MySQL 5.7 — 安装

1. 下载 MySQL

1. MySQL官网下载https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

2. wget下载

   wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
   

2. 解压

1. tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
   

2. mv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
   

3. 安装 MySQL

1. 新建data目录

   mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
   

2. 新建mysql用户、mysql用户组

   # mysql用户组
   groupadd mysql
   
   # mysql用户
   useradd mysql -g mysql
   

3. 将/usr/local/mysql的所有者及所属组改为mysql

   chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
   

4. 配置

   # /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
   
   /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
   

   如果出现以下错误：

   /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
   

   • 则执行以下命令：

   yum -y install numactl
   

   ​

   • 完成后继续安装：

   /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
   

5. 编辑/etc/my.cnf

   [mysqld]
   datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
   basedir=/usr/local/mysql
   socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
   user=mysql
   port=3306
   character-set-server=utf8
   # 取消密码验证
   skip-grant-tables
   # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
   symbolic-links=0
   # skip-grant-tables
   [mysqld_safe]
   log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
   pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
   

6. 开启服务

   # 将mysql加入服务
   cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
   
   # 开机自启
   chkconfig mysql on
   
   # 开启
   service mysql start
   

7. 设置密码

   # 登录（由于/etc/my.cnf中设置了取消密码验证，所以此处密码任意）
   /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
   
   # 操作mysql数据库
   >>use mysql;
   
   # 修改密码
   >>update user set authentication_string=password('你的密码') where user='root';
   >>flush privileges;
   >>exit;
   

8. 将/etc/my.cnf中的skip-grant-tables删除

9. 登录再次设置密码（不知道为啥如果不再次设置密码就操作不了数据库了）

   /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
   
    >>ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '修改后的密码';
    >>exit;
   

10. 允许远程连接

    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
    
    >>use mysql;
    >>update user set host='%' where user = 'root';
    >>flush privileges;
    >>eixt;
    

11. 添加快捷方式

    ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin
    

4. 关闭防火墙

systemctl status firewalld.service # 查看防火墙状态
systemctl stop firewalld.service   # 关闭运行的防火墙

5. 远程连接