java 常见几种发送http请求案例

<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">import java.io.BufferedReader;</span>

1. import java.io.FileOutputStream;

2. import java.io.IOException;

3. import java.io.InputStream;

4. import java.io.InputStreamReader;

5. import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;

6. import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

7. import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

8. import java.net.Socket;

9. import java.net.URL;

10. import java.net.URLConnection;

11. import java.net.URLEncoder;

12. import java.util.ArrayList;

13. import java.util.HashMap;

14. import java.util.Iterator;

15. import java.util.List;

16. import java.util.Map;

17. import java.util.Map.Entry;

18.  

19. import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;

20. import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;

21. import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;

22. import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;

23. import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;

24. import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

25. import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

26. import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

27.  

28. /**

29. * @Description:发送http请求帮助类

30. * @author:liuyc

31. * @time:2016年5月17日 下午3:25:32

32. */

33. public class HttpClientHelper {

34. /**

35. * @Description:使用HttpURLConnection发送post请求

36. * @author:liuyc

37. * @time:2016年5月17日 下午3:26:07

38. */

39. public static String sendPost(String urlParam, Map<String, Object> params, String charset) {

40. StringBuffer resultBuffer = null;

41. // 构建请求参数

42. StringBuffer sbParams = new StringBuffer();

43. if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {

44. for (Entry<String, Object> e : params.entrySet()) {

45. sbParams.append(e.getKey());

46. sbParams.append("=");

47. sbParams.append(e.getValue());

48. sbParams.append("&");

49. }

50. }

51. HttpURLConnection con = null;

52. OutputStreamWriter osw = null;

53. BufferedReader br = null;

54. // 发送请求

55. try {

56. URL url = new URL(urlParam);

57. con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

58. con.setRequestMethod("POST");

59. con.setDoOutput(true);

60. con.setDoInput(true);

61. con.setUseCaches(false);

62. con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

63. if (sbParams != null && sbParams.length() > 0) {

64. osw = new OutputStreamWriter(con.getOutputStream(), charset);

65. osw.write(sbParams.substring(0, sbParams.length() - 1));

66. osw.flush();

67. }

68. // 读取返回内容

69. resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();

70. int contentLength = Integer.parseInt(con.getHeaderField("Content-Length"));

71. if (contentLength > 0) {

72. br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream(), charset));

73. String temp;

74. while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {

75. resultBuffer.append(temp);

76. }

77. }

78. } catch (Exception e) {

79. throw new RuntimeException(e);

80. } finally {

81. if (osw != null) {

82. try {

83. osw.close();

84. } catch (IOException e) {

85. osw = null;

86. throw new RuntimeException(e);

87. } finally {

88. if (con != null) {

89. con.disconnect();

90. con = null;

91. }

92. }

93. }

94. if (br != null) {

95. try {

96. br.close();

97. } catch (IOException e) {

98. br = null;

99. throw new RuntimeException(e);

100. } finally {

101. if (con != null) {

102. con.disconnect();

103. con = null;

104. }

105. }

106. }

107. }

108.  

109. return resultBuffer.toString();

110. }

111.  

112. /**

113. * @Description:使用URLConnection发送post

114. * @author:liuyc

115. * @time:2016年5月17日 下午3:26:52

116. */

117. public static String sendPost2(String urlParam, Map<String, Object> params, String charset) {

118. StringBuffer resultBuffer = null;

119. // 构建请求参数

120. StringBuffer sbParams = new StringBuffer();

121. if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {

122. for (Entry<String, Object> e : params.entrySet()) {

123. sbParams.append(e.getKey());

124. sbParams.append("=");

125. sbParams.append(e.getValue());

126. sbParams.append("&");

127. }

128. }

129. URLConnection con = null;

130. OutputStreamWriter osw = null;

131. BufferedReader br = null;

132. try {

133. URL realUrl = new URL(urlParam);

134. // 打开和URL之间的连接

135. con = realUrl.openConnection();

136. // 设置通用的请求属性

137. con.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");

138. con.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");

139. con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

140. con.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");

141. // 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行

142. con.setDoOutput(true);

143. con.setDoInput(true);

144. // 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流

145. osw = new OutputStreamWriter(con.getOutputStream(), charset);

146. if (sbParams != null && sbParams.length() > 0) {

147. // 发送请求参数

148. osw.write(sbParams.substring(0, sbParams.length() - 1));

149. // flush输出流的缓冲

150. osw.flush();

151. }

152. // 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应

153. resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();

154. int contentLength = Integer.parseInt(con.getHeaderField("Content-Length"));

155. if (contentLength > 0) {

156. br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream(), charset));

157. String temp;

158. while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {

159. resultBuffer.append(temp);

160. }

161. }

162. } catch (Exception e) {

163. throw new RuntimeException(e);

164. } finally {

165. if (osw != null) {

166. try {

167. osw.close();

168. } catch (IOException e) {

169. osw = null;

170. throw new RuntimeException(e);

171. }

172. }

173. if (br != null) {

174. try {

175. br.close();

176. } catch (IOException e) {

177. br = null;

178. throw new RuntimeException(e);

179. }

180. }

181. }

182. return resultBuffer.toString();

183. }

184.  

185. /**

186. * @Description:发送get请求保存下载文件

187. * @author:liuyc

188. * @time:2016年5月17日 下午3:27:29

189. */

190. public static void sendGetAndSaveFile(String urlParam, Map<String, Object> params, String fileSavePath) {

191. // 构建请求参数

192. StringBuffer sbParams = new StringBuffer();

193. if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {

194. for (Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {

195. sbParams.append(entry.getKey());

196. sbParams.append("=");

197. sbParams.append(entry.getValue());

198. sbParams.append("&");

199. }

200. }

201. HttpURLConnection con = null;

202. BufferedReader br = null;

203. FileOutputStream os = null;

204. try {

205. URL url = null;

206. if (sbParams != null && sbParams.length() > 0) {

207. url = new URL(urlParam + "?" + sbParams.substring(0, sbParams.length() - 1));

208. } else {

209. url = new URL(urlParam);

210. }

211. con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

212. con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

213. con.connect();

214. InputStream is = con.getInputStream();

215. os = new FileOutputStream(fileSavePath);

216. byte buf[] = new byte[1024];

217. int count = 0;

218. while ((count = is.read(buf)) != -1) {

219. os.write(buf, 0, count);

220. }

221. os.flush();

222. } catch (Exception e) {

223. throw new RuntimeException(e);

224. } finally {

225. if (os != null) {

226. try {

227. os.close();

228. } catch (IOException e) {

229. os = null;

230. throw new RuntimeException(e);

231. } finally {

232. if (con != null) {

233. con.disconnect();

234. con = null;

235. }

236. }

237. }

238. if (br != null) {

239. try {

240. br.close();

241. } catch (IOException e) {

242. br = null;

243. throw new RuntimeException(e);

244. } finally {

245. if (con != null) {

246. con.disconnect();

247. con = null;

248. }

249. }

250. }

251. }

252. }

253.  

254. /**

255. * @Description:使用HttpURLConnection发送get请求

256. * @author:liuyc

257. * @time:2016年5月17日 下午3:27:29

258. */

259. public static String sendGet(String urlParam, Map<String, Object> params, String charset) {

260. StringBuffer resultBuffer = null;

261. // 构建请求参数

262. StringBuffer sbParams = new StringBuffer();

263. if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {

264. for (Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {

265. sbParams.append(entry.getKey());

266. sbParams.append("=");

267. sbParams.append(entry.getValue());

268. sbParams.append("&");

269. }

270. }

271. HttpURLConnection con = null;

272. BufferedReader br = null;

273. try {

274. URL url = null;

275. if (sbParams != null && sbParams.length() > 0) {

276. url = new URL(urlParam + "?" + sbParams.substring(0, sbParams.length() - 1));

277. } else {

278. url = new URL(urlParam);

279. }

280. con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

281. con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

282. con.connect();

283. resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();

284. br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream(), charset));

285. String temp;

286. while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {

287. resultBuffer.append(temp);

288. }

289. } catch (Exception e) {

290. throw new RuntimeException(e);

291. } finally {

292. if (br != null) {

293. try {

294. br.close();

295. } catch (IOException e) {

296. br = null;

297. throw new RuntimeException(e);

298. } finally {

299. if (con != null) {

300. con.disconnect();

301. con = null;

302. }

303. }

304. }

305. }

306. return resultBuffer.toString();

307. }

308.  

309. /**

310. * @Description:使用URLConnection发送get请求

311. * @author:liuyc

312. * @time:2016年5月17日 下午3:27:58

313. */

314. public static String sendGet2(String urlParam, Map<String, Object> params, String charset) {

315. StringBuffer resultBuffer = null;

316. // 构建请求参数

317. StringBuffer sbParams = new StringBuffer();

318. if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {

319. for (Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {

320. sbParams.append(entry.getKey());

321. sbParams.append("=");

322. sbParams.append(entry.getValue());

323. sbParams.append("&");

324. }

325. }

326. BufferedReader br = null;

327. try {

328. URL url = null;

329. if (sbParams != null && sbParams.length() > 0) {

330. url = new URL(urlParam + "?" + sbParams.substring(0, sbParams.length() - 1));

331. } else {

332. url = new URL(urlParam);

333. }

334. URLConnection con = url.openConnection();

335. // 设置请求属性

336. con.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");

337. con.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");

338. con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

339. con.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");

340. // 建立连接

341. con.connect();

342. resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();

343. br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream(), charset));

344. String temp;

345. while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {

346. resultBuffer.append(temp);

347. }

348. } catch (Exception e) {

349. throw new RuntimeException(e);

350. } finally {

351. if (br != null) {

352. try {

353. br.close();

354. } catch (IOException e) {

355. br = null;

356. throw new RuntimeException(e);

357. }

358. }

359. }

360. return resultBuffer.toString();

361. }

362.  

363. /**

364. * @Description:使用HttpClient发送post请求

365. * @author:liuyc

366. * @time:2016年5月17日 下午3:28:23

367. */

368. public static String httpClientPost(String urlParam, Map<String, Object> params, String charset) {

369. StringBuffer resultBuffer = null;

370. HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();

371. HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(urlParam);

372. // 构建请求参数

373. List<NameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();

374. Iterator<Entry<String, Object>> iterator = params.entrySet().iterator();

375. while (iterator.hasNext()) {

376. Entry<String, Object> elem = iterator.next();

377. list.add(new BasicNameValuePair(elem.getKey(), String.valueOf(elem.getValue())));

378. }

379. BufferedReader br = null;

380. try {

381. if (list.size() > 0) {

382. UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list, charset);

383. httpPost.setEntity(entity);

384. }

385. HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost);

386. // 读取服务器响应数据

387. resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();

388. br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getEntity().getContent()));

389. String temp;

390. while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {

391. resultBuffer.append(temp);

392. }

393. } catch (Exception e) {

394. throw new RuntimeException(e);

395. } finally {

396. if (br != null) {

397. try {

398. br.close();

399. } catch (IOException e) {

400. br = null;

401. throw new RuntimeException(e);

402. }

403. }

404. }

405. return resultBuffer.toString();

406. }

407.  

408. /**

409. * @Description:使用HttpClient发送get请求

410. * @author:liuyc

411. * @time:2016年5月17日 下午3:28:56

412. */

413. public static String httpClientGet(String urlParam, Map<String, Object> params, String charset) {

414. StringBuffer resultBuffer = null;

415. HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();

416. BufferedReader br = null;

417. // 构建请求参数

418. StringBuffer sbParams = new StringBuffer();

419. if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {

420. for (Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {

421. sbParams.append(entry.getKey());

422. sbParams.append("=");

423. try {

424. sbParams.append(URLEncoder.encode(String.valueOf(entry.getValue()), charset));

425. } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

426. throw new RuntimeException(e);

427. }

428. sbParams.append("&");

429. }

430. }

431. if (sbParams != null && sbParams.length() > 0) {

432. urlParam = urlParam + "?" + sbParams.substring(0, sbParams.length() - 1);

433. }

434. HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(urlParam);

435. try {

436. HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpGet);

437. // 读取服务器响应数据

438. br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getEntity().getContent()));

439. String temp;

440. resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();

441. while ((temp = br.readLine()) != null) {

442. resultBuffer.append(temp);

443. }

444. } catch (Exception e) {

445. throw new RuntimeException(e);

446. } finally {

447. if (br != null) {

448. try {

449. br.close();

450. } catch (IOException e) {

451. br = null;

452. throw new RuntimeException(e);

453. }

454. }

455. }

456. return resultBuffer.toString();

457. }

458.  

459. /**

460. * @Description:使用socket发送post请求

461. * @author:liuyc

462. * @time:2016年5月18日 上午9:26:22

463. */

464. public static String sendSocketPost(String urlParam, Map<String, Object> params, String charset) {

465. String result = "";

466. // 构建请求参数

467. StringBuffer sbParams = new StringBuffer();

468. if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {

469. for (Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {

470. sbParams.append(entry.getKey());

471. sbParams.append("=");

472. sbParams.append(entry.getValue());

473. sbParams.append("&");

474. }

475. }

476. Socket socket = null;

477. OutputStreamWriter osw = null;

478. InputStream is = null;

479. try {

480. URL url = new URL(urlParam);

481. String host = url.getHost();

482. int port = url.getPort();

483. if (-1 == port) {

484. port = 80;

485. }

486. String path = url.getPath();

487. socket = new Socket(host, port);

488. StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

489. sb.append("POST " + path + " HTTP/1.1\r\n");

490. sb.append("Host: " + host + "\r\n");

491. sb.append("Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n");

492. sb.append("Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8 \r\n");

493. sb.append("Content-Length: ").append(sb.toString().getBytes().length).append("\r\n");

494. // 这里一个回车换行，表示消息头写完，不然服务器会继续等待

495. sb.append("\r\n");

496. if (sbParams != null && sbParams.length() > 0) {

497. sb.append(sbParams.substring(0, sbParams.length() - 1));

498. }

499. osw = new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream());

500. osw.write(sb.toString());

501. osw.flush();

502. is = socket.getInputStream();

503. String line = null;

504. // 服务器响应体数据长度

505. int contentLength = 0;

506. // 读取http响应头部信息

507. do {

508. line = readLine(is, 0, charset);

509. if (line.startsWith("Content-Length")) {

510. // 拿到响应体内容长度

511. contentLength = Integer.parseInt(line.split(":")[1].trim());

512. }

513. // 如果遇到了一个单独的回车换行，则表示请求头结束

514. } while (!line.equals("\r\n"));

515. // 读取出响应体数据（就是你要的数据）

516. result = readLine(is, contentLength, charset);

517. } catch (Exception e) {

518. throw new RuntimeException(e);

519. } finally {

520. if (osw != null) {

521. try {

522. osw.close();

523. } catch (IOException e) {

524. osw = null;

525. throw new RuntimeException(e);

526. } finally {

527. if (socket != null) {

528. try {

529. socket.close();

530. } catch (IOException e) {

531. socket = null;

532. throw new RuntimeException(e);

533. }

534. }

535. }

536. }

537. if (is != null) {

538. try {

539. is.close();

540. } catch (IOException e) {

541. is = null;

542. throw new RuntimeException(e);

543. } finally {

544. if (socket != null) {

545. try {

546. socket.close();

547. } catch (IOException e) {

548. socket = null;

549. throw new RuntimeException(e);

550. }

551. }

552. }

553. }

554. }

555. return result;

556. }

557.  

558. /**

559. * @Description:使用socket发送get请求

560. * @author:liuyc

561. * @time:2016年5月18日 上午9:27:18

562. */

563. public static String sendSocketGet(String urlParam, Map<String, Object> params, String charset) {

564. String result = "";

565. // 构建请求参数

566. StringBuffer sbParams = new StringBuffer();

567. if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {

568. for (Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {

569. sbParams.append(entry.getKey());

570. sbParams.append("=");

571. sbParams.append(entry.getValue());

572. sbParams.append("&");

573. }

574. }

575. Socket socket = null;

576. OutputStreamWriter osw = null;

577. InputStream is = null;

578. try {

579. URL url = new URL(urlParam);

580. String host = url.getHost();

581. int port = url.getPort();

582. if (-1 == port) {

583. port = 80;

584. }

585. String path = url.getPath();

586. socket = new Socket(host, port);

587. StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

588. sb.append("GET " + path + " HTTP/1.1\r\n");

589. sb.append("Host: " + host + "\r\n");

590. sb.append("Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n");

591. sb.append("Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8 \r\n");

592. sb.append("Content-Length: ").append(sb.toString().getBytes().length).append("\r\n");

593. // 这里一个回车换行，表示消息头写完，不然服务器会继续等待

594. sb.append("\r\n");

595. if (sbParams != null && sbParams.length() > 0) {

596. sb.append(sbParams.substring(0, sbParams.length() - 1));

597. }

598. osw = new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream());

599. osw.write(sb.toString());

600. osw.flush();

601. is = socket.getInputStream();

602. String line = null;

603. // 服务器响应体数据长度

604. int contentLength = 0;

605. // 读取http响应头部信息

606. do {

607. line = readLine(is, 0, charset);

608. if (line.startsWith("Content-Length")) {

609. // 拿到响应体内容长度

610. contentLength = Integer.parseInt(line.split(":")[1].trim());

611. }

612. // 如果遇到了一个单独的回车换行，则表示请求头结束

613. } while (!line.equals("\r\n"));

614. // 读取出响应体数据（就是你要的数据）

615. result = readLine(is, contentLength, charset);

616. } catch (Exception e) {

617. throw new RuntimeException(e);

618. } finally {

619. if (osw != null) {

620. try {

621. osw.close();

622. } catch (IOException e) {

623. osw = null;

624. throw new RuntimeException(e);

625. } finally {

626. if (socket != null) {

627. try {

628. socket.close();

629. } catch (IOException e) {

630. socket = null;

631. throw new RuntimeException(e);

632. }

633. }

634. }

635. }

636. if (is != null) {

637. try {

638. is.close();

639. } catch (IOException e) {

640. is = null;

641. throw new RuntimeException(e);

642. } finally {

643. if (socket != null) {

644. try {

645. socket.close();

646. } catch (IOException e) {

647. socket = null;

648. throw new RuntimeException(e);

649. }

650. }

651. }

652. }

653. }

654. return result;

655. }

656.  

657. /**

658. * @Description:读取一行数据，contentLe内容长度为0时，读取响应头信息，不为0时读正文

659. * @time:2016年5月17日 下午6:11:07

660. */

661. private static String readLine(InputStream is, int contentLength, String charset) throws IOException {

662. List<Byte> lineByte = new ArrayList<Byte>();

663. byte tempByte;

664. int cumsum = 0;

665. if (contentLength != 0) {

666. do {

667. tempByte = (byte) is.read();

668. lineByte.add(Byte.valueOf(tempByte));

669. cumsum++;

670. } while (cumsum < contentLength);// cumsum等于contentLength表示已读完

671. } else {

672. do {

673. tempByte = (byte) is.read();

674. lineByte.add(Byte.valueOf(tempByte));

675. } while (tempByte != 10);// 换行符的ascii码值为10

676. }

677.  

678. byte[] resutlBytes = new byte[lineByte.size()];

679. for (int i = 0; i < lineByte.size(); i++) {

680. resutlBytes[i] = (lineByte.get(i)).byteValue();

681. }

682. return new String(resutlBytes, charset);

683. }

684.  

685. }

以上4种分别可发送get和post请求的方法，第1种：HttpURLConnection、第2种：URLConnection、第3种：HttpClient、第4种：Socket，朋友们要注意的是，使用第3种HttpClient时需要依赖于三个jar包，分别是：apache-httpcomponents-httpclient.jar、commons-logging-1.0.4.jar、httpcore-4.1.1.jar。好了就到这里吧，有问题记得留言哦