NSPredicate的完全用法

NSPredicate描述查询的方式，原理类似于在数据库中进行查询
计算谓词：
//基本的查询
NSPredicate *predicate;
predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name =='Herbie'"];
    BOOLmatch = [predicate evaluateWithObject: car];
    NSLog(@"%s", (match) ? "YES" : "NO");
//在整个cars里面循环比较
    predicate= [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"engine.horsepower> 150"];
    NSArray*cars = [garage cars];
    for(Car *car in [garage cars]) {
        if([predicate evaluateWithObject: car]) {
            NSLog(@"%@", car.name);
        }
    }
//输出完整的信息
    predicate= [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"engine.horsepower> 150"];
    NSArray*results;
    results= [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog(@"%@", results);
//含有变量的谓词
    NSPredicate*predicateTemplate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name ==$NAME"];
    NSDictionary*varDict;
    varDict= [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
               @"Herbie",@"NAME", nil];
    predicate= [predicateTemplate predicateWithSubstitutionVariables:varDict];
    NSLog(@"SNORGLE:%@", predicate);
    match= [predicate evaluateWithObject: car];
  NSLog (@"%s", (match) ? "YES" :"NO");
//注意不能使用$VARIABLE作为路径名，因为它值代表值
//谓词字符窜还支持c语言中一些常用的运算符
   
    predicate= [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:
                 @"(engine.horsepower> 50) AND (engine.horsepower <200)"];
    results= [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog(@"oop %@", results);
   
    predicate= [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name <'Newton'"];
    results= [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog(@"%@", [results valueForKey: @"name"]);
//强大的数组运算符
    predicate= [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:
                 @"engine.horsepowerBETWEEN { 50, 200 }"];
    results= [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog(@"%@", results);
   
    NSArray*betweens = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
                         [NSNumbernumberWithInt: 50], [NSNumber numberWithInt: 200], nil];
    predicate= [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"engine.horsepower BETWEEN%@", betweens];
    results= [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog(@"%@", results);
    predicateTemplate= [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"engine.horsepower BETWEEN$POWERS"];
    varDict= [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: betweens, @"POWERS",nil];
    predicate= [predicateTemplate predicateWithSubstitutionVariables:varDict];
    results= [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog(@"%@", results);
//IN运算符
    predicate= [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name IN { 'Herbie', 'Snugs','Badger', 'Flap' }"];
    results= [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog(@"%@", [results valueForKey: @"name"]);
    predicate= [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"SELF.name IN { 'Herbie','Snugs', 'Badger', 'Flap' }"];
    results= [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog(@"%@", [results valueForKey: @"name"]);
   
    names= [cars valueForKey: @"name"];
    predicate= [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"SELF IN { 'Herbie', 'Snugs','Badger', 'Flap' }"];
    results= [names filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];//这里限制了SELF的范围
    NSLog(@"%@", results);
//BEGINSWITH,ENDSWITH,CONTAINS
//附加符号，[c],[d],[cd],c表示不区分大小写，d表示不区分发音字符，cd表示什么都不区分
    predicate= [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name BEGINSWITH'Bad'"];
    results= [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog(@"%@", results);
   
    predicate= [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name BEGINSWITH'HERB'"];
    results= [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog(@"%@", results);
   
    predicate= [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name BEGINSWITH[cd]'HERB'"];
    results= [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog(@"%@", results);
//LIKE运算符（通配符）
    predicate= [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name LIKE[cd] '*er*'"];
    results= [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];
    NSLog(@"%@", results);
   
    predicate= [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat: @"name LIKE[cd]'???er*'"];
    results= [cars filteredArrayUsingPredicate: predicate];

    NSLog(@"%@", results);