Python基础-字符串格式化_百分号方式_format方式

Format 方式:

常用格式化：

 1 tpl = "i am {}, age {}, {}".format("seven", 18, 'alex')
 2   
 3 #必须一一对应，否则会报错
 4 tpl = "i am {}, age {}, {}".format(*["seven", 18, 'alex'])
 5   
 6 
 7 tpl = "i am {0}, age {1}, really {0}".format("seven", 18)
 8   
 9 
10 tpl = "i am {0}, age {1}, really {0}".format(*["seven", 18])
11   
12 
13 tpl = "i am {name}, age {age}, really {name}".format(name="seven", age=18)
14   
15 
16 tpl = "i am {name}, age {age}, really {name}".format(**{"name": "seven", "age": 18})
17                                                      ** 代表传字典
18 
19 tpl = "i am {0[0]}, age {0[1]}, really {0[2]}".format([1, 2, 3], [11, 22, 33])
20   
21 
22 tpl = "i am {:s}, age {:d}, money {:f}".format("seven", 18, 88888.1)
23              s 代表字符串 d 代表整数
24 
25 tpl = "i am {:s}, age {:d}".format(*["seven", 18])
26                                    * 代表列表
27 
28 tpl = "i am {name:s}, age {age:d}".format(name="seven", age=18)
29   
30 
31 tpl = "i am {name:s}, age {age:d}".format(**{"name": "seven", "age": 18})
32  
33 
34 tpl = "numbers: {:b},{:o},{:d},{:x},{:X}, {:%}".format(15, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15.87623, 2)
35                 2进制 8进制 10进制  x与X: 16进制 %：百分比
36 
37 tpl = "numbers: {:b},{:o},{:d},{:x},{:X}, {:%}".format(15, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15.87623, 2)
38  
39 
40 tpl = "numbers: {0:b},{0:o},{0:d},{0:x},{0:X}, {0:%}".format(15)
41  
42 
43 tpl = "numbers: {num:b},{num:o},{num:d},{num:x},{num:X}, {num:%}".format(num=15)

示例：

ps1:

1 tpl = "i am {0}, age {1}, really {2}".format("seven", '18','alex')
2 print(tpl)

执行结果：

1 i am seven, age 18, really alex

ps2:

1 tpl = "i am {2}, age {1}, really {0}".format("seven", '18','alex')
2 print(tpl)

执行结果：

1 i am alex, age 18, really seven

ps3: 传字典的方式

1 tpl = "i am {name}, age {age}, really {name}".format(name="seven", age=18)
2 print(tpl)

执行结果：

1 i am seven, age 18, really seven

ps4: ** 传字典的方式 (跟ps3的方式是一样的）

1 tpl = "i am {name}, age {age}, really {name}".format(**{"name": "seven", "age": 18})
2 print(tpl)

执行结果：

1 i am seven, age 18, really seven

ps5: * 代表：列表

1 tpl = "i am {:s}, age {:d}".format(*["seven", 18])
2 print(tpl)

执行结果：

1 i am seven, age 18

ps6:

1 tpl = "i am {:s}, age {:d}".format("seven", 18) #["seven", 18]
2 print(tpl)

执行结果：

1 i am seven, age 18

ps7:

1 l=["seven", 18]
2 tpl = "i am {:s}, age {:d}".format('seven',18)
3 print(tpl)

执行结果：

1 i am seven, age 18

ps8: 2进制 8进制 10进制 x与X: 16进制 %：百分比

1 tpl = "numbers: {:b},{:o},{:d},{:x},{:X}, {:%},{}".format(15, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15.87623, 2)
2 print(tpl)

执行结果：

1 numbers: 1111,17,15,f,F, 1587.623000%,2

百分号方式:

常用格式化：

 1 tpl = "i am %s" % "alex"
 2  
 3 tpl = "i am %s age %d" % ("alex", 18)
 4  
 5 tpl = "i am %(name)s age %(age)d" % {"name": "alex", "age": 18}
 6  
 7 tpl = "percent %.2f" % 99.97623    #打印浮点数
 8  
 9 tpl = "i am %(pp).2f" % {"pp": 123.425556, }
10  
11 tpl = "i am %.2f %%" % {"pp": 123.425556, }    #打开百分比

示例：

1、%s 可以字符串拼接

1 msg='i am %s my hobby is %s' % ('lhf','alex')
2 print(msg)

执行结果：

1 i am lhf my hobby is alex

2、%s 可以按收任何类型（数字对应字符串）

1 msg='i am %s my hobby is %s' % ('lhf',1)
2 print(msg)

执行结果：

1 i am lhf my hobby is 1

3、%s 可以字符串接收列表

1 msg='i am %s my hobby is %s' % ('lhf',[1,2])
2 print(msg)

执行结果：

1 i am lhf my hobby is [1, 2]

4、%s传字符串或任何值， %d只能接收数字

1 name='lhf'
2 age=19
3 msg='i am %s my hobby is %d' % (name,age)  #age可以用%d or %s,但用%s程序可读性差
4 print(msg)

执行结果：

1 i am lhf my hobby is 19

5、%d 只能接收数字类型，不能接收列表

1 # %d 只能按收数字类型
2 msg='i am %s my hobby is %d' % ('lhf',1)
3 print(msg)

执行结果：

1 i am lhf my hobby is 1

6、%d 不能接收列表类型,会报错

1 msg='i am %s my hobby is %d' % ('lhf',[1,2])
2 print(msg)

执行结果：

1 Traceback (most recent call last):
2   File "D:/python/day5/format_type.py", line 14, in <module>
3     msg='i am %s my hobby is %d' % ('lhf',[1,2])
4 TypeError: %d format: a number is required, not list

7、打印浮点数

1 tpl = "percent %.2f" % 99.976234444444444444
2 print(tpl)

执行结果：

1 percent 99.98

8、打印百分比

1 tpl = 'percent %.2f %%' % 99.976234444444444444
2 print(tpl)

执行结果：

1 percent 99.98 %

9、左边打印空格

1 msg='i am %(name)+60s my hobby is alex' %{'name':'lhf'}
2 print(msg)

执行结果：

1 i am                                                          lhf my hobby is alex

10、打印空格加颜色(黄色）

1 msg='i am \033[43;1m%(name)+60s\033[0m my hobby is alex' %{'name':'lhf'}
2 print(msg)

执行结果：

1 i am                                                          lhf my hobby is alex

19、不用格式化的方式

1 print('root','x','0','0',sep=':')
2 print('root'+':'+'x'+':'+'0','0')

执行结果：

1 root:x:0:0
2 root:x:0 0