docker容器中误删bash依赖库？勿慌

之前客户在使用提供的基础镜像的时候，误删了bash 的一个依赖库，导致无法进入到该容器当中，也就是如果容器中没有/bin/bash、/bin/sh 或其他 shell，这个时候我们在不重新生成容器的前提下，如何修复这个问题呢？

接下来，我们学习几种方法，可根据自己的需求可以选择，其实总的原理就是缺啥补啥而已

问题复现：我们手动删除一个库文件

[root@master1 ~]# docker run -it centos:7 bash 
[root@0094c4cb3b46 /]# ldd /usr/bin/bash 
	linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007ffc1a19d000)
	libtinfo.so.5 => /lib64/libtinfo.so.5 (0x00007f926cd32000)
	libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f926cb2e000)
	libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f926c760000)
	/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f926cf5c000)
[root@0094c4cb3b46 /]# rm -rf /lib64/libtinfo.so.5
[root@0094c4cb3b46 /]# 
[root@master1 ~]# 
[root@master1 ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE      COMMAND   CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
0094c4cb3b46   centos:7   "bash"    31 seconds ago   Up 31 seconds             busy_vaughan
[root@master1 ~]# docker exec -it busy_vaughan bash 
bash: error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@master1 ~]# 
[root@master1 ~]# 
[root@master1 ~]# docker exec -it busy_vaughan sh 
sh: error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@master1 ~]# 

方式一

通过拷贝库文件，把缺少的库文件装到容器里面对应目录中去，关于容器在guest os中的目录，具体看我上一篇文章，这里直接开用了。

使用chroot命令也进不去

[root@master1 ~]# docker inspect busy_vaughan |grep merged
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1d321b06d34e23506dbf0dcc51ae0927b05d8a2edbf431c65f9726881971aef5/merged",
[root@master1 ~]# 
[root@master1 ~]# chroot /var/lib/docker/overlay2/1d321b06d34e23506dbf0dcc51ae0927b05d8a2edbf431c65f9726881971aef5/merged/
/bin/bash: error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@master1 ~]#

我们先把缺少的库文件所属于的那个包下到本地，然后解压拿到缺少的库文件，注意：这个前提是容器中该库文件的版本要对应上，和缺少的库比较少。

[root@master1 ~]# yumdownloader ncurses-libs
[root@master1 test]# ls
ncurses-libs-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64.rpm
[root@master1 test]# rpm2cpio ncurses-libs-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64.rpm |cpio -div 
./usr/lib64/libform.so.5
./usr/lib64/libform.so.5.9
./usr/lib64/libformw.so.5
./usr/lib64/libformw.so.5.9
./usr/lib64/libmenu.so.5
./usr/lib64/libmenu.so.5.9
./usr/lib64/libmenuw.so.5
./usr/lib64/libmenuw.so.5.9
./usr/lib64/libncurses++.so.5
./usr/lib64/libncurses++.so.5.9
./usr/lib64/libncurses++w.so.5
./usr/lib64/libncurses++w.so.5.9
./usr/lib64/libncurses.so.5
./usr/lib64/libncurses.so.5.9
./usr/lib64/libncursesw.so.5
./usr/lib64/libncursesw.so.5.9
./usr/lib64/libpanel.so.5
./usr/lib64/libpanel.so.5.9
./usr/lib64/libpanelw.so.5
./usr/lib64/libpanelw.so.5.9
./usr/lib64/libtic.so.5
./usr/lib64/libtic.so.5.9
./usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.5
./usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.5.9
2016 块
[root@master1 test]# 

然后拷贝到容器目录中去，然后就可以进入容器了

[root@master1 test]# cp ./usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.5 /var/lib/docker/overlay2/1d321b06d34e23506dbf0dcc51ae0927b05d8a2edbf431c65f9726881971aef5/merged/usr/lib64/ -af 
[root@master1 test]# 
[root@master1 test]# docker exec -it busy_vaughan bash 
[root@0094c4cb3b46 /]# 

方式二

通过yum的方式重新安装依赖包

[root@master1 test]# docker exec -it busy_vaughan bash 
bash: error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@master1 test]# 
[root@master1 test]# yum reinstall ncurses-libs-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64.rpm  --installroot=/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1d321b06d34e23506dbf0dcc51ae0927b05d8a2edbf431c65f9726881971aef5/merged/ 
已加载插件：fastestmirror
正在检查 ncurses-libs-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64.rpm: ncurses-libs-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 ncurses-libs.x86_64.0.5.9-14.20130511.el7_4 将被 已重新安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

==============================================================================================================================================================
 Package                      架构                   版本                                    源                                                          大小
==============================================================================================================================================================
重新安装:
 ncurses-libs                 x86_64                 5.9-14.20130511.el7_4                   /ncurses-libs-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64                 1.0 M

事务概要
==============================================================================================================================================================
重新安装  1 软件包

总计：1.0 M
安装大小：1.0 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  正在安装    : ncurses-libs-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64                                                                                                 1/1 
  验证中      : ncurses-libs-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64                                                                                                 1/1 

已安装:
  ncurses-libs.x86_64 0:5.9-14.20130511.el7_4                                                                                                                 

完毕！
[root@master1 test]# docker exec -it busy_vaughan bash 
[root@0094c4cb3b46 /]# 

方式三

通过docker cp命令，这个其实跟方式一差不多

[root@master1 test]# docker exec -it busy_vaughan bash 
bash: error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@master1 test]# 
[root@master1 test]# 
[root@master1 test]# 
[root@master1 test]# ls
ncurses-libs-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64.rpm  usr
[root@master1 test]# 
[root@master1 test]# 
[root@master1 test]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE      COMMAND   CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
0094c4cb3b46   centos:7   "bash"    28 minutes ago   Up 28 minutes             busy_vaughan
[root@master1 test]# docker cp ./usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.5 busy_vaughan:/usr/lib64/
[root@master1 test]# docker exec -it busy_vaughan bash 
[root@0094c4cb3b46 /]# 

方式四

通过容器的PID

[root@master1 test]# docker exec -it busy_vaughan bash 
bash: error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@master1 test]# 
[root@master1 test]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE      COMMAND   CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
0094c4cb3b46   centos:7   "bash"    30 minutes ago   Up 30 minutes             busy_vaughan
[root@master1 test]# 
[root@master1 test]# docker container inspect 0094c4cb3b46 | jq '.[0].State.Pid'
3795
[root@master1 test]# 
[root@master1 test]# nsenter -m -t 3795  /bin/bash
/bin/bash: error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@master1 test]# ls /proc/3795/root/
anaconda-post.log  bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@master1 test]# cp ./usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.5 /proc/3795/root/usr/lib64/ -af 
[root@master1 test]# 
[root@master1 test]# docker exec -it busy_vaughan bash 
[root@0094c4cb3b46 /]# exit
exit
[root@master1 test]#