Spring Boot(六):Servlet容器

1. 修改配置信息

  • 配置信息
#servlet容器的修改
server.port=80888

在配置文件中修改服务器端口,配置文件绑定的配置类是

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "server", ignoreUnknownFields = true)
public class ServerProperties 
    implements EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer, EnvironmentAware, Ordered {
    
    @Override
	public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {
		if (getPort() != null) {
			container.setPort(getPort());
		}
		if (getAddress() != null) {
			container.setAddress(getAddress());
		}
		if (getContextPath() != null) {
			container.setContextPath(getContextPath());
		}
		if (getDisplayName() != null) {
			container.setDisplayName(getDisplayName());
		}
		if (getSession().getTimeout() != null) {
			container.setSessionTimeout(getSession().getTimeout());
		}
		container.setPersistSession(getSession().isPersistent());
		container.setSessionStoreDir(getSession().getStoreDir());
		if (getSsl() != null) {
			container.setSsl(getSsl());
		}
		if (getJspServlet() != null) {
			container.setJspServlet(getJspServlet());
		}
		if (getCompression() != null) {
			container.setCompression(getCompression());
		}
		container.setServerHeader(getServerHeader());
		if (container instanceof TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory) {
			getTomcat().customizeTomcat(this,
					(TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory) container);
		}
		if (container instanceof JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory) {
			getJetty().customizeJetty(this,
					(JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory) container);
		}

		if (container instanceof UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory) {
			getUndertow().customizeUndertow(this,
					(UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory) container);
		}
		container.addInitializers(new SessionConfiguringInitializer(this.session));
		container.addInitializers(new InitParameterConfiguringServletContextInitializer(
				getContextParameters()));
	}
    
}
  • 使用代码 EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer扩展

实现EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer接口,将扩展类注册到容器中;

	/**
     * 代码扩展servlet容器配置
     */
    @Bean
    public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer embeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {
        //使用匿名内部类,创建一个实现类
        return new EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {
            @Override
            public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {
                container.setPort(8888);
            }
        };
    }

两种方式的原理都是一致的,ServerProperties也是实现了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer类,将配置文件的内容赋值到container中。

2. 注册servlet三大组件

由于SpringBoot默认是以jar包的方式启动嵌入式的Servlet容器来启动SpringBoot的web应用,没有web.xml文件。
注册三大组件用以下方式

package cn.mh.sb.webcrud.servlets;
 
/**
 * 用于注册servlet三大组件
 *
 * @author: mahao
 * @date: 2019/11/24
 */
@Configuration
public class Config {

    //注册servlet
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean servletRegistrationBean() {
        ServletRegistrationBean bean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new MyServlet(), "/myservlet");
        return bean;
    }


    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean() {
        FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
        filterRegistrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter());
        filterRegistrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/*"));
        return filterRegistrationBean;
    }


    @Bean
    public ServletListenerRegistrationBean<MyListener> servletListenerRegistrationBean() {
        ServletListenerRegistrationBean servletListenerRegistrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean();
        servletListenerRegistrationBean.setListener(new MyListener());
        return servletListenerRegistrationBean;
    }
}

3. 使用其他servlet容器

移除tomcat启动器,引入jetty启动器;

	<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <!--移除tomcat依赖-->
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <!--引入jetty依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
        </dependency>

4. 嵌入式servlet容器配置原理

内置的容器配置类是 EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration 类,

@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@Import(BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar.class)
public class EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration {

	/**
	 * Nested configuration if Tomcat is being used.
	 */
	@Configuration
	@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Tomcat.class })
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)//如果满足条件,则加载这个EmbeddedTomcat表示是tomcat的类
	public static class EmbeddedTomcat {
		
        //注册TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory是工厂类。
		@Bean
		public TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
			return new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
		}

	}

在这里插入图片描述
EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration里面有三个静态类,分别是三个内嵌的servlet容器,会根据引入的依赖去选择加载那个内嵌的服务器容器,这里是使用tomcat;

		@Bean
		public TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
			return new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
		}

TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory的方法getEmbeddedServletContainer()是获取servlet容器的:

@Override
	public EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
			ServletContextInitializer... initializers) {
		Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
        //设置tomcat的参数
		File baseDir = (this.baseDirectory != null ? this.baseDirectory
				: createTempDir("tomcat"));
		tomcat.setBaseDir(baseDir.getAbsolutePath());
		Connector connector = new Connector(this.protocol);
		tomcat.getService().addConnector(connector);
		customizeConnector(connector);
		tomcat.setConnector(connector);
		tomcat.getHost().setAutoDeploy(false);
		configureEngine(tomcat.getEngine());
		for (Connector additionalConnector : this.additionalTomcatConnectors) {
			tomcat.getService().addConnector(additionalConnector);
		}
		prepareContext(tomcat.getHost(), initializers);
        //获取servlet容器;
		return getTomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(tomcat);
	}
	
	//将tomcat封装成TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer
	protected TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer getTomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(
			Tomcat tomcat) {
		return new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(tomcat, getPort() >= 0);
	}
	
	//构造方法
	public TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(Tomcat tomcat, boolean autoStart) {
		Assert.notNull(tomcat, "Tomcat Server must not be null");
		this.tomcat = tomcat;
		this.autoStart = autoStart;
		initialize();//重要额初始化方法
	}

	//初始化方法
	private void initialize() throws EmbeddedServletContainerException {
		TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer.logger
				.info("Tomcat initialized with port(s): " + getPortsDescription(false));
		synchronized (this.monitor) {
			try {
				addInstanceIdToEngineName();
				try {
					// Remove service connectors to that protocol binding doesn't happen
					// yet
					removeServiceConnectors();

					// Start the server to trigger initialization listeners
					this.tomcat.start();//启动了tomcat容器,所以会在获取容器的时候,启动服务。

					// We can re-throw failure exception directly in the main thread
					rethrowDeferredStartupExceptions();

					Context context = findContext();
					try {
						ContextBindings.bindClassLoader(context, getNamingToken(context),
								getClass().getClassLoader());
					}
					catch (NamingException ex) {
						// Naming is not enabled. Continue
					}

					// Unlike Jetty, all Tomcat threads are daemon threads. We create a
					// blocking non-daemon to stop immediate shutdown
					startDaemonAwaitThread();
				}
				catch (Exception ex) {
					containerCounter.decrementAndGet();
					throw ex;
				}
			}
			catch (Exception ex) {
				throw new EmbeddedServletContainerException(
						"Unable to start embedded Tomcat", ex);
			}
		}
	}

通过上面的分析,我们好奇的是tomcat的什么时候会被触发启动,也就是什么时候调用TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory的方法getEmbeddedServletContainer()的方法,通过在这个方法上打断点分析,而且还有,我们配置的 EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer什么时候会被解析去获取参数。先观察什么时候会被启动服务器;

简单的就是:

//EmbeddedWebApplicationContext类,他是AbstractApplicationContext子类,他重写了父类的refresh()方法,这个方法是执行在所有bean初始化结束后,供给子类实现的。

	@Override
	public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
		synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
			// Prepare this context for refreshing.
			prepareRefresh();

			// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

			// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
			prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

			try {
				// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
				postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

				// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
				invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
				registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				// Initialize message source for this context.
				initMessageSource();

				// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
				initApplicationEventMulticaster();

				// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
                //EmbeddedWebApplicationContext重写了这个方法,去创建并且启动服务器容器;
				onRefresh();

				// Check for listener beans and register them.
				registerListeners();

				// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
				finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

				// Last step: publish corresponding event.
				finishRefresh();
			}

			catch (BeansException ex) {
				if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
					logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
							"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
				}

				// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
				destroyBeans();

				// Reset 'active' flag.
				cancelRefresh(ex);

				// Propagate exception to caller.
				throw ex;
			}

			finally {
				// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
				// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
				resetCommonCaches();
			}
		}
	}

	
	//EmbeddedWebApplicationContext类重写的方法;
	@Override
	protected void onRefresh() {
		super.onRefresh();
		try {
            //创建内嵌的servlet容器
			createEmbeddedServletContainer();
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new ApplicationContextException("Unable to start embedded container",
					ex);
		}
	}
//创建的方法
private void createEmbeddedServletContainer() {
		EmbeddedServletContainer localContainer = this.embeddedServletContainer;
		ServletContext localServletContext = getServletContext();
		if (localContainer == null && localServletContext == null) {
			EmbeddedServletContainerFactory containerFactory = getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
            //从spring容器中获取containerFactory工厂,进而去调用容器创建和初始化。
			this.embeddedServletContainer = containerFactory
					.getEmbeddedServletContainer(getSelfInitializer());
		}
		else if (localServletContext != null) {
			try {
				getSelfInitializer().onStartup(localServletContext);
			}
			catch (ServletException ex) {
				throw new ApplicationContextException("Cannot initialize servlet context",
						ex);
			}
		}
		initPropertySources();
	}
 

上面分析了servlet容器的创建过程,知道servlet容器是ioc创建的时候,留下的钩子方法 onRefresh()方法,让子类去实现自定义的扩展功能。但是我们仍然不知道,我们自己写的servlet容器的扩展配置类是如何被加载和使用的,我们需要连接spring的一个组件 BeanPostProcessor,这个是在bean初始化完成前后会执行的方法,而且是在 onrefresh()方法之前,所以我们研究一下;

在servlet容器的配置类上有一个注解,@Import是导入BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar要去注册的类,我们查看下registerBeanDefinitions方法:

@Import(BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar.class)
public class EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration {

registerBeanDefinitions()

	@Override
		public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata,
				BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
			if (this.beanFactory == null) {
				return;
			}
            //注册一个后置处理bean,EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor
			registerSyntheticBeanIfMissing(registry,
					"embeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor",
					EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor.class);
			registerSyntheticBeanIfMissing(registry,
					"errorPageRegistrarBeanPostProcessor",
					ErrorPageRegistrarBeanPostProcessor.class);
		}

查看这个类的方法:

	@Override
	public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)
			throws BeansException {
		if (bean instanceof ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) {
            //执行配置类赋值
			postProcessBeforeInitialization((ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) bean);
		}
		return bean;
	}
	
	
	private void postProcessBeforeInitialization(
			ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer bean) {
        //发现没有,是遍历所有的容器中的EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer,然后取出来执行他们接口中定义的方法;getCustomizers()就是从BeanFactory中取出EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer类型的组件。
		for (EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer customizer : getCustomizers()) {
			customizer.customize(bean);
		}
	}

	//看他们的customer方法,就是我们用来实现的。
	/**
     * 代码扩展servlet容器配置
     */
    @Bean
    public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer embeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {
        //使用匿名内部类,创建一个实现类
        return new EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {
            @Override
            public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {
                container.setPort(8888);
            }
        };
    }
	//对于servlet容器默认的配置类,ServerProperties,他也是EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer的子类;
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "server", ignoreUnknownFields = true)
public class ServerProperties
		implements EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer, EnvironmentAware, Ordered {

配置步骤:
1)、SpringBoot根据导入的依赖情况,给容器中添加相应的
EmbeddedServletContainerFactory【TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory】
2)、容器中某个组件要创建对象就会惊动后置处理器;
EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor;
只要是嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂,后置处理器就工作;
3)、后置处理器,从容器中获取所有的EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer,调用定制器的定制方法
启动步骤:
1)、SpringBoot应用启动运行run方法
2)、refreshContext(context);SpringBoot刷新IOC容器【创建IOC容器对象,并初始化容器,创建容器中的每一
个组件】;如果是web应用创建AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext,否则:
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext
3)、refresh(context);刷新刚才创建好的ioc容器;
4)、 onRefresh(); web的ioc容器重写了onRefresh方法
5)、webioc容器会创建嵌入式的Servlet容器;createEmbeddedServletContainer();
6)、获取嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂:
EmbeddedServletContainerFactory containerFactory = getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
从ioc容器中获取EmbeddedServletContainerFactory 组件
TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory创建对象,后置处理器一看是这个对象,就获取所有的定制器来先定制Servlet容器的相关配置;
7)、使用容器工厂获取嵌入式的Servlet容器:this.embeddedServletContainer = containerFactory
.getEmbeddedServletContainer(getSelfInitializer());
8)、嵌入式的Servlet容器创建对象并启动Servlet容器;

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