一次 mysql 启动错误

140321 13:19:31 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
/usr/libexec/mysqld: Can't find file: './mysql/plugin.frm' (errno: 13)
140321 13:19:31 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
140321 13:19:31 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 8.0M
140321 13:19:31 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
140321 13:19:31 InnoDB: Started; log sequence number 0 44233
140321 13:19:31 [ERROR] /usr/libexec/mysqld: Can't find file: './mysql/host.frm' (errno: 13)
140321 13:19:31 [ERROR] Fatal error: Can't open and lock privilege tables: Can't find file: './mysql/host.frm' (errno: 13)
140321 13:19:31 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended

    mysql 的数据库存放目录默认是 /var/lib/mysql，这个目录也被定义为 mysql 的根目录，/usr/bin/mysqld_safe 负责启动进程，/usr/libexec/mysqld 执行文件负责连接 mysql，它要读取 /var/lib/mysql/mysql/plugin.frm 文件，这里显示找不到这个文件，但是我进入那个目录看过，plugin.frm 文件是实际存在的。

    各种尝试之后，我终于想到了，mysqld 进程（不是/usr/libexec/mysqld）所属的用户和组都是 mysql，那么/var/lib/mysql/mysql/ 目录内的文件也应该属于 mysql 用户和 mysql 组。修改一下

chown mysql:mysql *

    果然好了

140321 13:24:42 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
140321 13:24:43 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 8.0M
140321 13:24:43 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
140321 13:24:43 InnoDB: Started; log sequence number 0 44233
140321 13:24:43 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
140321 13:24:43 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.1.73' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 Source distribution

原文地址https://my.oschina.net/JerryBaby/blog/210288