Ubuntu18.04.1安装docker镜像以及docker实例

docker安装转载自https://wayknew.com/ 作者shawn
Ubuntu16.04 或者更高

sudo apt update && \
    sudo apt install -y \
    apt-transport-https \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    software-properties-common
 
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
 
sudo add-apt-repository \
   "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
   $(lsb_release -cs) \
   stable"
 
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y docker-ce

Manage Docker as a non-root user

sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

Add aliyun mirror

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://e3jwyhhj.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

docker实例内容转载自https://www.jianshu.com/p/c24e3e5f5b58 作者:孙成龙

1.获取mysql镜像

从docker hub的仓库中拉取mysql镜像

sudo docker pull mysql

查看镜像

sudo docker images
 
mysql latest 18f13d72f7f0 2 weeks ago 383.4 MB

2.运行一个mysql容器

运行一个mysql实例的命令如下:

sudo docker run --name first-mysql -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL\_ROOT\_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql
 
5b6bf6f629bfe46b4c8786b555d8db1947680138b2de1f268f310a15ced7247a

上述命令各个参数含义:

run            运行一个容器
--name         后面是这个镜像的名称
-p 3306:3306   表示在这个容器中使用3306端口(第二个)映射到本机的端口号也为3306(第一个)
-d             表示使用守护进程运行,即服务挂在后台

查看当前运行的容器状态:

sudo docker ps
 
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES5b6bf6f629bf 
 
mysql "docker-entrypoint.sh" 32 hours ago Up 5 hours 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp first-mysql

想要访问mysql数据库,我的机器上需要装一个mysql-client。

sudo apt-get install mysql-client-core-5.6

下面我们使用mysql命令访问服务器,密码如刚才所示为123456,192.168.95.4为我这台机器的ip, 3306为刚才所示的占用本物理机的端口(不是在docker内部的端口)

mysql -h192.168.95.4 -P3306 -uroot -p123456

访问的结果如下:

mysql> show databases;
 
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
 
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3.运行第二个mysql实例

使用docker相对于虚拟机而言的原因是耗费很少的资源,可以"开辟"非常多的隔离的环境,所以我们继续运行第二个mysql实例,还用之前的镜像,名字为second-mysql。

sudo docker run --name second-mysql -p 3306:3307 -e MYSQL\_ROOT\_PASSWORD=123456 -d 
 
mysql2de4ddb5bfb9b9434af8e72368631e7f4c3f83ee354157328049d7d0
f5523661docker: Error response from daemon: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint second-mysql (33aa29d891a1cb540de250bcbbbe9a0a41cd98f61a4e9f129a2ad5db69da4984): Bind for 0.0.0.0:3306 failed: port is already allocated.

为了验证第一个是本机的端口号,就仍然使用了3306这个端口,那么创建如上所示,发生了错误,但是产生了一个容器id,当我们修改端口后还会报错,因为名字冲突了,也即这次失败的创建会占用这个名字:

sudo docker run --name second-mysql -p 3307:3306 -e MYSQL\_ROOT\_PASSWORD=123456 -d 
 
mysqldocker: Error response from daemon: Conflict. The name "/second-mysql" is already in use by container 2de4ddb5bfb9b9434af8e72368631e7f4c3f83ee354157328049d7d0f5523661. 
You have to remove (or rename) that container to be able to reuse that name..

为了验证second-mysql这个容器还在docker的进程中,我们使用ps -a这个命令,我们可以观察到first-mysql的状态为Up 34 minutes,说明已经工作了34分钟,而second-mysql只是刚刚创建的。

sudo docker ps -a
 
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
2de4ddb5bfb9        mysql               "docker-entrypoint.sh"   About a minute ago   Created                                      second-mysql
5b6bf6f629bf        mysql               "docker-entrypoint.sh"   34 minutes ago       Up 34 minutes       0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   first-mysql

我们用rm命令删除这个容器,如下面命令所示:

maintain@maintain-dev1:~$ sudo docker rm second-mysql
 
maintain@maintain-dev1:~$ sudo docker ps -a
 
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
5b6bf6f629bf mysql "docker-entrypoint.sh" 42 minutes ago Up 42 minutes 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp first-mysql

重新建立second-mysql这个容器,占用物理机的3307端口:

sudo docker run --name second-mysql -p 3307:3306 -e MYSQL\_ROOT\_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql
 
5404fb11f29cba07b991f34056d6b40ed0888aa905a45e637e396d071bd7f331
 
sudo docker ps
 
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
5404fb11f29c        mysql               "docker-entrypoint.sh"   12 seconds ago      Up 11 seconds       0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp   second-mysql
5b6bf6f629bf        mysql               "docker-entrypoint.sh"   43 minutes ago      Up 43 minutes       0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   first-mysql

如上图所示,两个实例都正常运行了,为了访问第二个容器,我们指定端口3307登录到这个mysql的client。

mysql -h192.168.95.4 -P3307 -uroot -p123456
 
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.15 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

4.jdbc测试(maven & Spring boot)

例子来源:http://spring.io/guides/gs/relational-data-access/

使用java spring对数据库进行操作,使用了spring官网的例子,用JdbcTemplate这个裸写sql的方法,没有用hibernate或者myibatis.

spring官网的例子使用h2一个内置的内存数据库,没有配置文件生成为对象的烦恼,

为了练习下yaml替代xml,使用了如下的mysql jdbc配置,application.yaml.

### application.yaml
### mysql config
spring:
  datasource:
    dbcp:
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
      url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.18.129:3306/test1
      username: root
      password: 123456

找了半天自动将依赖注入为一个JdbcTemplate对象,也没有搞定,就只好像下面一样自己先生成DataSource,再new一个JdbcTemlate对象,最后使用jdbcTemplate对数据库进行操作,这样写的很丑,希望各位可以指点一下。

@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.dbcp")
public DataSource mysqlSource() { 
    return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
 

 
@Bean
public JdbcTemplate mysqlJdbcTemplate() { 
    return new JdbcTemplate(mysqlSource());
}

下面是对数据库的一些CRUD操作,使用jdk8的函数式编程:

JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = mysqlJdbcTemplate();
jdbcTemplate.execute("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS customers");
jdbcTemplate.execute("CREATE TABLE customers(" + "id SERIAL, first_name VARCHAR(255), last_name VARCHAR(255))");
// Split up the array of whole names into an array of first/last names
List<Object[]> splitUpNames = Arrays.asList("John Woo", "Jeff Dean", "Josh Bloch", "Josh Long")
  .stream() .map(name -> name.split(" ")) .collect(Collectors.toList());
// Use a Java 8 stream to print out each tuple of the list
splitUpNames.forEach(name -> log.info(String.format("Inserting customer record for %s %s", name[0], name[1])));
// Uses JdbcTemplate's batchUpdate operation to bulk load data
jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate("INSERT INTO customers(first_name, last_name) VALUES (?,?)", splitUpNames);
log.info("Querying for customer records where first_name = 'Josh':");
jdbcTemplate.query( 
   "SELECT id, first_name, last_name FROM customers WHERE first_name = ?", 
   new Object[]{"Josh"}, (rs, rowNum) -> new Customer(rs.getLong("id"), rs.getString("first_name"), rs.getString("last_name")))
   .forEach(customer -> log.info(customer.toString()));

下面在mysql的客户端进行了验证:

mysql> select * from customers;
+----+------------+-----------+
| id | first_name | last_name |
+----+------------+-----------+
|  1 | John       | Woo       |
|  2 | Jeff       | Dean      |
|  3 | Josh       | Bloch     |
|  4 | Josh       | Long      |
+----+------------+-----------+
 
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  1. 遇到的一些坑

    maven配置

使用了jdk8的lamda表达式,必须在maven中配置java.version

<properties> 
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
 

docker服务重启

docker这个服务挂了,容器也就跟着挂了,并没有重启,应该在运行容器的时候带上–restart always这个参数

作者:孙成龙
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/c24e3e5f5b58
來源:简书
简书著作权归作者所有,任何形式的转载都请联系作者获得授权并注明出处。

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