CPP 实现socket 通信 建立server - client

建立server listen服务器监听:

#include <iostream>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h> // for close()
#include <cstring>   // for memset()

#define PORT 8080
#define MAX_CLIENTS 5 // 设置backlog大小

int main() {
    // 1. 创建套接字
    int server_sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (server_sockfd == -1) {
        perror("socket");
        return -1;
    }

    // 2. 配置套接字地址结构
    sockaddr_in server_address;
    memset(&server_address, 0, sizeof(server_address));
    server_address.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_address.sin_port = htons(PORT);
    server_address.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); // 绑定到所有网络接口

    // 3. 绑定套接字到指定地址
    if (bind(server_sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_address, sizeof(server_address)) == -1) {
        perror("bind");
        close(server_sockfd);
        return -1;
    }

    // 4. 设置套接字为监听模式并设定backlog队列长度
    if (listen(server_sockfd, MAX_CLIENTS) == -1) {
        perror("listen");
        close(server_sockfd);
        return -1;
    }

    std::cout << "Server is listening on port " << PORT << std::endl;

    // 5. 循环等待并接受客户端连接请求
    while (true) {
        sockaddr_in client_address;
        socklen_t client_len = sizeof(client_address);
        int client_sockfd = accept(server_sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_address, &client_len);

        if (client_sockfd == -1) {
            perror("accept");
            continue;
        }
        std::cout << "Accepted connection from " << inet_ntoa(client_address.sin_addr) << ":" << ntohs(client_address.sin_port) << std::endl;

        // 处理客户端连接相关逻辑...
         char message[] = "Hello, Clienter!";
        send(client_sockfd, message, strlen(message), 0); // 向服务器发送消息

        char buffer[1024] = {0};
        ssize_t bytes_received = recv(client_sockfd, buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1, 0); 
       
        if (bytes_received > 0) {
            buffer[bytes_received] = '\0'; // 添加字符串结束符
            std::cout << "Received from client: " << buffer << std::endl;
        }
        // 关闭已处理完的客户端连接
        close(client_sockfd);
    }
    // 当不再需要服务时关闭监听套接字
    close(server_sockfd);
    return 0;
}

建立Client客户端：

#include <iostream>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h> // for close()
#include <cstring>   // for memset()

#define SERVER_IP "127.0.0.1" // 本机IP地址
#define SERVER_PORT 8080           // 服务器端口号

int main() {
    // 1. 创建套接字
    int client_sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (client_sockfd == -1) {
        perror("socket");
        return -1;
    }

    // 2. 填充服务器地址结构
    sockaddr_in server_address;
    memset(&server_address, 0, sizeof(server_address));
    server_address.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_address.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
    if (inet_pton(AF_INET, SERVER_IP, &server_address.sin_addr) <= 0) {
        perror("inet_pton");
        close(client_sockfd);
        return -1;
    }

    // 3. 连接到服务器
    if (connect(client_sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&server_address, sizeof(server_address)) < 0) {
        perror("connect");
        close(client_sockfd);
        return -1;
    }

    std::cout << "Connected to server at IP " << SERVER_IP << ", Port: " << SERVER_PORT << std::endl;

    // 4. 发送和接收数据（这里仅作演示，实际应用中会循环读写数据）
    char message[] = "Hello, Server!";
    send(client_sockfd, message, strlen(message), 0); // 向服务器发送消息

    char buffer[1024] = {0};
    ssize_t bytes_received = recv(client_sockfd, buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1, 0); // 接收服务器回应
    if (bytes_received > 0) {
        buffer[bytes_received] = '\0'; // 添加字符串结束符
        std::cout << "Received from server: " << buffer << std::endl;
    } else if (bytes_received == 0) {
        std::cout << "Server closed the connection." << std::endl;
    } else {
        perror("recv");
    }

    // 5. 关闭套接字
    close(client_sockfd);

    return 0;
}