实例

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package simpledraw;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.Canvas;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 *
 * @author 91152
 */
public class SimpleDraw {

    private final String RECT_SHAPE = "rect";
    private final String OVAL_SHAPE = "oval";
    private JFrame jf = new JFrame("简单绘图");
    private JButton rect = new JButton("绘制矩形");
    private JButton oval = new JButton("绘制圆形");
    private MyCanvas drawArea = new MyCanvas();
    private String shape = "";
    public void init(){
        JPanel p = new JPanel();
        p.add(rect);
        p.add(oval);
        rect.addActionListener(event ->{
            shape = RECT_SHAPE;
            drawArea.repaint();
        });
        oval.addActionListener(event ->{
            shape = OVAL_SHAPE;
            drawArea.repaint();
        });
        //下面肯定是为了pack()的原因
        drawArea.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(250,180));
        jf.add(drawArea);
        jf.add(p,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        jf.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        jf.pack();
        jf.setVisible(true);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new SimpleDraw().init();
    }
    

class MyCanvas extends Canvas{
    public void paint(Graphics g){
        Random rand = new Random();
        if(shape.equals(RECT_SHAPE)){
            g.setColor(new Color(220,100,80));
            g.drawRect(rand.nextInt(200), rand.nextInt(120), 40, 60);
        }
        if(shape.equals(OVAL_SHAPE)){
            g.setColor(new Color(80,100,200));
            g.fillOval(rand.nextInt(200), rand.nextInt(120), 50, 40);
            
    }
    }
}
}