struts学习(四)—属性封装、模型驱动封装和表达式封装

本文学习内容来自传智博客struts教程。

1.属性封装

作用:
直接把表单提交属性封装到action的属性里面
步骤:
(1)在action中声明成员变量,变量名称和表单输入项的名称一样
(2)生成变量的set方法。
缺点:
数据只是放在属性中,并没有放到对象中去。

(1)action类:

package data;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class DataDemo1Action extends ActionSupport {


    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String address;

    public String execute() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("username:"+username+"password:"+password+"address:"+address);
        return NONE;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

}

(2)struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>
    <package name="demo1" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
        <action name="book" class="action.BookAction">
            <!-- chain: 转发 ,页面会发生改变,网址不发生改变,仍然为 http://127.0.0.1:8080/strutslearn2All/book -->
            <result name="success" type="chain">orders</result>
        </action>

        <action name="orders" class="action.OrdersAction">
            <result name="success">/HelloOrder.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>


    <package name="demo2" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
        <action name="data1" class="data.DataDemo1Action"></action>
    </package>

</struts>

(3)data1.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
   <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/data1.action" method="post">
      username:<input type="text" name="username"/>
      <br/>
      password:<input type="text" name="password"/>
      <br/>
      address:<input type="text" name="address"/>
      <br/>
      <input type="submit" value="submit"/>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

2.模型驱动封装

作用:
使用模型驱动封装,可以直接把表单属性封装到实体类对象里面
实现步骤:
(1)action实现接口ModelDriven
(2)实现接口里面的getModel()方法
把创建对象返回
(3)在action里面创建实体类对象
要求:
表单输入项的name属性值和实体类属性名称一样。

(1)action类:

  package data;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;

import entity.User;

public class DataDemo2Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User> {

    //创建对象
    private User user = new User();


    public String execute() throws Exception {

        System.out.println(user);
        return NONE;
    }

    @Override
    public User getModel() {
        return user;
    }

}

(2)struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>
    <package name="demo1" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
        <action name="book" class="action.BookAction">
            <!-- chain: 转发 ,页面会发生改变,网址不发生改变,仍然为 http://127.0.0.1:8080/strutslearn2All/book -->
            <result name="success" type="chain">orders</result>
        </action>

        <action name="orders" class="action.OrdersAction">
            <result name="success">/HelloOrder.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>


    <package name="demo2" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
        <action name="data2" class="data.DataDemo2Action"></action>
    </package>
</struts>

(3)data2.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
     <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/data2.action" method="post">
      username:<input type="text" name="username"/>
      <br/>
      password:<input type="text" name="password"/>
      <br/>
      address:<input type="text" name="address"/>
      <br/>
      <input type="submit" value="submit"/>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

(4)实体类:

package entity;

public class User {

    private String username;

    private String password;

    private String address;

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
}

3.表达式封装

作用
使用表达式封装可以将表单数据封装到实体类里面
步骤
1.在action中声明实体类
2.生成实体类变量的set方法
3.在表单输入项的name属性值里面写表达式形式。

(1)action类

package data;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

import entity.Book;
import entity.User;

public class DataDemo3Action extends ActionSupport {

private User user;
    private Book book;



public Book getBook() {
return book;
}

public void setBook(Book book) {
this.book = book;
}

public User getUser() {
return user;
}

public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}

@Override
public String execute() throws Exception { 
System.out.println(user);
System.out.println(book);
return NONE;
}
}

(2)book实体类

package entity;

public class Book {

    private String bookname;

    public String getBookname() {
        return bookname;
    }

    public void setBookname(String bookname) {
        this.bookname = bookname;
    }
}

(3)dat3.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/data3.action" method="post">
        username:<input type="text" name="user.username" />
        <br/> 
        password:<input type="text" name="user.password" /> 
        <br/> 
        address:<input type="text" name="user.address" /> 
        <br/> 
        bookname:<input type="text" name="book.bookname"/>
        <br/>
        <input type="submit" value="submit" />
    </form>

</body>
</html>

(4)struts文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>
    <package name="demo1" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
        <action name="book" class="action.BookAction">
            <!-- chain: 转发 ,页面会发生改变,网址不发生改变,仍然为 http://127.0.0.1:8080/strutslearn2All/book -->
            <result name="success" type="chain">orders</result>
        </action>

        <action name="orders" class="action.OrdersAction">
            <result name="success">/HelloOrder.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>


    <package name="demo2" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
        <action name="data3" class="data.DataDemo3Action"></action>
    </package>
</struts>

4.代码总体架构

这里写图片描述

4.使用以上封装要注意的问题

(1)同一个action中,不能同时使用属性封装和模型驱动封装获取同一个表单数据。如果同时使用,则框架只会使用模型驱动。

(2)模型驱动与表达式封装的不同:
1.使用模型驱动只能把数据封装到一个实体类对象里面。
在一个action里面不能把模型驱动封装到不同的实体类对象里面。
2.表达式封装可以把数据封装到不同的对象中去。

评论 1
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值