拦截器

拦截器

概述：springmvc的处理器拦截器类似于servlet开发中的过滤器Filter，用于对处理器进行预处理和后处理。开发者可以自定义一些拦截器来实现特定的功能。

过滤器与拦截器的区别：拦截器是AOP 思想的具体应用。

过滤器：

• servlet规范中的一部分，任何Java web工程都可以使用
• 在url-pattern中配置了/*之后，可以对所有要访问的资源进行拦截

拦截器：

• 是springmvc框架自己的，中有使用了springmvc框架的工程才能使用
• 只会拦截访问的控制器方法，如果访问的是jsp/html/css/image/js是不会进行拦截的

1.如何实现拦截器？

想要自定义拦截器，必须实现 HandlerInterceptor 接口。

2.配置

1.applicationContext.xml

<!--登录拦截-->
<mvc:interceptors>
    <mvc:interceptor>
        <!--包括这个请求下的所有的请求-->
        <mvc:mapping path="/user/**"/>
        <bean class="com.kuang.config.LoginInterceptor"/>
    </mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>

2.web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

3.config

1.LoginInterceptor

public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        //放行：判断什么情况下登录，session存在

        //登陆页面也会放行
        if(request.getRequestURI().contains("goLogin")){
            return true;
        }
        //第一次登陆也没有session
        if(request.getRequestURI().contains("login")){
            return true;
        }

        if(session.getAttribute("userLoginInfo")!=null){
            return true;
        }

        //拦截
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
        return false;
    }
}

2.MyInterceptor（用于演示）

public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    //return true 执行下一个拦截器，放行
    //return false 不执行下一个拦截器，卡死
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("============处理前============");
        return true;

    }

    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("============处理后============");
    }

    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("============清理============");
    }
}

4.controller

LoginController

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class LoginController {
    @RequestMapping("/goLogin")
    public String goLogin(String username, String password, HttpSession session,Model model){

        //把用户的信息存在session中；
        session.setAttribute("userLoginInfo",username);
        model.addAttribute("username",username);

        return "login";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/main")
    public String main1(){
        return "main";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/login")
    public String login(){
        return "main";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/goOut")
    public String goOut(HttpSession session){

        //把用户的信息存在session中；
        session.removeAttribute("userLoginInfo");
        return "index";
    }
}

5.jsp

1.login.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>登录</p>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/login" method="post">
    用户名：<input type="text" name="name"/>
    密码：<input type="password" name="password"/>
    <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>

</body>
</html>

2.main.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1><p>首页</p></h1>

<h3><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/goOut">注销</a></h3>

</body>
</html>

6.index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>
<h1><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/goLogin">登陆页面</a></h1>

<h1><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/main">首页</a></h1>

  </body>
</html>