整理总结自鸿洋的博客:http://blog.csdn.net/lmj623565791/article/details/38902805/
一、利用普通的Adapter实现ListView列表——这是最基础的适配器
以下代码是最普通的实现方法:
1、MainActiviy.Java
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
- private List<String> mData = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList("HongYang", "GuoLin", "RenYuGang", "Jiatao"));
- private Context context;
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- context = this;
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
- ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listview);
- MyAdapter mAdapter = new MyAdapter(context, mData);
- listView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
- }
- }
2、activity_main.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- tools:context=".act.MainActivity">
- <ListView
- android:id="@+id/listview"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent" />
- </RelativeLayout>
3、MyAdapter.java
- /**
- * Created by jiatao on 2016/6/10.
- * 这是最普通的适配器:
- * MyAdapter继承BaseAdapter,然后getView里面使用ViewHolder模式;
- * 一般情况下,我们的写法是这样的:对于不同布局的ListView,我们会有一个对应的Adapter,在Adapter中又会有一个ViewHolder类来提高效率。
- * 这样出现ListView就会出现与之对应的Adapter类、ViewHolder类;
- * 那么有没有办法减少我们的编码呢?第二部分中将初步实现
- */
- public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
- private LayoutInflater mLayoutInflater;
- private Context mContext;
- private List<String> mData;
- public MyAdapter(Context mContext, List<String> mData) {
- mLayoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);
- this.mContext = mContext;
- this.mData = mData;
- }
- @Override
- public int getCount() {
- return mData == null ? 0 : mData.size();
- }
- @Override
- public Object getItem(int position) {
- return mData.get(position);
- }
- @Override
- public long getItemId(int position) {
- return position;
- }
- @Override
- public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
- ViewHolder holder;
- if (convertView == null) {
- holder = new ViewHolder();
- convertView = mLayoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.item_string_listview, parent, false);
- holder.tv_title = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_title);
- convertView.setTag(holder);
- } else {
- holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
- }
- holder.tv_title.setText(mData.get(position));
- return convertView;
- }
- class ViewHolder {
- private TextView tv_title;
- }
- }
4、item_string_listview.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <TextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:id="@+id/tv_title"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="50dp"
- android:background="#aa111111"
- android:gravity="center_vertical"
- android:paddingLeft="15dp"
- android:text="hello"
- android:textColor="#ffffff"
- android:textSize="20sp"
- android:textStyle="bold">
- </TextView>
二、打造通用的ViewHolder——使能在外部获得ViewHolder、相关View控件、convertView
1、MainActiviy.java
同上
2、activity_main.xml
同上
3、ViewHolder.java
- /**
- * Created by jiatao on 2016/6/11.
- * 通用的ViewHolder
- * 1、ViewHolder的作用是通过convertView.setTag与convertView进行绑定,然后当convertView复用时,直接从与之对于的ViewHolder(getTag)中拿到convertView布局中的控件,省去了findViewById的时间;
- * 2、也就是说,实际上们每个convertView会绑定一个ViewHolder对象,这个viewHolder主要用于帮convertView存储布局中的控件;
- * 3、那么我们只要写出一个通用的ViewHolder,然后对于任意的convertView,提供一个对象让其setTag即可;
- * 4、既然是通用,那么我们这个ViewHolder就不可能含有各种控件的成员变量了,因为每个Item的布局是不同的,最好的方式是什么呢?
- * 5、提供一个容器,专门存每个Item布局中的所有控件,而且还要能够查找出来;既然需要查找,那么ListView肯定是不行了,需要一个键值对进行保存,键为控件的Id,值为控件的引用;
- * 6、相信大家立刻就能想到Map;但是我们不用Map,因为有更好的替代类,就是我们android提供的SparseArray这个类,和Map类似,但是比Map效率,不过键只能为Integer.
- */
- public class ViewHolder {
- private SparseArray<View> mViews;
- private View mConvertView;
- //构造函数
- private ViewHolder(Context context, int resLayoutId, ViewGroup parent) {
- this.mViews = new SparseArray<View>();
- this.mConvertView = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(resLayoutId, parent, false);
- this.mConvertView.setTag(this);
- }
- //获取一个ViewHolder
- public static ViewHolder getHolder(Context context, int resLayoutId, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
- if (convertView == null) {
- return new ViewHolder(context, resLayoutId, parent);
- }
- return (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
- }
- //通过控件的id获取对应的控件,如果没有则加入mViews;记住 <T extends View> T 这种用法
- public <T extends View> T getItemView(int viewId) {
- View view = mViews.get(viewId);
- if (view == null) {
- view = mConvertView.findViewById(viewId);
- mViews.put(viewId, view);
- }
- return (T) view;
- }
- //获得一个convertView
- public View getmConvertView() {
- return mConvertView;
- }
- }
4、MyAdapter.java
- /**
- * Created by jiatao on 2016/6/10.
- * 这是使用了通用的ViewHolder的适配器
- * 除了getView,其他方法都一样:
- * 1、调用ViewHolder的get方法:
- * 如果convertView为null,new一个ViewHolder实例,通过使用mInflater.inflate加载布局,然后new一个SparseArray用于存储View,最后setTag(this);
- * 如果存在那么直接getTag;
- * 2、通过getView(id)获取控件,如果存在则直接返回,否则调用findViewById,返回存储,返回。
- * 3、最后通过holder.getmConvertView()返回视图;
- */
- public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
- private LayoutInflater mLayoutInflater;
- private Context mContext;
- private List<String> mData;
- public MyAdapter(Context mContext, List<String> mData) {
- mLayoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);
- this.mContext = mContext;
- this.mData = mData;
- }
- @Override
- public int getCount() {
- return mData == null ? 0 : mData.size();
- }
- @Override
- public Object getItem(int position) {
- return mData.get(position);
- }
- @Override
- public long getItemId(int position) {
- return position;
- }
- @Override
- public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
- //实例化一个ViewHolder
- ViewHolder holder = ViewHolder.getHolder(mContext, R.layout.item_string_listview, convertView, parent);
- //获取控件
- TextView view = holder.getItemView(R.id.tv_title);
- //给控件赋值
- view.setText(mData.get(position));
- return holder.getmConvertView();
- }
- }
5、item_string_listview.xml
同上
三、初步打造通用的Adapter——通过泛型支持所有数据集合,抽取公共方法封装成抽象基类,对外开发getView方法
1、MainActiviy.java
同上
2、activity_main.xml
同上
3、ViewHolder.java
同上
4、ComAdapter.java
- /**
- * Created by jiatao on 2016/6/11.
- * 通用的适配器
- * 1、<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">ComAdapter</span><span style="font-size: 12px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">需要保持一个List对象,存储一个Bean的集合,不同的ListView,Bean肯定是不同的,这个ComAdapter肯定需要支持泛型,内部维持一个List<T></span>
- * 2、ComAdapter是一个抽象类,提取getView以外的方法,getView方法留给子类去实现
- */
- public abstract class ComAdapter<T> extends BaseAdapter {
- protected LayoutInflater mLayoutInflater;
- protected Context mContext;
- protected List<T> mData;
- public ComAdapter(Context mContext, List<T> mData) {
- mLayoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);
- this.mContext = mContext;
- this.mData = mData;
- }
- @Override
- public int getCount() {
- return mData == null ? 0 : mData.size();
- }
- @Override
- public Object getItem(int position) {
- return mData.get(position);
- }
- @Override
- public long getItemId(int position) {
- return position;
- }
- }
5、MyAdapter.java
- /**
- * Created by jiatao on 2016/6/11.
- * 继承ComAdapter抽象类,而且使用了通用的ViewHolder的适配器
- */
- public class MyAdapter<T> extends ComAdapter {
- public MyAdapter(Context mContext, List<T> mData){
- super(mContext, mData);
- }
- @Override
- public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
- //实例化一个ViewHolder
- ViewHolder holder = ViewHolder.getHolder(mContext, R.layout.item_string_listview, convertView, parent);
- //获取控件
- TextView view = holder.getItemView(R.id.tv_title);
- //给控件赋值
- view.setText((String) mData.get(position));
- return holder.getmConvertView();
- }
- }
6、item_string_listview.xml
同上
四、进一步打造通用的Adapter——使用匿名内部类获得适配器
1、MainActiviy.java
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
- private List<String> mData = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList("HongYang", "GuoLin", "RenYuGang", "Jiatao"));
- private Context context;
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- context = this;
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
- ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listview);
- //直接使用匿名内部类即可取得适配器
- ComAdapter mAdapter = new ComAdapter<String>(context, mData, R.layout.item_string_listview) {
- @Override
- public void convert(ViewHolder holder, String item) {//通过ViewHolder找到iew,通过Item设置值
- TextView view =holder.getItemView(R.id.tv_title);
- view.setText(item);
- }
- };
- listView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
- }
- }
2、activity_main.xml
同上
3、ViewHolder.java
同上
4、ComAdapter.java
- /**
- * Created by jiatao on 2016/6/11.
- * 通用的适配器
- * 1、所有的Adapter的第一行(ViewHolder viewHolder = getViewHolder(position, convertView,parent);)和 最后一行:return viewHolder.getConvertView();一定是一样的。
- * 2、那么我们可以这样做:我们把第一行和最后一行写死,把中间变化的部分抽取出来,这不就是OO的设计原则嘛。
- */
- public abstract class ComAdapter<T> extends BaseAdapter {
- protected LayoutInflater mLayoutInflater;
- protected Context mContext;
- protected List<T> mData;
- protected int mItemLayoutId;
- public ComAdapter(Context mContext, List<T> mData, int mItemLayoutId) {
- mLayoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);
- this.mContext = mContext;
- this.mData = mData;
- this.mItemLayoutId = mItemLayoutId;
- }
- @Override
- public int getCount() {
- return mData == null ? 0 : mData.size();
- }
- @Override
- public T getItem(int position) {
- return mData.get(position);
- }
- @Override
- public long getItemId(int position) {
- return position;
- }
- @Override
- public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
- //实例化一个ViewHolder
- ViewHolder holder = getViewHolder(position, convertView, parent);
- //使用对外公开的convert方法,通过ViewHolder把View找到,通过Item设置值
- convert(holder, getItem(position));
- return holder.getmConvertView();
- }
- private ViewHolder getViewHolder(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent){
- return ViewHolder.getHolder(mContext, mItemLayoutId, convertView, parent);
- }
- /**
- * 对外公布了一个convert方法,并且还把ViewHolder和本item对应的Bean对象给传出去
- * 现在convert方法里面需要干嘛呢?通过ViewHolder把View找到,通过Item设置值
- */
- public abstract void convert(ViewHolder holder, T item);
- }
5、MyAdapter.java
不再使用,删除即可
6、item_string_listview.xml
同上
五、打造终极版通用Adapter——进一步完善ViewHolder使匿名内部类中convert方法只需一行代码即能给对应的view赋值
1、MainActiviy.java
- /**
- * 通过匿名内部类获得适配器,适配内的convert方法只需一行代码即可为对应的view赋值
- */
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
- private List<String> mData = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList("HongYang", "GuoLin", "RenYuGang", "Jiatao"));
- private Context context;
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- context = this;
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
- ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listview);
- //直接使用匿名内部类即可取得适配器
- ComAdapter mAdapter = new ComAdapter<String>(context, mData, R.layout.item_string_listview) {
- @Override
- public void convert(ViewHolder holder, String item) {//通过ViewHolder找到view,通过Item设置值
- holder.setTextView(R.id.tv_title, item);//只需一行代码即可实现:给对应的view赋值
- }
- };
- listView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
- }
- }
2、activity_main.xml
同上
3、ViewHolder.java
- /**
- * Created by jiatao on 2016/6/11.
- * 通用的ViewHolder
- * 1、ViewHolder的作用是通过convertView.setTag与convertView进行绑定,然后当convertView复用时,直接从与之对于的ViewHolder(getTag)中拿到convertView布局中的控件,省去了findViewById的时间;
- * 2、也就是说,实际上们每个convertView会绑定一个ViewHolder对象,这个viewHolder主要用于帮convertView存储布局中的控件;
- * 3、那么我们只要写出一个通用的ViewHolder,然后对于任意的convertView,提供一个对象让其setTag即可;
- * 4、既然是通用,那么我们这个ViewHolder就不可能含有各种控件的成员变量了,因为每个Item的布局是不同的,最好的方式是什么呢?
- * 5、提供一个容器,专门存每个Item布局中的所有控件,而且还要能够查找出来;既然需要查找,那么ListView肯定是不行了,需要一个键值对进行保存,键为控件的Id,值为控件的引用;
- * 6、相信大家立刻就能想到Map;但是我们不用Map,因为有更好的替代类,就是我们android提供的SparseArray这个类,和Map类似,但是比Map效率,不过键只能为Integer.
- * <p/>
- * 最后的封装:
- * 我们现在在convertView里面需要这样:
- *
- * @Override public void convert(ViewHolder viewHolder, String item) {
- * TextView view = viewHolder.getView(R.id.id_tv_title);
- * view.setText(item);
- * }
- * 我们细想一下,其实布局里面的View常用也就那么几种:ImageView,TextView,Button,CheckBox等等;
- * 那么我觉得ViewHolder还可以封装一些常用的方法,比如setText(id,String);setImageResource(viewId, resId);setImageBitmap(viewId, bitmap);
- */
- public class ViewHolder {
- private SparseArray<View> mViews;
- private View mConvertView;
- //构造函数
- private ViewHolder(Context context, int resLayoutId, ViewGroup parent) {
- this.mViews = new SparseArray<View>();
- this.mConvertView = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(resLayoutId, parent, false);
- this.mConvertView.setTag(this);
- }
- //获取一个ViewHolder
- public static ViewHolder getHolder(Context context, int resLayoutId, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
- if (convertView == null) {
- return new ViewHolder(context, resLayoutId, parent);
- }
- return (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
- }
- //通过控件的id获取对应的控件,如果没有则加入mViews;记住 <T extends View> T 这种用法
- public <T extends View> T getItemView(int viewId) {
- View view = mViews.get(viewId);
- if (view == null) {
- view = mConvertView.findViewById(viewId);
- mViews.put(viewId, view);
- }
- return (T) view;
- }
- //获得一个convertView
- public View getmConvertView() {
- return mConvertView;
- }
- /**
- * 为TextView赋值
- */
- public ViewHolder setTextView(int viewId, String text) {
- TextView view = getItemView(viewId);
- view.setText(text);
- return this;
- }
- /**
- * 为ImageView赋值——drawableId
- */
- public ViewHolder setImageResource(int viewId, int drawableId) {
- ImageView view = getItemView(viewId);
- view.setImageResource(drawableId);
- return this;
- }
- /**
- * 为ImageView赋值——bitmap
- */
- public ViewHolder setImageBitmap(int viewId, Bitmap bitmap) {
- ImageView view = getItemView(viewId);
- view.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
- return this;
- }
- }
4、ComAdapter.java
同上5、MyAdapter.java
不再使用,删除即可
6、item_string_listview.xml
同上
六、实例运用
1、MainActiviy.java
- /**
- * 运用万能适配器实现复杂视图的实例
- */
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
- private List<ArticleBean> beanlist;
- private Context context;
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- context = this;
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
- ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listview);
- beanlist = new ArrayList<ArticleBean>();
- for(int i=1;i<10;i++){
- ArticleBean bean = new ArticleBean("文章"+i,"内容"+i+":周三早上丢失了红色钱包,在食堂二楼","2016060"+i,"1718013691"+i);
- beanlist.add(bean);
- }
- //直接使用匿名内部类即可取得适配器
- ComAdapter mAdapter = new ComAdapter<ArticleBean>(context, beanlist, R.layout.item_example_listview) {
- @Override
- public void convert(ViewHolder holder, ArticleBean item) {//通过ViewHolder找到view,通过Item设置值
- holder.setTextView(R.id.tv_title, item.getTitle());
- holder.setTextView(R.id.tv_describe, item.getContent());
- holder.setTextView(R.id.tv_time, item.getTime());
- holder.setTextView(R.id.tv_phone, item.getPhone());
- }
- };
- listView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
- }
- }
2、activity_main.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- tools:context=".act.MainActivity">
- <ListView
- android:id="@+id/listview"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent" />
- </RelativeLayout>
3、ViewHolder.java
- public class ViewHolder {
- private SparseArray<View> mViews;
- private View mConvertView;
- //构造函数
- private ViewHolder(Context context, int resLayoutId, ViewGroup parent) {
- this.mViews = new SparseArray<View>();
- this.mConvertView = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(resLayoutId, parent, false);
- this.mConvertView.setTag(this);
- }
- //获取一个ViewHolder
- public static ViewHolder getHolder(Context context, int resLayoutId, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
- if (convertView == null) {
- return new ViewHolder(context, resLayoutId, parent);
- }
- return (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
- }
- //通过控件的id获取对应的控件,如果没有则加入mViews;记住 <T extends View> T 这种用法
- public <T extends View> T getItemView(int viewId) {
- View view = mViews.get(viewId);
- if (view == null) {
- view = mConvertView.findViewById(viewId);
- mViews.put(viewId, view);
- }
- return (T) view;
- }
- //获得一个convertView
- public View getmConvertView() {
- return mConvertView;
- }
- /**
- * 为TextView赋值
- */
- public ViewHolder setTextView(int viewId, String text) {
- TextView view = getItemView(viewId);
- view.setText(text);
- return this;
- }
- /**
- * 为ImageView赋值——drawableId
- */
- public ViewHolder setImageResource(int viewId, int drawableId) {
- ImageView view = getItemView(viewId);
- view.setImageResource(drawableId);
- return this;
- }
- /**
- * 为ImageView赋值——bitmap
- */
- public ViewHolder setImageBitmap(int viewId, Bitmap bitmap) {
- ImageView view = getItemView(viewId);
- view.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
- return this;
- }
- }
4、ComAdapter.java
- public abstract class ComAdapter<T> extends BaseAdapter {
- protected LayoutInflater mLayoutInflater;
- protected Context mContext;
- protected List<T> mData;
- protected int mItemLayoutId;
- public ComAdapter(Context mContext, List<T> mData, int mItemLayoutId) {
- mLayoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);
- this.mContext = mContext;
- this.mData = mData;
- this.mItemLayoutId = mItemLayoutId;
- }
- @Override
- public int getCount() {
- return mData == null ? 0 : mData.size();
- }
- @Override
- public T getItem(int position) {
- return mData.get(position);
- }
- @Override
- public long getItemId(int position) {
- return position;
- }
- @Override
- public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
- //实例化一个ViewHolder
- ViewHolder holder = getViewHolder(position, convertView, parent);
- //使用对外公开的convert方法,通过ViewHolder把View找到,通过Item设置值
- convert(holder, getItem(position));
- return holder.getmConvertView();
- }
- private ViewHolder getViewHolder(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent){
- return ViewHolder.getHolder(mContext, mItemLayoutId, convertView, parent);
- }
- /**
- * 对外公布了一个convert方法,并且还把ViewHolder和本item对应的Bean对象给传出去
- * 现在convert方法里面需要干嘛呢?通过ViewHolder把View找到,通过Item设置值
- */
- public abstract void convert(ViewHolder holder, T item);
- }
5、item_string_listview.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:background="#ffffff"
- android:orientation="vertical"
- android:padding="10dp">
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/tv_title"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:singleLine="true"
- android:text="红色钱包"
- android:textColor="#444444"
- android:textSize="16sp"></TextView>
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/tv_describe"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_below="@id/tv_title"
- android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
- android:maxLines="2"
- android:minLines="1"
- android:text="周三早上丢失了红色钱包,在食堂二楼"
- android:textColor="#898989"
- android:textSize="16sp"></TextView>
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/tv_time"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_below="@id/tv_describe"
- android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
- android:text="20130240122"
- android:textColor="#898989"
- android:textSize="12sp"></TextView>
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/tv_phone"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
- android:layout_below="@id/tv_describe"
- android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
- android:background="#5cbe6c"
- android:drawableLeft="@mipmap/icon_photo"
- android:drawablePadding="5dp"
- android:paddingBottom="3dp"
- android:paddingLeft="5dp"
- android:paddingRight="5dp"
- android:paddingTop="3dp"
- android:text="138024249542"
- android:textColor="#ffffff"
- android:textSize="12sp"></TextView>
- </RelativeLayout>
运行结果如图:
-
顶
- 0
-
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