IOS protocol 的使用

一、说明 
两个类进行通讯，用协议就比较方便。 

（书本上的东东，还是得看看） 
1.协议声明了可以被任何类实现的方法 
2.协议不是类，它是定义了一个其他对象可以实现的接口 
3.如果在某个类中实现了协议中的某个方法，也就是这个类实现了那个协议。 
4.协议经常用来实现委托对象。一个委托对象是一种用来协同或者代表其他对象的特殊对象。 
5:委托，就是调用自己定义方法，别的类来实现。 
6.新特性说明 
@optional预编译指令：表示可以选择实现的方法 
@required预编译指令：表示必须强制实现的方法 

二、定义 
.h 

@protocol ContactCtrlDelegate 
-(void)DismissContactsCtrl; 
@end 

@interface ContactsCtrl : UIViewController { 
    id <ContactCtrlDelegate> delegate; 
} 
@property (nonatomic, assign) id <ContactCtrlDelegate> delegate; 

.m 

@synthesize delegate; 

三、例子 

例如：UITextView 

@protocol UITextViewDelegate <NSObject> 
@optional 
- (BOOL)textViewShouldBeginEditing:(UITextView *)textView; 
- (BOOL)textViewShouldEndEditing:(UITextView *)textView; 
- (void)textViewDidBeginEditing:(UITextView *)textView; 
- (void)textViewDidEndEditing:(UITextView *)textView; 
- (BOOL)textView:(UITextView *)textView shouldChangeTextInRange:(NSRange)range replacementText:(NSString *)text; 
- (void)textViewDidChange:(UITextView *)textView; 
- (void)textViewDidChangeSelection:(UITextView *)textView; 
@end 

如果要调用以上这些方法，就必须设置UITextView的委托：TextView.delegate = self; 

四、Demo 
1、ContactsCtrl.h 

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h> 
//定义协议 
@protocol ContactCtrlDelegate 
-(void)DismissContactsCtrl; 
@end 
@interface ContactsCtrl : UIViewController { 
    IBOutlet UINavigationBar *ContactNavBar; 
    id <ContactCtrlDelegate> delegate; 
} 
@property (nonatomic, assign) id <ContactCtrlDelegate> delegate; 
-(IBAction)canCelBtn:(id)sender; 
@end 

2、ContactsCtrl.m 

@implementation ContactsCtrl 
@synthesize delegate; 
// Implement viewDidLoad to do additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. 
- (void)viewDidLoad { 
    [super viewDidLoad]; 
    ContactNavBar.topItem.prompt = @"选取联系人发送短信"; 
} 
//调用协议中的方法 
-(IBAction)canCelBtn:(id)sender{ 
    [delegate DismissContactsCtrl]; 
} 

3、ProtocolDemoCtrl.h 

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h> 
#import "ContactsCtrl.h" 
@interface ProtocolDemoCtrl : UIViewController <ContactCtrlDelegate>{//添加委托 
    ContactsCtrl *contactsView; 
} 

4、ProtocolDemoCtrl.m 

#import "ProtocolDemoCtrl.h" 
#define BARBUTTONADD(SELECTOR) [[[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemAdd target:self action:SELECTOR] autorelease]; 
@implementation ProtocolDemoCtrl 
@synthesize contactsView; 
// Implement viewDidLoad to do additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. 
- (void)viewDidLoad { 
    [super viewDidLoad]; 
    self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = BARBUTTONADD(@selector(addContactAction:)); 
} 
- (void)addContactAction:(id)sender{ 
    ContactsCtrl *contactView = [[ContactsCtrl alloc] initWithNibName:@"ContactsCtrl" bundle:nil]; 
    self.contactsView = contactView; 
    contactsView.delegate = self;//设置委托 
    [self presentModalViewController:contactsView animated:YES]; 
    [contactView release];     
} 

//实现ContactCtrlDelegate协议中的方法 
-(void)DismissContactsCtrl{ 
    [contactsView dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES]; 
}