如何在Python中使用json

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对于Pythoner来说，json可以简单地理解为字典和列表的互相嵌套，所以json在Python中就是ladn——List And Dict Notation。

Python中的json模块提供了json和python对象之间的转换函数，即dumps和loads。

dumps

为了说明这种关系，下面新建一个列表，这个列表由5个字典组成。

>>> dct = [{str(j):i*j for j in range(5)} for i in range(5)]
>>> for i in dct:print(i)
...

其内容如下

---

{‘0’: 0, ‘1’: 0, ‘2’: 0, ‘3’: 0, ‘4’: 0}
{‘0’: 0, ‘1’: 1, ‘2’: 2, ‘3’: 3, ‘4’: 4}
{‘0’: 0, ‘1’: 2, ‘2’: 4, ‘3’: 6, ‘4’: 8}
{‘0’: 0, ‘1’: 3, ‘2’: 6, ‘3’: 9, ‘4’: 12}
{‘0’: 0, ‘1’: 4, ‘2’: 8, ‘3’: 12, ‘4’: 1

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下面将其转化为json

>>> import json
>>> j = json.dumps(dct) 
>>> type(j)     
<class 'str'>   #json.dumps将dct编码成为字符串
>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> pprint(j)
('[{"0": 0, "1": 0, "2": 0, "3": 0, "4": 0}, {"0": 0, "1": 1, "2": 2, "3": 3, '
 '"4": 4}, {"0": 0, "1": 2, "2": 4, "3": 6, "4": 8}, {"0": 0, "1": 3, "2": 6, '
 '"3": 9, "4": 12}, {"0": 0, "1": 4, "2": 8, "3": 12, "4": 16}]')

loads

然后通过loads可重新将json转化为python对象

>>> L = json.loads(j)
>>> type(L)
<class 'list'>
>>> pprint(L)

打印结果如下

---

('[{“0”: 0, “1”: 0, “2”: 0, “3”: 0, “4”: 0}, {“0”: 0, “1”: 1, “2”: 2, “3”: 3, ’
'“4”: 4}, {“0”: 0, “1”: 2, “2”: 4, “3”: 6, “4”: 8}, {“0”: 0, “1”: 3, “2”: 6, ’
‘“3”: 9, “4”: 12}, {“0”: 0, “1”: 4, “2”: 8, “3”: 12, “4”: 16}]’)

---