常用 OpenSSL命令汇总

怎么用openSSL生成证书和私钥等.


    Generate a new private key and Certificate Signing Request


    openssl req -out CSR.csr -new -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout privateKey.key


    Generate a self-signed certificate (see How to Create and Install an Apache Self Signed Certificate for more info)


    openssl req -x509 -sha256 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout privateKey.key -out certificate.crt


    Generate a certificate signing request (CSR) for an existing private key


    openssl req -out CSR.csr -key privateKey.key -new


    Generate a certificate signing request based on an existing certificate


    openssl x509 -x509toreq -in certificate.crt -out CSR.csr -signkey privateKey.key


    Remove a passphrase from a private key


    openssl rsa -in privateKey.pem -out newPrivateKey.pem


怎么用OpenSSL查看证书


If you need to check the information within a Certificate, CSR or Private Key, use these commands. You can also check CSRs and check certificates using our online tools.


    Check a Certificate Signing Request (CSR)


    openssl req -text -noout -verify -in CSR.csr


    Check a private key


    openssl rsa -in privateKey.key -check


    Check a certificate


    openssl x509 -in certificate.crt -text -noout


    Check a PKCS#12 file (.pfx or .p12)


    openssl pkcs12 -info -in keyStore.p12


怎么用OpenSSL调试


If you are receiving an error that the private doesn't match the certificate or that a certificate that you installed to a site is not trusted, try one of these commands. If you are trying to verify that an SSL certificate is installed correctly, be sure to check out the SSL Checker.


    Check an MD5 hash of the public key to ensure that it matches with what is in a CSR or private key


    openssl x509 -noout -modulus -in certificate.crt | openssl md5
    openssl rsa -noout -modulus -in privateKey.key | openssl md5
    openssl req -noout -modulus -in CSR.csr | openssl md5


    Check an SSL connection. All the certificates (including Intermediates) should be displayed


    openssl s_client -connect www.paypal.com:443


怎么用OpenSSL转换证书


These commands allow you to convert certificates and keys to different formats to make them compatible with specific types of servers or software. For example, you can convert a normal PEM file that would work with Apache to a PFX (PKCS#12) file and use it with Tomcat or IIS. Use our SSL Converter to convert certificates without messing with OpenSSL.


    Convert a DER file (.crt .cer .der) to PEM


    openssl x509 -inform der -in certificate.cer -out certificate.pem


    Convert a PEM file to DER


    openssl x509 -outform der -in certificate.pem -out certificate.der


    Convert a PKCS#12 file (.pfx .p12) containing a private key and certificates to PEM


    openssl pkcs12 -in keyStore.pfx -out keyStore.pem -nodes


    You can add -nocerts to only output the private key or add -nokeys to only output the certificates.
    Convert a PEM certificate file and a private key to PKCS#12 (.pfx .p12)


    openssl pkcs12 -export -out certificate.pfx -inkey privateKey.key -in certificate.crt -certfile CACert.crt