Apache+Tomcat实现负载均衡

最新推荐文章于 2021-11-08 00:48:05 发布

zhuang_sen

最新推荐文章于 2021-11-08 00:48:05 发布

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一、规划

前端Apache:192.168.10.135

后端tomcat:192.168.10.132

192.168.10.133

二、配置Tomcat

①配置server.xml

 
         # vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml               ##位于103行 
        
         TomcatA: 
        
         <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="TomcatA"> 
        
         TomcatB: 
        
         <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="TomcatB">

②配置测试页

 
         # cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT 
        
         # mv index.jsp index.jsp.bak 
        
         # vi index.jsp

TomcatA:

 
         <%@ page language="java" %> 
        
         <html> 
        
           <head><title>TomcatA</title></head> 
        
           <body> 
        
             <h1><font color="green">TomcatA </font></h1> 
        
             <table align="centre" border="1"> 
        
               <tr> 
        
                 <td>Session ID</td> 
        
             <% session.setAttribute("abc","abc"); %> 
        
                 <td><%= session.getId() %></td> 
        
               </tr> 
        
               <tr> 
        
                 <td>Created on</td> 
        
                 <td><%= session.getCreationTime() %></td> 
        
              </tr> 
        
             </table> 
        
           </body> 
        
         </html>

TomcatB:

 
         <%@ page language="java" %> 
        
         <html> 
        
           <head><title>TomcatB</title></head> 
        
           <body> 
        
             <h1><font color="yellow">TomcatB </font></h1> 
        
             <table align="centre" border="1"> 
        
               <tr> 
        
                 <td>Session ID</td> 
        
             <% session.setAttribute("abc","abc"); %> 
        
                 <td><%= session.getId() %></td> 
        
               </tr> 
        
               <tr> 
        
                 <td>Created on</td> 
        
                 <td><%= session.getCreationTime() %></td> 
        
              </tr> 
        
             </table> 
        
           </body> 
        
         </html>

三、基于mod_jk实现

①配置mod_jk配置文件

 
         # vi /etc/httpd/conf/mod_jk.conf 
        
         JkWorkersFile  /etc/httpd/conf/workers.properties   ##指出mod_jk工作所需文件位置 
        
         JkLogFile  logs/mod_jk.log                   ##指定日志输出文件位置 
        
         JkLogLevel  debug                         ##指定日志级别 
        
         JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y]" 
        
         JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompat -ForwardDirectories 
        
         JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T" 
        
         JkMount  /*  lbcluster1                   ##指定负载均衡器名称 
        
         JkMount  /status/  stat1                 ##指定状态信息

②配置worker.properties

 
         # vi /etc/httpd/conf/workers.properties 
        
         # workers 列表 
        
         worker.list = lbcluster1,stat1 
        
         #------------------------------------------------- 
        
         # tomcat实例1 
        
         #------------------------------------------------- 
        
         worker.TomcatA.type = ajp13              ##定向包协议 
        
         worker.TomcatA.host = 192.168.10.132     ##tomcat主机地址 
        
         worker.TomcatA.port = 8009            ##TomcatA实例端口 
        
         worker.TomcatA.lbfactor = 1             ##负载均衡权重为1 
        
         #------------------------------------------------- 
        
         # tomcat实例2 
        
         #------------------------------------------------- 
        
         worker.TomcatB.type = ajp13 
        
         worker.TomcatB.host = 192.168.10.133 
        
         worker.TomcatB.port = 8009 
        
         worker.TomcatB.lbfactor = 1 
        
         #------------------------------------------------- 
        
         # load balancer worker --负载均衡控制器 
        
         # ------------------------------------------------ 
        
         worker.lbcluster1.type = lb             ##负载均衡work，lb内置类 
        
         worker.lbcluster1.sticky_session = 0       ##会话是否绑定 
        
         worker.lbcluster1.balance_workers = TomcatA, TomcatB     ##指定集群拥有实例 
        
         worker.stat1.type = status                    ##状态信息

③配置httpd

 
         # vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 
        
         LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so           ##加载mod_jk模块 
        
         Include /etc/httpd/conf/mod_jk.conf             ##指定mod_jk配置文件

④测试

输入前端Apache地址查看

刷新后继续查看

前端输入http://localhost/status/查看集群状态

⑤实现会话复制

a.在 <Engine>或 <Host>元素节点下添加以下内容:

 
         # vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml 
        
         <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" 
        
                          channelSendOptions="8"> 
        
                   <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager" 
        
                            expireSessionsOnShutdown="false" 
        
                            notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/> 
        
                   <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel"> 
        
                     <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService" 
        
                                 address="228.0.0.4" 
        
                                 port="45564" 
        
                                 frequency="500" 
        
                                 dropTime="3000"/> 
        
                     <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver" 
        
                               address="auto" 
        
                               port="4000" 
        
                               autoBind="100" 
        
                               selectorTimeout="5000" 
        
                               maxThreads="6"/> 
        
                     <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter"> 
        
                       <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/> 
        
                     </Sender> 
        
                     <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/> 
        
                     <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/> 
        
                   </Channel> 
        
                   <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve" 
        
                          filter=""/> 
        
                   <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/> 
        
                   <Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer" 
        
                             tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/" 
        
                             deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/" 
        
                             watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/" 
        
                             watchEnabled="false"/> 
        
                   <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/> 
        
                 </Cluster>

b.在启用集群功能的web应用程序的web.xml中添加<distributable/>以实现集群功能

 
         # vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/web.xml 
        
         <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" 
        
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
        
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee 
        
                               http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" 
        
           version="3.1"> 
        
         <distributable/> 
        
         # cp /usr/local/tomcat/conf/web.xml /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/WEB-INF/

详情:http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-9.0-doc/cluster-howto.html

c.测试

输入前端Apache地址查看

刷新后继续查看

TomcatA和TomcatB已经实现了会话共享

四、基于mod_proxy实现

①查看相关代理模块是否装载(其中balancer为集群实现模块)

 
         # httpd -D DUMP_MODULES | grep proxy          
        
          proxy_module (shared) 
        
          proxy_ajp_module (shared) 
        
          proxy_balancer_module (shared) 
        
          proxy_connect_module (shared) 
        
          proxy_express_module (shared) 
        
          proxy_fcgi_module (shared) 
        
          proxy_fdpass_module (shared) 
        
          proxy_ftp_module (shared) 
        
          proxy_http_module (shared) 
        
          proxy_scgi_module (shared)

②配置httpd

 
         # vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 
        
         <VirtualHost *:80> 
        
         ServerAdmin localhost 
        
         ServerName localhost 
        
         ProxyPass / balancer://cluster1/ stickysession=jsessionid 
        
         ProxyPassReverse / balancer://cluster1/ 
        
         </VirtualHost> 
        
         ProxyRequests Off 
        
         <proxy balancer://cluster1> 
        
         BalancerMember ajp://192.168.10.132:8009 loadfactor=1 route=TomcatA 
        
         BalancerMember ajp://192.168.10.133:8009 loadfactor=1 route=TomcatB 
        
         ProxySet  lbmethod=bytraffic 
        
         </Proxy>

注:

ProxySet lbmethod={byrequests|bytraffic|bybusyness}:负载均衡的实现方式

byrequests:按照请求次数负载均衡(默认)

bytraffic:按照流量负载均衡

bybusyness:安装繁忙程度负载均衡(总是分配给活跃请求数最少的服务器)

③测试

输入TomcatA地址查看:

输入TomcatB地址查看:

输入前端Apache地址查看:

刷新继续查看:

本文出自 “记事本” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://wangzhijian.blog.51cto.com/6427016/1718502

zhuang_sen

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Apache+Tomcat实现负载均衡

一、规划前端Apache:192.168.10.135后端tomcat:192.168.10.132 192.168.10.133二、配置Tomcat①配置server.xml12345# vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
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