前两天因为工作需要,需要获取设备的唯一标识符,最后决定加入mac+ip地址的获取方法,在网上搜了很多教程,踩了很多坑,发现ip地址很好获取,但是android10以上如果要获取真实的mac地址很难,实验了很多方法,发现都不可行,最后做一个总结:
ip地址获取方法:
public static String getLocalIpAddress(Context context) {
WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) context.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
if (wifiManager != null) {
WifiInfo info = wifiManager.getConnectionInfo();
return Formatter.formatIpAddress(info.getIpAddress());
} else {
try {
for (Enumeration<NetworkInterface> en = NetworkInterface
.getNetworkInterfaces(); en.hasMoreElements(); ) {
NetworkInterface intf = en.nextElement();
for (Enumeration<InetAddress> enumIpAddr = intf
.getInetAddresses(); enumIpAddr.hasMoreElements(); ) {
InetAddress inetAddress = enumIpAddr.nextElement();
if (!inetAddress.isLoopbackAddress() && !inetAddress.isLinkLocalAddress()) {
return inetAddress.getHostAddress().toString();
}
}
}
} catch (SocketException ex) {
XLog.e("getLocalIpAddress" + ex.toString());
}
}
return null;
}
虽然最终没有获取到android11以上的真实Mac地址,但也得到了一些结论:
Android6.0以下通过Wifi和Bluetooth广告api就能获取到,Android6.0到Android7.0之间通过cat/sys/class/net/wlan0/address获取,Android7.0~Android9可以通过lp和扫描网络接口获取,Android10起获取不到,但是我们可以获得设备硬件标识来获得一个唯一标识符。
设备硬件唯一标识符获取方法:
public class DeviceIdUtil {
/**
* 获得设备硬件标识
*
* @param context 上下文
* @return 设备硬件标识
*/
public static String getDeviceId(Context context) {
if(!SharedPreferencesUtil.getInstance(context).getDeviceId().isEmpty()){
return SharedPreferencesUtil.getInstance(context).getDeviceId();
}
StringBuilder sbDeviceId = new StringBuilder();
//获得设备默认IMEI(>=6.0 需要ReadPhoneState权限)
String imei = getIMEI(context);
//获得AndroidId(无需权限)
String androidid = getAndroidId(context);
//获得设备序列号(无需权限)
String serial = getSERIAL();
//获得硬件uuid(根据硬件相关属性,生成uuid)(无需权限)
String uuid = getDeviceUUID().replace("-", "");
//追加imei
if (imei != null && imei.length() > 0) {
sbDeviceId.append(imei);
sbDeviceId.append("|");
}
//追加androidid
if (androidid != null && androidid.length() > 0) {
sbDeviceId.append(androidid);
sbDeviceId.append("|");
}
//追加serial
if (serial != null && serial.length() > 0) {
sbDeviceId.append(serial);
sbDeviceId.append("|");
}
//追加硬件uuid
if (uuid != null && uuid.length() > 0) {
sbDeviceId.append(uuid);
}
//生成SHA1,统一DeviceId长度
if (sbDeviceId.length() > 0) {
try {
byte[] hash = getHashByString(sbDeviceId.toString());
String sha1 = bytesToHex(hash);
if (sha1 != null && sha1.length() > 0) {
//返回最终的DeviceId
SharedPreferencesUtil.getInstance(context).setDeviceId(sha1);
return sha1;
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
//如果以上硬件标识数据均无法获得,
//则DeviceId默认使用系统随机数,这样保证DeviceId不为空
String randomDeviceId = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
SharedPreferencesUtil.getInstance(context).setDeviceId(randomDeviceId);
return randomDeviceId;
}
//需要获得READ_PHONE_STATE权限,>=6.0,默认返回null
private static String getIMEI(Context context) {
try {
TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager) context.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
return tm.getDeviceId();
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return "";
}
/**
* 获得设备的AndroidId
*
* @param context 上下文
* @return 设备的AndroidId
*/
private static String getAndroidId(Context context) {
try {
return Settings.Secure.getString(context.getContentResolver(), Settings.Secure.ANDROID_ID);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return "";
}
/**
* 获得设备序列号(如:WTK7N16923005607), 个别设备无法获取
*
* @return 设备序列号
*/
private static String getSERIAL() {
try {
return Build.SERIAL;
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return "";
}
/**
* 获得设备硬件uuid
* 使用硬件信息,计算出一个随机数
*
* @return 设备硬件uuid
*/
private static String getDeviceUUID() {
try {
String dev = "3883756" +
Build.BOARD.length() % 10 +
Build.BRAND.length() % 10 +
Build.DEVICE.length() % 10 +
Build.HARDWARE.length() % 10 +
Build.ID.length() % 10 +
Build.MODEL.length() % 10 +
Build.PRODUCT.length() % 10 +
Build.SERIAL.length() % 10;
return new UUID(dev.hashCode(),
Build.SERIAL.hashCode()).toString();
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
return "";
}
}
/**
* 取SHA1
* @param data 数据
* @return 对应的hash值
*/
private static byte[] getHashByString(String data)
{
try{
MessageDigest messageDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
messageDigest.reset();
messageDigest.update(data.getBytes("UTF-8"));
return messageDigest.digest();
} catch (Exception e){
return "".getBytes();
}
}
/**
* 转16进制字符串
* @param data 数据
* @return 16进制字符串
*/
private static String bytesToHex(byte[] data){
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
String stmp;
for (int n = 0; n < data.length; n++){
stmp = (Integer.toHexString(data[n] & 0xFF));
if (stmp.length() == 1)
sb.append("0");
sb.append(stmp);
}
return sb.toString().toUpperCase(Locale.CHINA);
}
}