关于Java中try-catch-finally-return的执行顺序

原文地址:http://qing0991.blog.51cto.com/1640542/1387200

1、try块中没有抛出异常,try、catch和finally块中都有return语句

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public  static  int  NoException(){
          int  i= 10 ;
          try {
            System.out.println( "i in try block is:" +i);
            return  --i;
          }
          catch (Exception e){
            --i;
            System.out.println( "i in catch - form try block is:" +i);
            return  --i;
          }
          finally {     
            System.out.println( "i in finally - from try or catch block is:" +i);
            return  --i;
          }  
}

运行代码:

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public  static  void  main( String [] args) {
         System.out.println( "=============NoException==================" );
         System.out.println(NoException());
         System.out.println( "===============================" );   
}

运行结果:

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=============NoException==================
in  try  block  is 10
in  finally  - from  try  or  catch  block  is 9
8
===============================


执行顺序:

   执行try块,执行到return语句时,先执行return的语句,--i,但是不返回到main方法,执行finally块,遇到finally块中的return语句,执行--i,并将值返回到main方法,这里就不会再回去返回try块中计算得到的值。

结论:try-catch-finally都有return语句时,没有异常时,返回值是finally中的return返回的。


2.try块中没有抛出异常,仅try和catch中有return语句

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public  static  int  NoException1(){
             int  i= 10 ;
             try {
                 System.out.println( "i in try block is:" +i);
                 return  --i;
             }
             catch (Exception e){
                 --i;
                 System.out.println( "i in catch - form try block is:" +i);
                 return  --i;
             }
             finally {           
                 System.out.println( "i in finally - from try or catch block is:" +i);
                 --i;
                 System.out.println( "i in finally block is:" +i);
                 //return --i;
             }
}

运行结果:

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=============NoException1==================
in  try  block  is 10
in  finally  - from  try  or  catch  block  is 9
in  finally  block  is 8
9
===============================

执行顺序:

   try中执行完return的语句后,不返回,执行finally块,finally块执行结束后,返回到try块中,返回i在try块中最后的值。

结论:try-catch都有return语句时,没有异常时,返回值是try中的return返回的。


3.try块中抛出异常,try、catch和finally中都有return语句

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public  static  int  WithException(){
             int  i= 10 ;
             try {
                 System.out.println( "i in try block is:" +i);
                 i = i/ 0 ;
                 return  --i;
             }
             catch (Exception e){
                 System.out.println( "i in catch - form try block is:" +i);
                 --i;
                 System.out.println( "i in catch block is:" +i);
                 return  --i;
             }
             finally {           
                 System.out.println( "i in finally - from try or catch block is--" +i);
                 --i;
                 System.out.println( "i in finally block is--" +i);
                 return  --i;
             }
}

执行结果:

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=============WithException==================
in  try  block  is 10
in  catch  - form  try  block  is 10
in  catch  block  is 9
in  finally  - from  try  or  catch  block  is -- 8
in  finally  block  is -- 7
6
===============================

执行顺序:

   抛出异常后,执行catch块,在catch块的return的--i执行完后,并不直接返回而是执行finally,因finally中有return语句,所以,执行,返回结果6。

结论:

   try块中抛出异常,try、catch和finally中都有return语句,返回值是finally中的return。


4.try块中抛出异常,try和catch中都有return语句

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public  static  int  WithException1(){
             int  i= 10 ;
             try {
                 System.out.println( "i in try block is:" +i);
                 i=i/ 0 ;
                 return  --i;
             } catch (Exception e){
                 System.out.println( "i in catch - form try block is:" +i);           
                 return  --i;
             } finally {
                                                                                                                                                                      
                 System.out.println( "i in finally - from try or catch block is:" +i);
                 --i;
                 System.out.println( "i in finally block is:" +i);
                 //return i;
             }
}

执行结果:

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=============WithException1==================
in  try  block  is 10
in  catch  - form  try  block  is 10
in  finally  - from  try  or  catch  block  is 9
in  finally  block  is 8
9
===============================

执行顺序:

   抛出异常后,执行catch块,执行完finally语句后,依旧返回catch中的执行return语句后的值,而不是finally中修改的值。

结论:

   返回的catch中return值。


5.try、catch中都出现异常,在finally中有返回

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public  static  int  WithException2(){
             int  i= 10 ;
             try {
                 System.out.println( "i in try block is:" +i);
                 i=i/ 0 ;
                 return  --i;
             }
             catch (Exception e){
                 System.out.println( "i in catch - form try block is:" +i);
                 int  j = i/ 0 ;
                 return  --i;
             }
             finally {
                                                                                       
                 System.out.println( "i in finally - from try or catch block is:" +i);
                 --i;
                 --i;
                 System.out.println( "i in finally block is:" +i);
                 return  --i;
}

执行结果:

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=============WithException2==================
in  try block  is :10
in  catch - form try block  is :10
in  finally -  from  try  or  catch block  is :10
in  finally block  is :8
7
===============================

执行顺序:   

   try块中出现异常到catch,catch中出现异常到finally,finally中执行到return语句返回,不检查异常。

结论:

   返回finally中return值。


6、只在函数最后出现return语句

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public  static  int  WithException3(){
             int  i= 10 ;
             try {
                 System.out.println( "i in try block is:" +i);
                 i=i/ 0 ;
                 //return --i;
             }
             catch (Exception e){
                 System.out.println( "i in catch - form try block is:" +i);
                 //int j = i/0;
                 //return --i;
             }
             finally {
                                                                          
                 System.out.println( "i in finally - from try or catch block is:" +i);
                 --i;
                 --i;
                 System.out.println( "i in finally block is:" +i);
                 //return --i;
             }
             return  --i;
}

执行结果:

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=============WithException3==================
in  try  block  is 10
in  catch  - form  try  block  is 10
in  finally  - from  try  or  catch  block  is 10
in  finally  block  is 8
7
===============================


总体结论:

结论一:

   return语句并不是函数的最终出口,如果有finally语句,这在return之后还会执行finally(return的值会暂存在栈里面,等待finally执行后再返回)
结论二:

   finally里面不建议放return语句,根据需要,return语句可以放在try和catch里面和函数的最后。可行的做法有四:
   (1) return语句只在函数最后出现一次
   (2)return语句仅在try和catch里面都出现。
   (3)return语句仅在try和函数的最后都出现。
   (4)return语句仅在catch和函数的最后都出现。
   注意,除此之外的其他做法都是不可行的,编译器会报错。



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