spring mvc @ResponseStatus和ResponseEntity

@ResponseStatus是标记一个方法或异常类在返回时响应的http状态。其代码注释如下：

*
* <p>The status code is applied to the HTTP response when the handler
* method is invoked and overrides status information set by other means,
* like {@code ResponseEntity} or {@code "redirect:"}.
*
* <p><strong>Warning</strong>: when using this annotation on an exception
* class, or when setting the {@code reason} attribute of this annotation,
* the {@code HttpServletResponse.sendError} method will be used.
*
* <p>With {@code HttpServletResponse.sendError}, the response is considered
* complete and should not be written to any further. Furthermore, the Servlet
* container will typically write an HTML error page therefore making the
* use of a {@code reason} unsuitable for REST APIs. For such cases it is
* preferable to use a {@link org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity} as
* a return type and avoid the use of {@code @ResponseStatus} altogether.
*
* <p>Note that a controller class may also be annotated with
* {@code @ResponseStatus} and is then inherited by all {@code @RequestMapping}
* methods.

@ResponseStatus可以结合@ResponseBody一起使用。

@RequestMapping("/testResponseBody")
@ResponseBody
public Map<String, String> testResponseBody(){
    return ImmutableMap.of("key", "value");
}


@RequestMapping("/testResponseBodyFaild")
@ResponseBody
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_IMPLEMENTED)
public Map<String, String> testResponseBodyFaild(){
    return ImmutableMap.of("key", "faild");
}

这两个handler方法返回的http状态码（http状态码）分别是200和501。

ResponseEntity是在org.springframework.http.HttpEntity的基础上添加了http状态码（http状态码），用于RestTemplate以及@Controller的HandlerMethod。它在控制器中或用于服务端响应时，作用是和@ResponseStatus与@ResponseBody结合起来的功能一样的。用于RestTemplate时，它是接收服务端返回的http状态码和reason的
代码。注释如下：

 * Extension of {@link HttpEntity} that adds a {@link HttpStatus} status code.
 * Used in {@code RestTemplate} as well {@code @Controller} methods.
 *
 * <p>In {@code RestTemplate}, this class is returned by
 * {@link org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate#getForEntity getForEntity()} and
 * {@link org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate#exchange exchange()}:
 * <pre class="code">
 * ResponseEntity&lt;String&gt; entity = template.getForEntity("http://example.com", String.class);
 * String body = entity.getBody();
 * MediaType contentType = entity.getHeaders().getContentType();
 * HttpStatus statusCode = entity.getStatusCode();
 * </pre>
 *
 * <p>Can also be used in Spring MVC, as the return value from a @Controller method:
 * <pre class="code">
 * &#64;RequestMapping("/handle")
 * public ResponseEntity&lt;String&gt; handle() {
 *   URI location = ...;
 *   HttpHeaders responseHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
 *   responseHeaders.setLocation(location);
 *   responseHeaders.set("MyResponseHeader", "MyValue");
 *   return new ResponseEntity&lt;String&gt;("Hello World", responseHeaders, HttpStatus.CREATED);
 * }
 * </pre>
 * Or, by using a builder accessible via static methods:
 * <pre class="code">
 * &#64;RequestMapping("/handle")
 * public ResponseEntity&lt;String&gt; handle() {
 *   URI location = ...;
 *   return ResponseEntity.created(location).header("MyResponseHeader", "MyValue").body("Hello World");
 * }
 * </pre>

ResponseEntity和@ResponseStatus一起使用是无效的

@RequestMapping("/testResponseEntity")
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, String>> testResponseEntity(){
    Map<String, String> map = ImmutableMap.of("key", "value");
    return ResponseEntity.ok(map);
}

@RequestMapping("/testResponseEntityFaild")
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_IMPLEMENTED)
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, String>> testResponseEntityFaild(){
    Map<String, String> map = ImmutableMap.of("key", "faild");
    return ResponseEntity.ok(map);
}


@RequestMapping("/testResponseEntityFaild2")
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, String>> testResponseEntityFaild2(){
    return ResponseEntity.badRequest().body(ImmutableMap.of("key", "faild"));
}

这三个处理程序方法返回的http状态码（http状态码）分别是200,200和400。

完整的代码的TestController

 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Created by saleson on 2017/5/5.
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class TestController {

    @RequestMapping("/testResponseEntity")
    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, String>> testResponseEntity(){
        Map<String, String> map = ImmutableMap.of("key", "value");
        return ResponseEntity.ok(map);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/testResponseEntityFaild")
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_IMPLEMENTED)
    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, String>> testResponseEntityFaild(){
        Map<String, String> map = ImmutableMap.of("key", "faild");
        return ResponseEntity.ok(map);
    }


    @RequestMapping("/testResponseEntityFaild2")
    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, String>> testResponseEntityFaild2(){
        return ResponseEntity.badRequest().body(ImmutableMap.of("key", "faild"));
    }


    @RequestMapping("/testResponseBody")
    @ResponseBody
    public Map<String, String> testResponseBody(){
        return ImmutableMap.of("key", "value");
    }

    @RequestMapping("/testResponseBodyFaild")
    @ResponseBody
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_IMPLEMENTED)
    public Map<String, String> testResponseBodyFaild(){
        return ImmutableMap.of("key", "faild");
    }
}

返回的http状态代码截图：

ResponseUtil的使用详情

1、Post请求

一般情况下，在非必须的情况下，使用Jquery实现post请求，而后台返回一般都需要手动封装ResponseUtil，和使用@ResponseBody注解来实现返回。

2、实例

1）前台代码：

[html]  view plain  copy

1. <script type="text/javascript" src="JQuery/jquery-3.2.1.js"></script>  

[javascript]  view plain  copy

1. function responseEntity(){  
2.     $.post("${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Test/responseEntity.do",{},function(data){  
3.         alert(data.message);  
4.     });  
5. }  

[html]  view plain  copy

1. <input id="responseEntityTest" type="button" value="request" onclick="responseEntity()">  

2）后台代码：

[java]  view plain  copy

1. @RequestMapping("/responseEntity.do")  
2. public ResponseEntity<Map<String,Object>> responseEntity(){  
3.     Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();  
4.     map.put("message", "Hello Wrold");  
5.     return new ResponseEntity<Map<String,Object>>(map, HttpStatus.OK);  
6. }  

返回实体中，第一个参数为返回的数据，相当于out.write(map.toString())，第二个参数是状态码，可以设置返回404，上述设置等价于返回200.

3、结果