docker镜像日常操作（参考）

一、注册服务器镜像搜索

选择镜像建议

1、优先考虑官方资源（国外下载）；
2、借助第三方资源（国内下载）；

[root@docker ~]# docker search centos
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
centos The official build of CentOS. 6125 [OK]
ansible/centos7-ansible Ansible on Centos7 132 [OK]
consol/centos-xfce-vnc Centos container with “headless” VNC session… 119 [OK]
jdeathe/centos-ssh OpenSSH / Supervisor / EPEL/IUS/SCL Repos - … 115 [OK]
centos/systemd systemd enabled base container. 86 [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7 MySQL 5.7 SQL database server 80
imagine10255/centos6-lnmp-php56 centos6-lnmp-php56 58 [OK]
tutum/centos Simple CentOS docker image with SSH access 47
centos/postgresql-96-centos7 PostgreSQL is an advanced Object-Relational … 46
centos/httpd-24-centos7 Platform for running Apache httpd 2.4 or bui… 36
kinogmt/centos-ssh CentOS with SSH 29 [OK]
pivotaldata/centos-gpdb-dev CentOS image for GPDB development. Tag names… 12
drecom/centos-ruby centos ruby 6 [OK]
centos/tools Docker image that has systems administration… 6 [OK]
pivotaldata/centos Base centos, freshened up a little with a Do… 4
pivotaldata/centos-gcc-toolchain CentOS with a toolchain, but unaffiliated wi… 3
darksheer/centos Base Centos Image – Updated hourly 3 [OK]
mamohr/centos-java Oracle Java 8 Docker image based on Centos 7 3 [OK]
pivotaldata/centos-mingw Using the mingw toolchain to cross-compile t… 3
indigo/centos-maven Vanilla CentOS 7 with Oracle Java Developmen… 1 [OK]
mcnaughton/centos-base centos base image 1 [OK]
blacklabelops/centos CentOS Base Image! Built and Updates Daily! 1 [OK]
pivotaldata/centos6.8-dev CentosOS 6.8 image for GPDB development 0
pivotaldata/centos7-dev CentosOS 7 image for GPDB development 0
smartentry/centos centos with smartentry 0 [OK]

镜像仓库

阿里云源
yum-config-manager
–add-repo
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
清华源
yum-config-manager
–add-repo
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

二、下载镜像

默认下载最新版本

[root@docker ~]# docker image pull centos:7.5.1804
[root@docker ~]# docker pull nginx

三、查看镜像列表

[root@docker ~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 08393e824c32 6 days ago 132MB
centos 7.5.1804 cf49811e3cdb 17 months ago 200MB

四、删除镜像

[root@docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 08393e824c32 6 days ago 132MB
centos 7.5.1804 cf49811e3cdb 17 months ago 200MB
[root@docker ~]# docker image rm 08393e824c32
Untagged: nginx:latest
Untagged: nginx@sha256:36b74457bccb56fbf8b05f79c85569501b721d4db813b684391d63e02287c0b2
Deleted: sha256:08393e824c32d456ff69aec72c64d1ab63fecdad060ab0e8d3d42640fc3d64c5
Deleted: sha256:16ea6e7b0ecc56682daf0e01d89ffe04aeb702f67e572e94e574b1aa63d2e3d3
Deleted: sha256:d1c30fbca15bed39f9d6a613d05885ab2de964ed39c8ad3a7091c94aad935f1c
Deleted: sha256:e860d6c3bb27d4d057f6c5412b92afa0ae15664f6914eb460784e755c1a651e5
Deleted: sha256:0e6a092cd837c31fb9b85896c5849a2a02ba89131a531fa6ca8811d35bcf25ca
Deleted: sha256:d0f104dc0a1f9c744b65b23b3fd4d4d3236b4656e67f776fe13f8ad8423b955c
[root@docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos 7.5.1804 cf49811e3cdb 17 months ago 200MB

提示：尽量将镜像程序停止后再删除，否则不能删除。或者选择强制删除。

[root@docker ~]# docker image rmi 08393e824c32

[root@docker ~]# docker image rmi -force 08393e824c32

[root@docker ~]# docker image rmi -f 08393e824c32

五、导出镜像

[root@docker ~]# docker image save centos:7.5.1804 > docker-centos7.4.tar.gz
[root@docker ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg docker-centos7.4.tar.gz

六、导入镜像

[root@docker ~]# docker image load -i docker-centos7.4.tar.gz
Loaded image: centos:7.5.1804

七、通过容器ID查询镜像详情

[root@docker ~]# docker image inspect 08393e824c32
[
{
“Id”: “sha256:08393e824c32d456ff69aec72c64d1ab63fecdad060ab0e8d3d42640fc3d64c5”,
“RepoTags”: [
“nginx:latest”
],
“RepoDigests”: [
“nginx@sha256:36b74457bccb56fbf8b05f79c85569501b721d4db813b684391d63e02287c0b2”
],
“Parent”: “”,
“Comment”: “”,
“Created”: “2020-08-05T00:27:17.571815336Z”,
“Container”: “cf6b584de5e609ff466aa82076cb5444882c572e07ad9d29293eb4f64f6a5aa6”,
“ContainerConfig”: {
“Hostname”: “cf6b584de5e6”,
“Domainname”: “”,
“User”: “”,
“AttachStdin”: false,
“AttachStdout”: false,
“AttachStderr”: false,
“ExposedPorts”: {
“80/tcp”: {}
},
“Tty”: false,
“OpenStdin”: false,
“StdinOnce”: false,
“Env”: [
“PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin”,
“NGINX_VERSION=1.19.1”,
“NJS_VERSION=0.4.2”,
“PKG_RELEASE=1~buster”
],
“Cmd”: [
“/bin/sh”,
“-c”,
"#(nop) ",
“CMD [“nginx” “-g” “daemon off;”]”
],
“ArgsEscaped”: true,
“Image”: “sha256:3a727f8293e2c036385ab385b0462adcdfd82edc85c27b7972812c6fa00dc9f9”,
“Volumes”: null,
“WorkingDir”: “”,
“Entrypoint”: [
“/docker-entrypoint.sh”
],
“OnBuild”: null,
“Labels”: {
“maintainer”: “NGINX Docker Maintainers docker-maint@nginx.com”
},
“StopSignal”: “SIGTERM”
},
“DockerVersion”: “18.09.7”,
“Author”: “”,
“Config”: {
“Hostname”: “”,
“Domainname”: “”,
“User”: “”,
“AttachStdin”: false,
“AttachStdout”: false,
“AttachStderr”: false,
“ExposedPorts”: {
“80/tcp”: {}
},
“Tty”: false,
“OpenStdin”: false,
“StdinOnce”: false,
“Env”: [
“PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin”,
“NGINX_VERSION=1.19.1”,
“NJS_VERSION=0.4.2”,
“PKG_RELEASE=1~buster”
],
“Cmd”: [
“nginx”,
“-g”,
“daemon off;”
],
“ArgsEscaped”: true,
“Image”: “sha256:3a727f8293e2c036385ab385b0462adcdfd82edc85c27b7972812c6fa00dc9f9”,
“Volumes”: null,
“WorkingDir”: “”,
“Entrypoint”: [
“/docker-entrypoint.sh”
],
“OnBuild”: null,
“Labels”: {
“maintainer”: “NGINX Docker Maintainers docker-maint@nginx.com”
},
“StopSignal”: “SIGTERM”
},
“Architecture”: “amd64”,
“Os”: “linux”,
“Size”: 132491506,
“VirtualSize”: 132491506,
“GraphDriver”: {
“Data”: {
“LowerDir”: “/var/lib/docker/overlay2/713f083b4ccf0c88c2bc08d8e8a33746751de26338ed365f080e67a697d8541c/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b4a0db5c4582a17c2ff4529112246b2a3e07cec70091c441ecb2a3e6c1c7efe7/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/78ae1833346304c1321a7b53166471022906b33074e18d267a0a5dc4263d9ec7/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ec0b5b286cdbae00d47aaec74f3ef9143aa36fbe401a4ab371b8ee62068b7162/diff”,
“MergedDir”: “/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5dbc4c027c8dbd8ef61306857179a7632ab4abae97eaa43b67780de8d1089d9d/merged”,
“UpperDir”: “/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5dbc4c027c8dbd8ef61306857179a7632ab4abae97eaa43b67780de8d1089d9d/diff”,
“WorkDir”: “/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5dbc4c027c8dbd8ef61306857179a7632ab4abae97eaa43b67780de8d1089d9d/work”
},
“Name”: “overlay2”
},
“RootFS”: {
“Type”: “layers”,
“Layers”: [
“sha256:d0f104dc0a1f9c744b65b23b3fd4d4d3236b4656e67f776fe13f8ad8423b955c”,
“sha256:ff73b8119c50a75f3af107109381640d4c14e9e29ff0b53a981bbd8c9414f79b”,
“sha256:ed39597d15568ed2e5bb45f81c6bfaaa426cd297f0e2aa04f6006ad87f449488”,
“sha256:6d196faff4ee7b431ce803a95faf3754164d42bc9350e1496644c8755a65422a”,
“sha256:ac078d8f08c6b18167798771c612ec79e9b69f281678fd9148e9b705e66b9635”
]
},
“Metadata”: {
“LastTagTime”: “0001-01-01T00:00:00Z”
}
}
]