Android 调用相机拍摄照片或者从相册选取照片

【参考资料 《第一行代码》】

//MainActivity.java
package com.lfork.a98620.cameraalbumtest;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.provider.DocumentsContract;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.FileProvider;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    public static final int TAKE_PHOTO = 1;
    public static final int CHOOSE_PHOTO = 2;
    private ImageView picture;
    private Uri imageUri;
    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Button takePhoto = (Button) findViewById(R.id.take_photo);
        Button chooseFromAlbum = (Button) findViewById(R.id.choose_from_album);
        picture = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.picture);
        takePhoto.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //创建file对象用于储存拍摄的照片
                File outputImage = new File(getExternalCacheDir(), "output_image.jpg");

                try{
                    if (outputImage.exists()){
                        outputImage.delete();
                    }
                    outputImage.createNewFile();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
                    imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this, "com.lfork.a98620.cameraalbumtest.fileprovider", outputImage);
                } else {
                    imageUri = Uri.fromFile(outputImage);
                }

                //启动相机程序
                Intent intent = new Intent("android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE");
                //将url关联到相机拍摄的图片上面
                intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri);
                startActivityForResult(intent, TAKE_PHOTO);
            }
        });

        chooseFromAlbum.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

                    //6.0及以上的系统在使用危险权限的时候必须进行运行时权限处理
                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 1);

                } else {
                    openAlbum();
                }
            }
        });
    }

    private void openAlbum() {
        Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.GET_CONTENT");
        intent.setType("image/*");
        startActivityForResult(intent, CHOOSE_PHOTO);
    }


    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case 1:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    openAlbum();
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "You denied the permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        switch (requestCode){
            case TAKE_PHOTO:
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK){
                    try{
                        //将照片显示出来
                        //getContentResolver  根据传入的和uri相关联的数据  来访问指定的内容提供器当中的内容
                        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(getContentResolver().openInputStream(imageUri));
                        picture.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                break;
            case CHOOSE_PHOTO:
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
                    //判断手机系统版本号
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 19) {
                        //4.4及以上版本使用这个方法处理图片
                        handleImageOnKitKat(data);
                    } else {
                        handleImageBeforeKitKat(data);
                    }
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }


    private void handleImageOnKitKat(Intent data) {
        String imagePath = null;
        Uri uri = data.getData();
        if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(this, uri)) {
            //如果是document 类型的uri  ， 则通过document id 处理
            String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
            if ("com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())){
                String id = docId.split(":")[1];  //解析出数字格式的id
                String selection = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=" + id;
                imagePath = getImagePath(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, selection);

            } else if ("com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())){
                Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads//public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(docId));
                imagePath = getImagePath(contentUri, null);
            }
        } else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())){
            //如果是Content类型的Uri 则通过普通的方式处理
            imagePath = getImagePath(uri, null);
        } else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            //如果是file类型的Uri ，直接获取图片路径即可
            imagePath = uri.getPath();
        }
        displayImage(imagePath);//根据图片路径显示图片;
    }

    private void handleImageBeforeKitKat(Intent data) {
        Uri uri = data.getData();
        String imagePath = getImagePath(uri, null);
        displayImage(imagePath);
    }
    private String getImagePath(Uri uri, String selection) {
        String path = null;
        //通过Uri 和 selection 来获取真实的图片路径
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri, null, selection, null, null);
        if (cursor != null) {
            if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA));
            }
            cursor.close();
        }
        return path;
    }

    private void displayImage(String imagePath) {
        Log.d(TAG, "displayImage: test");
        if (imagePath != null) {
            Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imagePath);
            picture.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "failed to get image", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }

    }

}

布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.lfork.a98620.cameraalbumtest.MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/take_photo"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/take_photo"
        />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/choose_from_album"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/choose_from_album"
        />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/picture"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"/>


</LinearLayout>

权限设置和内容提供器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.lfork.a98620.cameraalbumtest">

    <!--为了兼容Android 4.4以前的程序 这里需要设置 SD卡访问权限-->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <provider
            android:authorities="com.lfork.a98620.cameraalbumtest.fileprovider"
            android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/file_paths"/>
        </provider>
    </application>

</manifest>

内容提供器共享路径  

file_paths

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <external-path name="my_images" path=""/>
</paths>