Linux/Unix shell 参数传递到SQL脚本
2013年03月07日 14:23:08
阅读数:8251
在数据库运维的过程中,Shell 脚本在很大程度上为运维提供了极大的便利性。而shell 脚本参数作为变量传递给SQL以及SQL脚本也是DBA经常碰到的情形之一。本文主要讨论了如何将shell脚本的参数传递到SQL脚本之中并执行SQL查询。
有关shell与SQL之间的变量传递,请参考: Linux/Unix shell sql 之间传递变量
1、启动sqlplus时执行脚本并传递参数
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robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more tmp.sh
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#!/bin/bash
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# ----------------------------------------------
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# Set environment here
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# Author : Robinson Cheng
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# Blog : http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612
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# ----------------------------------------------
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if [ -f ~/.bash_profile ]; then
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. ~/.bash_profile
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fi
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if [ -z "${1}" ] || [ -z "${2}" ] || [ -z "${3}" ] ;then
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echo "Usage: "
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echo " `basename $0` <ORACLE_SID> <begin_dat> <end_date>"
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read -p "please input begin ORACLE_SID:" ORACLE_SID
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read -p "please input begin date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):" begin_date
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read -p "please input end date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):" end_date
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else
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ORACLE_SID=${1}
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begin_date=${2}
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end_date=${3}
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fi
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export ORACLE_SID begin_date end_date
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#Method 1: pass the parameter to script directly after script name
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sqlplus -S gx_adm/gx_adm @/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/awr/tmp.sql $begin_date $end_date
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exit
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robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more tmp.sql
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SELECT snap_id, dbid, snap_level
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FROM dba_hist_snapshot
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WHERE TO_CHAR (begin_interval_time, 'yyyymmddhh24') = '&1'
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AND TO_CHAR (end_interval_time, 'yyyymmddhh24') = '&2';
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exit;
2、在SQL提示符下传递参数
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robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more tmp2.sh
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#!/bin/bash
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# ----------------------------------------------
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# Set environment here
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# Author : Robinson Cheng
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# Blog : http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612
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# ----------------------------------------------
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if [ -f ~/.bash_profile ]; then
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. ~/.bash_profile
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fi
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if [ -z "${1}" ] || [ -z "${2}" ] || [ -z "${3}" ] ;then
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echo "Usage: "
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echo " `basename $0` <ORACLE_SID> <begin_dat> <end_date>"
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read -p "please input begin ORACLE_SID:" ORACLE_SID
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read -p "please input begin date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):" begin_date
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read -p "please input end date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):" end_date
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else
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ORACLE_SID=${1}
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begin_date=${2}
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end_date=${3}
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fi
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export ORACLE_SID begin_date end_date
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#Method 2: pass the parameter in SQL prompt. Using the same method with method 1
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sqlplus -S " / as sysdba" <<EOF
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@/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/awr/tmp.sql $begin_date $end_date
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exit;
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EOF
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exit
3、通过定义变量的方式来传递参数
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robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more tmp3.sh
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#!/bin/bash
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# ----------------------------------------------
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# Set environment here
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# Author : Robinson Cheng
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# Blog : http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612
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# ----------------------------------------------
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if [ -f ~/.bash_profile ]; then
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. ~/.bash_profile
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fi
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if [ -z "${1}" ] || [ -z "${2}" ] || [ -z "${3}" ] ;then
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echo "Usage: "
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echo " `basename $0` <ORACLE_SID> <begin_dat> <end_date>"
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read -p "please input begin ORACLE_SID:" ORACLE_SID
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read -p "please input begin date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):" begin_date
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read -p "please input end date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):" end_date
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else
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ORACLE_SID=${1}
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begin_date=${2}
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end_date=${3}
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fi
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export ORACLE_SID begin_date end_date
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#Method 3: pass the parameter to global variable firstly.
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sqlplus -S " / as sysdba" <<EOF
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define begin_date=$begin_date
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define end_date=$end_date
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prompt "variable value for begin_date is: &begin_date"
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prompt "variable value for end_date id : &end_date"
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@/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/awr/tmp3.sql begin_date end_date
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exit;
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EOF
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exit
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robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more tmp3.sql
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SELECT snap_id, dbid, snap_level
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FROM dba_hist_snapshot
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WHERE TO_CHAR (begin_interval_time, 'yyyymmddhh24') = '&begin_date'
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AND TO_CHAR (end_interval_time, 'yyyymmddhh24') = '&end_date';
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exit;
4、测试脚本
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robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> ./tmp.sh
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Usage:
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tmp.sh <ORACLE_SID> <begin_dat> <end_date>
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please input begin ORACLE_SID:CNMMBO
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please input begin date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):2013030709
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please input end date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):2013030710
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SNAP_ID DBID SNAP_LEVEL
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---------- ---------- ----------
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13877 938506715 1
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robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> ./tmp2.sh MMBOTST 2013030709 2013030710
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SNAP_ID DBID SNAP_LEVEL
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---------- ---------- ----------
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36262 3509254984 1
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robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> ./tmp3.sh MMBOTST 2013030710 2013030711
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"variable value for begin_date is: 2013030710"
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"variable value for end_date id : 2013030711"
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SNAP_ID DBID SNAP_LEVEL
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---------- ---------- ----------
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36263 3509254984 1
5、小结
a、本文主要描述了将shell的参数传递给SQL脚本
b、方式1的用法是直接将shell变量跟在脚本之后, sqlplus userid/pwd @script_name $para1 $para2
c、方式2是启动sqlplus后在SQL提示符下来传递参数, SQL>@script_name $para1 $para2
d、方式3则是将shell变量的值先传递给define定义的变量,然后再传递给SQL脚本 SQL>@script_name var1 var2
e、注意方式3中SQL脚本的替代变量与define定义的变量名相同