本文介绍了一种AXI_LITE_MASTER模块的设计与实现，该模块能够在AXI总线上作为MASTER发起读写操作，与PS端进行通信，并通过AXI_LITE_SLAVE接口使特定寄存器对PS可见。文章详细解释了模块参数配置、状态机控制逻辑及信号交互过程。
全兼容ZEDBOARD 开发板子 SYSCLK.TAOBAO.COM
1，这个实验要做一个AXI LITE 总线的MASTER 也就说能够自己发起读写控制，从AXI 总线上读写数据。
2，这个实验要做是实现对指定的地址进行读，以及写，这个地址以及读写寄存器都是可以在PS端看到的。
3，上述寄存器是MASTER的跟PS通讯接口，我们将这几个寄存器通过一种方式可以被PS寻址到，就用AXI_LITE_SLAVE。
4，编码阶段：
`timescale 1 ns / 1 ps
module AXI_LITE_MASTER_v1_0_M00_AXI #
(
// Users to add parameters here
// User parameters ends
// Do not modify the parameters beyond this line
// The master will start generating data from the C_M_START_DATA_VALUE value
parameter C_M_START_DATA_VALUE = 32'hAA000000,
// The master requires a target slave base address.
// The master will initiate read and write transactions on the slave with base address specified here as a parameter.
parameter C_M_TARGET_SLAVE_BASE_ADDR = 32'h40000000,
// Width of M_AXI address bus.
// The master generates the read and write addresses of width specified as C_M_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH.
parameter integer C_M_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH = 32,
// Width of M_AXI data bus.
// The master issues write data and accept read data where the width of the data bus is C_M_AXI_DATA_WIDTH
parameter integer C_M_AXI_DATA_WIDTH = 32,
// Transaction number is the number of write
// and read transactions the master will perform as a part of this example memory test.
parameter integer C_M_TRANSACTIONS_NUM = 4
)
(
// Users to add ports here
input [31:0] start_addr,
output reg [31:0] dout,
input [31:0] din ,
input do_read,do_write ,
output read_done ,write_done ,
output error ,
// User ports ends
// Do not modify the ports beyond this line
// Initiate AXI transactions
input wire INIT_AXI_TXN,
// Asserts when ERROR is detected
output reg ERROR,
// Asserts when AXI transactions is complete
output wire TXN_DONE,
// AXI clock signal
input wire M_AXI_ACLK,
// AXI active low reset signal
input wire M_AXI_ARESETN,
// Master Interface Write Address Channel ports. Write address (issued by master)
output wire [C_M_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH-1 : 0] M_AXI_AWADDR,
// Write channel Protection type.
// This signal indicates the privilege and security level of the transaction,
// and whether the transaction is a data access or an instruction access.
output wire [2 : 0] M_AXI_AWPROT,
// Write address valid.
// This signal indicates that the master signaling valid write address and control information.
output wire M_AXI_AWVALID,
// Write address ready.
// This signal indicates that the slave is ready to accept an address and associated control signals.
input wire M_AXI_AWREADY,
// Master Interface Write Data Channel ports. Write data (issued by master)
output wire [C_M_AXI_DATA_WIDTH-1 : 0] M_AXI_WDATA,
// Write strobes.
// This signal indicates which byte lanes hold valid data.
// There is one write strobe bit for each eight bits of the write data bus.
output wire [C_M_AXI_DATA_WIDTH/8-1 : 0] M_AXI_WSTRB,
// Write valid. This signal indicates that valid write data and strobes are available.
output wire M_AXI_WVALID,
// Write ready. This signal indicates that the slave can accept the write data.
input wire M_AXI_WREADY,
// Master Interface Write Response Channel ports.
// This signal indicates the status of the write transaction.
input wire [1 : 0] M_AXI_BRESP,
// Write response valid.
// This signal indicates that the channel is signaling a valid write response
input wire M_AXI_BVALID,
// Response ready. This signal indicates that the master can accept a write response.
output wire M_AXI_BREADY,
// Master Interface Read Address Channel ports. Read address (issued by master)
output wire [C_M_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH-1 : 0] M_AXI_ARADDR,
// Protection type.
// This signal indicates the privilege and security level of the transaction,
// and whether the transaction is a data access or an instruction access.
output wire [2 : 0] M_AXI_ARPROT,
// Read address valid.
// This signal indicates that the channel is signaling valid read address and control information.
output wire M_AXI_ARVALID,
// Read address ready.
// This signal indicates that the slave is ready to accept an address and associated control signals.
input wire M_AXI_ARREADY,
// Master Interface Read Data Channel ports. Read data (issued by slave)
input wire [C_M_AXI_DATA_WIDTH-1 : 0] M_AXI_RDATA,
// Read response. This signal indicates the status of the read transfer.
input wire [1 : 0] M_AXI_RRESP,
// Read valid. This signal indicates that the channel is signaling the required read data.
input wire M_AXI_RVALID,
// Read ready. This signal indicates that the master can accept the read data and response information.
output wire M_AXI_RREADY
);
// function called clogb2 that returns an integer which has the
// value of the ceiling of the log base 2
function integer clogb2 (input integer bit_depth);
begin
for(clogb2=0; bit_depth>0; clogb2=clogb2+1)
bit_depth = bit_depth >> 1;
end
endfunction
// TRANS_NUM_BITS is the width of the index counter for
// number of write or read transaction.
localparam integer TRANS_NUM_BITS = clogb2(C_M_TRANSACTIONS_NUM-1);
// Example State machine to initialize counter, initialize write transactions,
// initialize read transactions and comparison of read data with the
// written data words.
parameter [1:0] IDLE = 2'b00, // This state initiates AXI4Lite transaction
// after the state machine changes state to INIT_WRITE
// when there is 0 to 1 transition on INIT_AXI_TXN
INIT_WRITE = 2'b01, // This state initializes write transaction,
// once writes are done, the state machine
// changes state to INIT_READ
INIT_READ = 2'b10, // This state initializes read transaction
// once reads are done, the state machine
// changes state to INIT_COMPARE
INIT_COMPARE = 2'b11; // This state issues the status of comparison
// of the written data with the read data
reg [1:0] mst_exec_state;
// AXI4LITE signals
//write address valid
reg axi_awvalid;
//write data valid
reg axi_wvalid;
//read address valid
reg axi_arvalid;
//read data acceptance
reg axi_rready;
//write response acceptance
reg axi_bready;
//write address
reg [C_M_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH-1 : 0] axi_awaddr;
//write data
reg [C_M_AXI_DATA_WIDTH-1 : 0] axi_wdata;
//read addresss
reg [C_M_AXI_ADDR_WIDTH-1 : 0] axi_araddr;
//Asserts when there is a write response error
wire write_resp_error;
//Asserts when there is a read response error
wire read_resp_error;
//A pulse to initiate a write transaction
reg start_single_write;
//A pulse to initiate a read transaction
reg start_single_read;
//Asserts when a single beat write transaction is issued and remains asserted till the completion of write trasaction.
reg write_issued;
//Asserts when a single beat read transaction is issued and remains asserted till the completion of read trasaction.
reg read_issued;
//flag that marks the completion of write trasactions. The number of write transaction is user selected by the parameter C_M_TRANSACTIONS_NUM.
reg writes_done;
//flag that marks the completion of read trasactions. The number of read transaction is user selected by the parameter C_M_TRANSACTIONS_NUM
reg reads_done;
//The error register is asserted when any of the write response error, read response error or the data mismatch flags are asserted.
reg error_reg;
//index counter to track the number of write transaction issued
reg [TRANS_NUM_BITS : 0] write_index;
//index counter to track the number of read transaction issued
reg [TRANS_NUM_BITS : 0] read_index;
//Expected read data used to compare with the read data.
reg [C_M_AXI_DATA_WIDTH-1 : 0] expected_rdata;
//Flag marks the completion of comparison of the read data with the expected read data
reg compare_done;
//This flag is asserted when there is a mismatch of the read data with the expected read data.
reg read_mismatch;
//Flag is asserted when the write index reaches the last write transction number
reg last_write;
//Flag is asserted when the read index reaches the last read transction number
reg last_read;
reg init_txn_ff;
reg init_txn_ff2;
reg init_txn_edge;
wire init_txn_pulse;
// I/O Connections assignments
//Adding the offset address to the base addr of the slave
assign M_AXI_AWADDR = start_addr ;// C_M_TARGET_SLAVE_BASE_ADDR + axi_awaddr;
//AXI 4 write data
assign M_AXI_WDATA = axi_wdata;
assign M_AXI_AWPROT = 3'b000;
assign M_AXI_AWVALID = axi_awvalid;
//Write Data(W)
assign M_AXI_WVALID = axi_wvalid;
//Set all byte strobes in this example
assign M_AXI_WSTRB = 4'b1111;
//Write Response (B)
assign M_AXI_BREADY = axi_bready;
//Read Address (AR)
assign M_AXI_ARADDR = C_M_TARGET_SLAVE_BASE_ADDR + axi_araddr;
assign M_AXI_ARVALID = axi_arvalid;
assign M_AXI_ARPROT = 3'b001;
//Read and Read Response (R)
assign M_AXI_RREADY = axi_rready;
//Example design I/O
assign TXN_DONE = compare_done;
assign init_txn_pulse = do_write ; //(!init_txn_ff2) && init_txn_ff;
wire local_rst = (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 ) || ( do_write == 1) ||(do_read ==1 ) ;
//Generate a pulse to initiate AXI transaction.
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK)
begin
// Initiates AXI transaction delay
if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 )
begin
init_txn_ff <= 1'b0;
init_txn_ff2 <= 1'b0;
end
else
begin
init_txn_ff <= INIT_AXI_TXN;
init_txn_ff2 <= init_txn_ff;
end
end
//--------------------
//Write Address Channel
//--------------------
// The purpose of the write address channel is to request the address and
// command information for the entire transaction. It is a single beat
// of information.
// Note for this example the axi_awvalid/axi_wvalid are asserted at the same
// time, and then each is deasserted independent from each other.
// This is a lower-performance, but simplier control scheme.
// AXI VALID signals must be held active until accepted by the partner.
// A data transfer is accepted by the slave when a master has
// VALID data and the slave acknoledges it is also READY. While the master
// is allowed to generated multiple, back-to-back requests by not
// deasserting VALID, this design will add rest cycle for
// simplicity.
// Since only one outstanding transaction is issued by the user design,
// there will not be a collision between a new request and an accepted
// request on the same clock cycle.
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK) //仅仅依赖于 start_single_write 和 init_txn_pulse
begin
//Only VALID signals must be deasserted during reset per AXI spec
//Consider inverting then registering active-low reset for higher fmax
// if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
if (local_rst)
begin
axi_awvalid <= 1'b0;
end
//Signal a new address/data command is available by user logic
else
begin
if (start_single_write)
begin
axi_awvalid <= 1'b1;
end
//Address accepted by interconnect/slave (issue of M_AXI_AWREADY by slave)
else if (M_AXI_AWREADY && axi_awvalid)
begin
axi_awvalid <= 1'b0;
end
end
end
// start_single_write triggers a new write
// transaction. write_index is a counter to
// keep track with number of write transaction
// issued/initiated
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK) //仅仅依赖于 start_single_write 和 init_txn_pulse
begin
// if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
if (local_rst)
begin
write_index <= 0;
end
// Signals a new write address/ write data is
// available by user logic
else if (start_single_write)
begin
write_index <= write_index + 1;
end
end
//--------------------
//Write Data Channel
//--------------------
//The write data channel is for transfering the actual data.
//The data generation is speific to the example design, and
//so only the WVALID/WREADY handshake is shown here
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK) //仅仅依赖于 start_single_write 和 init_txn_pulse
begin
// if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
if (local_rst)
begin
axi_wvalid <= 1'b0;
end
//Signal a new address/data command is available by user logic
else if (start_single_write)
begin
axi_wvalid <= 1'b1;
end
//Data accepted by interconnect/slave (issue of M_AXI_WREADY by slave)
else if (M_AXI_WREADY && axi_wvalid)
begin
axi_wvalid <= 1'b0;
end
end
//----------------------------
//Write Response (B) Channel
//----------------------------
//The write response channel provides feedback that the write has committed
//to memory. BREADY will occur after both the data and the write address
//has arrived and been accepted by the slave, and can guarantee that no
//other accesses launched afterwards will be able to be reordered before it.
//The BRESP bit [1] is used indicate any errors from the interconnect or
//slave for the entire write burst. This example will capture the error.
//While not necessary per spec, it is advisable to reset READY signals in
//case of differing reset latencies between master/slave.
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK) //仅仅依赖于 init_txn_pulse
begin
// if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
if (local_rst)
begin
axi_bready <= 1'b0;
end
// accept/acknowledge bresp with axi_bready by the master
// when M_AXI_BVALID is asserted by slave
else if (M_AXI_BVALID && ~axi_bready)
begin
axi_bready <= 1'b1;
end
// deassert after one clock cycle
else if (axi_bready)
begin
axi_bready <= 1'b0;
end
// retain the previous value
else
axi_bready <= axi_bready;
end
//Flag write errors
assign write_resp_error = (axi_bready & M_AXI_BVALID & M_AXI_BRESP[1]);
//----------------------------
//Read Address Channel
//----------------------------
//start_single_read triggers a new read transaction. read_index is a counter to
//keep track with number of read transaction issued/initiated
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK) //仅仅依赖于 start_single_read 和 init_txn_pulse
begin
// if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
if (local_rst)
begin
read_index <= 0;
end
// Signals a new read address is
// available by user logic
else if (start_single_read)
begin
read_index <= read_index + 1;
end
end
// A new axi_arvalid is asserted when there is a valid read address
// available by the master. start_single_read triggers a new read
// transaction
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK)
begin
// if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
if (local_rst)
begin
axi_arvalid <= 1'b0;
end
//Signal a new read address command is available by user logic
else if (start_single_read)
begin
axi_arvalid <= 1'b1;
end
//RAddress accepted by interconnect/slave (issue of M_AXI_ARREADY by slave)
else if (M_AXI_ARREADY && axi_arvalid)
begin
axi_arvalid <= 1'b0;
end
// retain the previous value
end
//--------------------------------
//Read Data (and Response) Channel
//--------------------------------
//The Read Data channel returns the results of the read request
//The master will accept the read data by asserting axi_rready
//when there is a valid read data available.
//While not necessary per spec, it is advisable to reset READY signals in
//case of differing reset latencies between master/slave.
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK)
begin
// if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
if (local_rst)
begin
axi_rready <= 1'b0;
end
// accept/acknowledge rdata/rresp with axi_rready by the master
// when M_AXI_RVALID is asserted by slave
else if (M_AXI_RVALID && ~axi_rready)
begin
axi_rready <= 1'b1;
end
// deassert after one clock cycle
else if (axi_rready)
begin
axi_rready <= 1'b0;
end
// retain the previous value
end
//Flag write errors
assign read_resp_error = (axi_rready & M_AXI_RVALID & M_AXI_RRESP[1]);
//--------------------------------
//User Logic
//--------------------------------
//Address/Data Stimulus
//Address/data pairs for this example. The read and write values should
//match.
//Modify these as desired for different address patterns.
//Write Addresses
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK)
axi_awaddr<= start_addr ;
/*
begin
if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
begin
axi_awaddr <= 0;
end
// Signals a new write address/ write data is
// available by user logic
else if (M_AXI_AWREADY && axi_awvalid)
begin
axi_awaddr <= axi_awaddr + 32'h00000004;
end
end
*/
// Write data generation
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK)
axi_wdata <= din ;
/*
begin
if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1 )
begin
axi_wdata <= C_M_START_DATA_VALUE;
end
// Signals a new write address/ write data is
// available by user logic
else if (M_AXI_WREADY && axi_wvalid)
begin
axi_wdata <= C_M_START_DATA_VALUE + write_index;
end
end
*/
//Read Addresses
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK)
axi_araddr<= start_addr ;
/*
begin
if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
begin
axi_araddr <= 0;
end
// Signals a new write address/ write data is
// available by user logic
else if (M_AXI_ARREADY && axi_arvalid)
begin
axi_araddr <= axi_araddr + 32'h00000004;
end
end
*/
/*
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK)
begin
if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
begin
expected_rdata <= C_M_START_DATA_VALUE;
end
// Signals a new write address/ write data is
// available by user logic
else if (M_AXI_RVALID && axi_rready)
begin
expected_rdata <= C_M_START_DATA_VALUE + read_index;
end
end
*/
//implement master command interface state machine
always @ ( posedge M_AXI_ACLK)
begin
if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 1'b0)
begin
// reset condition
// All the signals are assigned default values under reset condition
mst_exec_state <= IDLE;
start_single_write <= 1'b0;
write_issued <= 1'b0;
start_single_read <= 1'b0;
read_issued <= 1'b0;
// compare_done <= 1'b0;
ERROR <= 1'b0;
end
else
begin
// state transition
case (mst_exec_state)
IDLE:
// This state is responsible to initiate
// AXI transaction when init_txn_pulse is asserted
if ( do_write == 1'b1 )
begin
mst_exec_state <= INIT_WRITE;
ERROR <= 1'b0;
// compare_done <= 1'b0;
end
else if ( do_read == 1'b1 )
begin
mst_exec_state <= INIT_READ;
ERROR <= 1'b0;
end
else mst_exec_state <= IDLE;
INIT_WRITE:
// This state is responsible to issue start_single_write pulse to
// initiate a write transaction. Write transactions will be
// issued until last_write signal is asserted.
// write controller
if (writes_done)
begin
mst_exec_state <= IDLE;//
end
else
begin
mst_exec_state <= INIT_WRITE;
// if (~axi_awvalid && ~axi_wvalid && ~M_AXI_BVALID && ~last_write && ~start_single_write && ~write_issued)
if (~axi_awvalid && ~axi_wvalid && ~M_AXI_BVALID && ~start_single_write && ~write_issued)
begin
start_single_write <= 1'b1;
write_issued <= 1'b1;
end
else if (axi_bready)
begin
write_issued <= 1'b0;
end
else
begin
start_single_write <= 1'b0; //Negate to generate a pulse
end
end
INIT_READ:
// This state is responsible to issue start_single_read pulse to
// initiate a read transaction. Read transactions will be
// issued until last_read signal is asserted.
// read controller
if (reads_done)
begin
mst_exec_state <= IDLE ;
end
else
begin
mst_exec_state <= INIT_READ;
/// if (~axi_arvalid && ~M_AXI_RVALID && ~last_read && ~start_single_read && ~read_issued)
if (~axi_arvalid && ~M_AXI_RVALID && ~start_single_read && ~read_issued)
begin
start_single_read <= 1'b1;
read_issued <= 1'b1;
end
else if (axi_rready)
begin
read_issued <= 1'b0;
end
else
begin
start_single_read <= 1'b0; //Negate to generate a pulse
end
end
INIT_COMPARE:
begin
// This state is responsible to issue the state of comparison
// of written data with the read data. If no error flags are set,
// compare_done signal will be asseted to indicate success.
// ERROR <= error_reg;
mst_exec_state <= IDLE;
// compare_done <= 1'b1;
end
default :
begin
mst_exec_state <= IDLE;
end
endcase
end
end //MASTER_EXECUTION_PROC
//Terminal write count
/*
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK)
begin
if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
last_write <= 1'b0;
//The last write should be associated with a write address ready response
else if ((write_index == C_M_TRANSACTIONS_NUM) && M_AXI_AWREADY)
last_write <= 1'b1;
else
last_write <= last_write;
end
*/
//Check for last write completion.
//This logic is to qualify the last write count with the final write
//response. This demonstrates how to confirm that a write has been
//committed.
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK)
begin
// if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
if (local_rst)
writes_done <= 1'b0;
//The writes_done should be associated with a bready response
/// else if (last_write && M_AXI_BVALID && axi_bready)
else if ( M_AXI_BVALID && axi_bready)
writes_done <= 1'b1;
else
writes_done <= writes_done;
end
//------------------
//Read example
//------------------
//Terminal Read Count
/*
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK)
begin
// if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
if (local_rst)
/// last_read <= 1'b0;
//The last read should be associated with a read address ready response
else if ((read_index == C_M_TRANSACTIONS_NUM) && (M_AXI_ARREADY) )
/// last_read <= 1'b1;
else
last_read <= last_read;
end
*/
/*
Check for last read completion.
This logic is to qualify the last read count with the final read
response/data.
*/
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK)
begin
// if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
if (local_rst)
reads_done <= 1'b0;
//The reads_done should be associated with a read ready response
// else if (last_read && M_AXI_RVALID && axi_rready)
else if ( M_AXI_RVALID && axi_rready)
reads_done <= 1'b1;
else
reads_done <= reads_done;
end
//-----------------------------
//Example design error register
//-----------------------------
//Data Comparison
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK)
if (M_AXI_RVALID && axi_rready)
dout <= M_AXI_RDATA ;
/*
begin
// if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
if (local_rst)
read_mismatch <= 1'b0;
//The read data when available (on axi_rready) is compared with the expected data
else if ((M_AXI_RVALID && axi_rready) && (M_AXI_RDATA != expected_rdata))
read_mismatch <= 1'b1;
else
read_mismatch <= read_mismatch;
end
*/
// Register and hold any data mismatches, or read/write interface errors
always @(posedge M_AXI_ACLK)
begin
// if (M_AXI_ARESETN == 0 || init_txn_pulse == 1'b1)
if (local_rst)
error_reg <= 1'b0;
//Capture any error types
else if (read_mismatch || write_resp_error || read_resp_error)
error_reg <= 1'b1;
else
error_reg <= error_reg;
end
// Add user logic here
// User logic ends
endmodule
扫一扫
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
