spring动态切换数据源

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-28 18:56:18 发布

long_far

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-28 18:56:18 发布

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文章标签：数据库 spring

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/aaaaa2428572/article/details/108381009

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主从架构

我们一般在应对高负载的情况，会将数据库设计为主从架构，主（master）负责完成负载比较小的数据修改，从（salve）负责完成负责比较大的数据查询。

dependencies

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

springboot mybatis-plus配置主从

mybatis-plus优势是可以实现像jpa一样完全的零xml开发dao层，并且这个框架只做增强，不影响mybatis原有的任何特性以及功能。

springboot yml文件配置

spring:
  datasource:
    slave:
      url: jdbc:mysql://XXXXX:3306/master?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC&useSSL=false
      username: root
      password: root
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    master:
      url: jdbc:mysql://XXXXX:3306/master?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC&useSSL=false
      username: root
      password: root
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

动态DataSource配置

package com.xupp.springbootmybatis.config;
import com.alibaba.druid.spring.boot.autoconfigure.DruidDataSourceBuilder;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.autoconfigure.MybatisPlusProperties;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.MybatisConfiguration;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.PaginationInterceptor;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.spring.MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.apache.ibatis.mapping.DatabaseIdProvider;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.mybatis.spring.boot.autoconfigure.MybatisProperties;
import org.omg.PortableInterceptor.Interceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
import org.springframework.core.io.DefaultResourceLoader;
import org.springframework.core.io.ResourceLoader;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class MyDataSource {

    // 主库数据源
    @Bean
    @ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.master")
    public DataSource masterDataSource() {
        return DruidDataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    // 从库数据源
    @Bean
    @ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.slave")
    public DataSource slaveDataSource() {
        return DruidDataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    // 数据源路由
    @Bean
    public DataSource dynamicDatasource() {
        Map<Object, Object> dataSourceMap = new HashMap<>();
        dataSourceMap.put(MultipleDataSourceHelper.MASTER, masterDataSource());
        dataSourceMap.put(MultipleDataSourceHelper.SLAVE, slaveDataSource());
        DynamicDataSource dds = new DynamicDataSource();
        dds.setTargetDataSources(dataSourceMap);
        dds.setDefaultTargetDataSource(masterDataSource());
        return dds;
    }

}

配置多数据源的选择器

public class MultipleDataSourceHelper {

    public static final String MASTER = "master";
    public static final String SLAVE = "slave";

    private static ThreadLocal<String> contextHolder = new ThreadLocal<>();

    public static void set(String db) {
        contextHolder.set(db);
    }

    public static String get() {
        return contextHolder.get();
    }

}

mybatis配置sqlsessionfactor

package com.xupp.springbootmybatis.config;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.spring.MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
@Configuration
public class MybatisConfig {

    @Autowired
    private DataSource dynamicDatasource;

    @Bean
    public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory() throws Exception {
        //注意这里必须使用mybatis-plus提供的sessionfactor否则，mybatis-plus无法生效
        MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean();
        // 给mybatis指定上面配置好的动态数据源
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dynamicDatasource);
        return sqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject();
    }
}

定义实体类

package com.xupp.springbootmybatis.entity;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
import lombok.Data;

@Data
@TableName("user")
public class UserEntity {
    @TableId(value="id", type= IdType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
}

编写mapper

public interface UserMapper extends BaseMapper<UserEntity> {
}

编写service

package com.xupp.springbootmybatis.service;
import com.xupp.springbootmybatis.config.MultipleDataSourceHelper;
import com.xupp.springbootmybatis.entity.UserEntity;
import com.xupp.springbootmybatis.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Service
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED)
public class UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    public  Object save(String name){
        //选择的数据源
        MultipleDataSourceHelper.set(MultipleDataSourceHelper.MASTER);
        UserEntity userEntity =new UserEntity();
        userEntity.setName(name);
        int result=userMapper.insert(userEntity);
        return result;
    }

    //通过从节点进行数据的查询
    public  Object getAll(){
        MultipleDataSourceHelper.set(MultipleDataSourceHelper.SLAVE);
        return userMapper.selectList(null);
    }
}

编写controller

package com.xupp.springbootmybatis.controller;
import com.xupp.springbootmybatis.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    //主节点进行更新
    @PostMapping("/user")
    public Object save(String name){
       return userService.save(name);
    }

    //从节点进行获取
    @GetMapping("/all")
    public Object all(){
        return userService.getAll();
    }
}

启动类

package com.xupp.springbootmybatis;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
@SpringBootApplication
//扫描mapper位置
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.xupp.springbootmybatis.mapper")
public class SpringbootMybatisApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringbootMybatisApplication.class, args);
    }

}

实现的原理

这个方案主要是通过springboot2.0提供的AbstractRoutingDataSource进行实现的。
主要是通过determineCurrentLookupKey方法根，据用户定义的规则选择当前的数据源，这样我们可以在执行查询之前，设置使用的数据源。实现可动态路由的数据源，在每次数据库查询操作前执行。它的抽象方法 determineCurrentLookupKey() 决定使用哪个数据源。

确定当前的查找关键字。通常将其实现为检查线程绑定事务上下文。允许任意键。返回的键需要与由resolveSpecifiedLookupKey方法解析的存储的查找键类型匹配。