《快学Scala》第3章 数组相关操作 练习

1. 编写一段代码，将a设置为一个n个随机整数的数组，要求随机数介于0和n之间。

/**
 * Created by Ibuki Suika on 2014/5/26.
 */

object ScalaApp {
  def makeArr(n: Int): Array[Int] = {
    val arr = new Array[Int](n)
    val rand = new util.Random()
    for (elem <- arr) yield rand.nextInt(n)
  }

  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    makeArr(10).foreach(println)
  }
}

2. 编写一个循环，将整数数组中相邻的元素置换。

/**
 * Created by Ibuki Suika on 2014/5/26.
 */

object ScalaApp {
  def exchange(a: Array[Int]) {
    for (i <- 0 until(a.length - 1, 2)) {
      val t = a(i)
      a(i) = a(i + 1)
      a(i + 1) = t
    }
  }

  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    val a = Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
    exchange(a)
    a.foreach(println)
  }
}

3. 重复前一个练习，不过这次生成一个新的值交换过的数组。用for/yield。

/**
 * Created by Ibuki Suika on 2014/5/26.
 */

object ScalaApp {
  def exchange(a: Array[Int]) = {
    for (i <- 0 until a.length) yield {
      if (i < a.length - 1 && i % 2 == 0) {
        val t = a(i + 1)
        a(i + 1) = a(i)
        a(i) = t
      }
      a(i)
    }
  }

  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    val a = Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
    val b = exchange(a)
    b.foreach(println)
  }
}

4. 给定一个整数数组，产出一个新的数组，包含元数组中的所有正值，以原有顺序排列，之后的元素是所有零或负值，以原有顺序排列。

/**
 * Created by Ibuki Suika on 2014/5/26.
 */

import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer

object ScalaApp {
  def exchange(a: Array[Int]) = {
    val buf = new ArrayBuffer[Int]()
    buf ++= (for (i <- a if i > 0) yield i)
    buf ++= (for (i <- a if i == 0) yield i)
    buf ++= (for (i <- a if i < 0) yield i)
    buf.toArray
  }

  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    val a = Array(1, 0, -1, 2, 3, -2, 0, 4, 5)
    val b = exchange(a)
    b.foreach(println)
  }
}

5. 如何计算Array[Double]的平均值？

/**
 * Created by Ibuki Suika on 2014/5/26.
 */

object ScalaApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    val a = Array(1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0)
    val average = a.sum / a.length
    println(average)
  }
}

6. 如何重新组织Array[Int]的元素将它们反序排列？对于ArrayBuffer[Int]你又会怎么做呢？

/**
 * Created by Ibuki Suika on 2014/5/26.
 */

import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer

object ScalaApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    val a = Array(1, 2, 3, 4)
    for (i <- 0 until a.length / 2) {
      val t = a(i)
      val index = a.length - i - 1
      a(i) = a(index)
      a(index) = t
    }
    a.foreach(println)

    val b = new ArrayBuffer[Int]()
    b ++= a.reverse
    b.foreach(println)
  }
}

7. 编写一段代码，产出数组中的所有值，去掉重复项。

/**
 * Created by Ibuki Suika on 2014/5/26.
 */


object ScalaApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    val a = Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5)
    val b = a.distinct
    println(b.mkString(","))
  }
}

8. 重新编写3.4节结尾的示例。收集负值元素的下标，反序，去掉最后一个下标，然后对每一个下标调用a.remove(i)。比较这样做的效率和3.4节中另外两种方法的效率。

/**
 * Created by Ibuki Suika on 2014/5/26.
 */

import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer

object ScalaApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    val arr = ArrayBuffer(1, 2, -3, 4, -4, 5, 6, -4, -5)
    val indexes = for (i <- 0 until arr.length if arr(i) < 0) yield i
    val rindexes = indexes.reverse.dropRight(1)
    for (index <- rindexes) arr.remove(index)
    println(arr.mkString(","))
  }
}

9. 创建一个由java.util.TimeZone.getAvailableIDs返回的时区集合，判断条件是它们在美洲，去掉"America/"前缀并排序。

/**
 * Created by Ibuki Suika on 2014/5/26.
 */

import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer

object ScalaApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    val ids = java.util.TimeZone.getAvailableIDs
    val buf = ArrayBuffer[String]()
    for (elem <- ids) {
      if (elem.startsWith("America/")) {
        val str = elem.drop(8)
        buf += str
      }
    }
    buf.sorted
    buf.foreach(println)
  }
}

10. 引入java.awt.datatransfer._并构建一个类型为SystemFlavorMap类型的对象，然后以DataFlavor.imageFlavor为参数调用getNativesForFlavor方法，以Scala缓冲保存返回值。

/**
 * Created by Ibuki Suika on 2014/5/26.
 */

import java.awt.datatransfer._
import scala.collection.JavaConversions.asScalaBuffer
import scala.collection.mutable.Buffer

object ScalaApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    val flavors = SystemFlavorMap.getDefaultFlavorMap().asInstanceOf[SystemFlavorMap]
    val buf: Buffer[String] = flavors.getNativesForFlavor(DataFlavor.imageFlavor)
    buf.foreach(println)
  }
}