重新理解研究生博士生

研究生开学一周了，明细

一篇密西根大学的综述解决了一些 我对硕士博士研究生的理解和看法问题。

1，role of mentor：

teaching undergraduate and graduate courses;

 advising undergraduate and graduate students;

 serving on dissertation committees;

researching or working on creative projects; 

writing grant proposals; writing books and articles;

reviewing the work of their students and colleagues;

serving on departmental and university

committees; 

and fulfilling duties for professional organizations  

国内可能还有一些党组织关系的工作啥的，如果导师是党员的话。所以要理解老师是很忙的，自己得有很强的计划性和执行力。

2，role of Mentee

As a graduate student it is your responsibility to develop and demonstrate  your abilities to be an independent scholar and researcher.

At the same time,  you should remember that your mentors will not all share the same perspective.

作为一名研究生，你其实相当于一种职业，任何职业都要敬业，要有些基本的  professional behavior。

具体的任务要求如下：

2.1 Work Plan

• Develop a work plan that includes both short-term and long-term objectives as well as a

series of deadlines for completing each step. （一定要有一个working list（短期的任务），比如具体的任务，作业啥的，和一个 perspective（长期的期望）， ）

• When modifications seem necessary , discuss these with your mentor and agree upon a

new work plan.

• Contact your mentor at regular intervals (expectations vary by discipline and stage of

study) to discuss your progress.

• Pursue additional training and experiences you need in order to achieve your professional

goals. (个人理解最后一条是最重要的，任何工作，加班是常事，但更要注意个人的 能力的提升，比如编程能力，阅读能力，敲键盘的速度也是一种能力。 )

2.2  Meetings  （个人理解为组会）

• Show up for scheduled meetings on time.

• Meetings will be most productive when you accept responsibility for leading the meeting. 

   Your role is to raise the issues and questions while the professor’s role is to respond.

• For each meeting, be prepared with an agenda of topics that need to be discussed - 

   and  prioritize them so you are asking your most important questions first.

• At the conclusion of the meeting or through e-mail, summarize any agreements that have

been reached. Also restate what you will be doing and what the mentor committed to do

to assist you. Ask them to respond if they disagree with anything you have stated. Follow

up on what you agree to do.

• If your mentor is facing a work emergency at the time of your meeting, offer to reschedule

the meeting, shorten it, or handle the matter over e-mail. Be flexible, but remain committed

to getting what you need in a timely manner.

• If you need to cancel a meeting, make sure that your message is left in a manner that

reaches the professor. Do not rely solely on one form of message.

组会还是得参加的，这是一个很好的机会去看下你同组的人们在忙些啥，或者有时候组会是大家一起看论文，讨论论文的内容等等。这些都是很有用的

2.3 Critique and Editing（论文写作和任务进展）

• Clarify how often the faculty member will give you feedback about your general work

and your progress.

• Read the books or articles your mentors suggest, and let them know what you thought

about those suggestions.

• Ask when you can expect them to return papers.

• Find out if they tend to provide a lot of comments or very few, so that you won’t be taken

aback later on.

• Do not submit a draft to a faculty member in its roughest form (unless otherwise instructed

by the professor.) Seek the professor’s input once you are confident you have a presentable

draft. Be sure to proofread the document carefully. If you have doubts about the

quality of your work, ask a more advanced student to read your paper first. Ideally, this

person should be familiar with both the professor and the topic so s/he can make remarks

about the content and style.

• Do not ask professors to re-read an entire paper if only certain sections have been revised.

Instead, mark the new or edited sections by underlining them, putting them in boldface,

or by using a different font.

• If you disagree with a particular criticism, demonstrate that you are willing to consider

that point. If after thinking about it for some time you still disagree, demonstrate your

ability to defend your ideas in a professional and well-thought-out manner.

2.4 Professional Development （平时要和业内圈内的人士交流，同一级）

• Attend departmental lectures and other activities such as job talks.

• Join professional associations and societies.

• Attend conferences and use these opportunities to network with others.

• Seek out opportunities to present your work in your department or through outside conferences,

publications, performances.

• Attend teaching workshops and discipline-specific pedagogy classes.

• Take advantage of formal and informal opportunities to improve your understanding of

research responsibility and professional ethics.

2.5 Portfolio and References

• Maintain a professional portfolio in both electronic and paper-based versions that serves

to document your accomplishments. Bear in mind that these can be used for a variety of

purposes and should always be focused and concise.

• When requesting a reference, provide updated copies of your curriculum vitae and the

location or copy of your portfolio for materials that can amplify the c.v.

• Leave clear written instructions as to when the letters are due and to whom to send them.

Attach a stamped and addressed envelope for each letter. If you have several letters, create

a calendar for your mentor that lists application deadlines.

• Provide a short description about the fellowship, grant, or program for which you are applying.

• Provide details about how you are structuring your application and what points you

would like your mentor to emphasize.

• Submit these materials with enough advance time for your mentor to write a letter.

• In case the professor misplaces the application materials, keep extra copies of all forms.

• Ask how your mentor prefers to be reminded of deadlines, if needed.

一张图总结一下，phd学生和本科生的区别

总之，phd学生要干很多很多的事情，学习很多知识，点亮各种各样的技能，相当于一个低收入的科研工作者，学校也只能保证个人的吃喝（在学校），玩乐（在国外）。

所以干什么事情全部靠自己了，有问题时师兄是很好交流对象啦