S:select getdate() value
O:select sysdate value from dual
36.前后几日
直接与整数相加减
直接与整数相加减
37.求日期
S:select convert(char(10),getdate(),20) value
O:select trunc(sysdate) value from dual
select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd') value from dual
S:select convert(char(10),getdate(),20) value
O:select trunc(sysdate) value from dual
select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd') value from dual
38.求时间
S:select convert(char(8),getdate(),108) value
O:select to_char(sysdate,'hh24:mm:ss') value from dual
S:select convert(char(8),getdate(),108) value
O:select to_char(sysdate,'hh24:mm:ss') value from dual
39.取日期时间的其他部分
S:DATEPART 和 DATENAME 函数 (第一个参数决定)
O:to_char函数 第二个参数决定
S:DATEPART 和 DATENAME 函数 (第一个参数决定)
O:to_char函数 第二个参数决定
参数---------------------------------下表需要补充
year yy, yyyy
quarter qq, q (季度)
month mm, m (m O无效)
dayofyear dy, y (O表星期)
day dd, d (d O无效)
week wk, ww (wk O无效)
weekday dw (O不清楚)
Hour hh,hh12,hh24 (hh12,hh24 S无效)
minute mi, n (n O无效)
second ss, s (s O无效)
millisecond ms (O无效)
----------------------------------------------
year yy, yyyy
quarter qq, q (季度)
month mm, m (m O无效)
dayofyear dy, y (O表星期)
day dd, d (d O无效)
week wk, ww (wk O无效)
weekday dw (O不清楚)
Hour hh,hh12,hh24 (hh12,hh24 S无效)
minute mi, n (n O无效)
second ss, s (s O无效)
millisecond ms (O无效)
----------------------------------------------
40.当月最后一天
S:不知道
O:select LAST_DAY(sysdate) value from dual
S:不知道
O:select LAST_DAY(sysdate) value from dual
41.本星期的某一天(比如星期日)
S:不知道
O:SELECT Next_day(sysdate,7) vaule FROM DUAL;
S:不知道
O:SELECT Next_day(sysdate,7) vaule FROM DUAL;
42.字符串转时间
S:可以直接转或者select cast('2004-09-08'as datetime) value
O:SELECT To_date('2004-01-05 22:09:38','yyyy-mm-dd hh24-mi-ss') vaule FROM DUAL;
S:可以直接转或者select cast('2004-09-08'as datetime) value
O:SELECT To_date('2004-01-05 22:09:38','yyyy-mm-dd hh24-mi-ss') vaule FROM DUAL;
43.求两日期某一部分的差(比如秒)
S:select datediff(ss,getdate(),getdate()+12.3) value
O:直接用两个日期相减(比如d1-d2=12.3)
SELECT (d1-d2)*24*60*60 vaule FROM DUAL;
S:select datediff(ss,getdate(),getdate()+12.3) value
O:直接用两个日期相减(比如d1-d2=12.3)
SELECT (d1-d2)*24*60*60 vaule FROM DUAL;
44.根据差值求新的日期(比如分钟)
S:select dateadd(mi,8,getdate()) value
O:SELECT sysdate+8/60/24 vaule FROM DUAL;
S:select dateadd(mi,8,getdate()) value
O:SELECT sysdate+8/60/24 vaule FROM DUAL;
45.求不同时区时间
S:不知道
O:SELECT New_time(sysdate,'ydt','gmt' ) vaule FROM DUAL;
S:不知道
O:SELECT New_time(sysdate,'ydt','gmt' ) vaule FROM DUAL;
-----时区参数,北京在东8区应该是Ydt-------
AST ADT 大西洋标准时间
BST BDT 白令海标准时间
CST CDT 中部标准时间
EST EDT 东部标准时间
GMT 格林尼治标准时间
HST HDT 阿拉斯加?夏威夷标准时间
MST MDT 山区标准时间
NST 纽芬兰标准时间
PST PDT 太平洋标准时间
YST YDT YUKON标准时间
AST ADT 大西洋标准时间
BST BDT 白令海标准时间
CST CDT 中部标准时间
EST EDT 东部标准时间
GMT 格林尼治标准时间
HST HDT 阿拉斯加?夏威夷标准时间
MST MDT 山区标准时间
NST 纽芬兰标准时间
PST PDT 太平洋标准时间
YST YDT YUKON标准时间