54.螺旋读取数组

Spiral Matrix

问题描述：

Given a matrix of m x n elements (m rows, n columns), return all elements of the matrix in spiral order.

For example,
Given the following matrix:

[
 [ 1, 2, 3 ],
 [ 4, 5, 6 ],
 [ 7, 8, 9 ]
]

知识补充：

zip函数

a = [1,2,3]
b = [4,5,6]
ab = zip(a,b)
>>>[(1,4),(2,5),(3,6)]//生成这样的元组
zip(*ab)
>>>[[1,2,3],[4,5,6]]//相当于变回原样

数组逆序

a = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6]]
a[::-1]
>>>[[4,5,6],[1,2,3]//相当于把数组按逆序重组

测试代码（c++）：

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> spiralOrder(vector<vector<int>>& matrix) {
        if (matrix.empty()) return {};
        vector<int> result;
        int right=matrix[0].size()-1,left=0,up=0,down=matrix.size()-1;
        while(true)
        {
            for(int i=left;i<=right;i++)
            {
                result.push_back(matrix[up][i]);
            }
            if(up==down)
                break;
            up++;
            for(int i=up;i<=down;i++)
            {
                result.push_back(matrix[i][right]);
            }
            if(right==left)
                break;
            right--;
            for(int i=right;i>=left;i--)
            {
                result.push_back(matrix[down][i]);
            }
            if(up==down)
                break;
            down--;  
            for(int i=down;i>=up;i--)
            {
                result.push_back(matrix[i][left]);
            }
            if(right==left)
                break;
            left++;          
        }
        return result;
    }
};

性能：

参考答案（python）：

return matrix and list(matrix.pop(0)) + self.spiralOrder(zip(*matrix)[::-1])

性能：