4.8.5.解包参数列表

【原文】

4.8.5. Unpacking Argument Lists

The reverse situation occurs when the arguments are already in a list or tuple but need to be unpacked for a function call requiring separate positional arguments. For instance, the built-in range() function expects separate start and stop arguments. If they are not available separately, write the function call with the *-operator to unpack the arguments out of a list or tuple:

>>>

>>> list(range(3, 6))            # normal call with separate arguments
[3, 4, 5]
>>> args = [3, 6]
>>> list(range(*args))            # call with arguments unpacked from a list
[3, 4, 5]

In the same fashion, dictionaries can deliver keyword arguments with the **-operator:

>>>

>>> def parrot(voltage, state='a stiff', action='voom'):
...     print("-- This parrot wouldn't", action, end=' ')
...     print("if you put", voltage, "volts through it.", end=' ')
...     print("E's", state, "!")
...
>>> d = {"voltage": "four million", "state": "bleedin' demised", "action": "VOOM"}
>>> parrot(**d)
-- This parrot wouldn't VOOM if you put four million volts through it. E's bleedin' demised !

【译】

4.8.5.解包参数列表

有时情况相反，函数调用时需要分离的位置参数已经存在于列表或元组中时，要先解包列表或元组。比如，内置函数range()需要分离从起始到终止的参数，如果它们不能分离，请使用*运算符写函数调用，解包列表或元组后得到参数。

同样的，字典能够用**-operator分离关键字参数。

拓展一：未解包列表，range()函数不能被调用。

拓展二：解包列表，将解包后的值作为参数传递给range()函数。

拓展三：解包元组。

​​​​​​​