JNI Types and Data Structures

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-23 13:18:30 发布

milanac007

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-23 13:18:30 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/milanac007/article/details/102521634

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翻译自https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/jni/spec/types.html

Chapter 3

本章讨论JNI如何将Java类型映射到本地C类型。

Primitive Types

Table 3-1 描述Java基本类型及其与机器相关的本地代码的等价类型。

Table 3-1 Primitive Types and Native Equivalents


Java Type	Native Type	Description
boolean	jboolean	unsigned 8 bits
byte	jbyte	signed 8 bits
char	jchar	unsigned 16 bits
short	jshort	signed 16 bits
int	jint	signed 32 bits
long	jlong	signed 64 bits
float	jfloat	32 bits
double	jdouble	64 bits
void	void	N/A

为了方便，有以下定义：

#define JNI_FALSE  0 
#define JNI_TRUE   1

jsize整型类型用于描述基数索引和大小：

typedef jint jsize;

Reference Types

JNI包含一系列的对应于不同种类的Java对象的引用类型。 JNI引用类型按照Figure 3-1.所示的层次结构进行组织。

The top of the heirarchy is jobject. Subclasses of jobject are jclass, jstring, jarray and jthrowable. Subclasses of jarray are jobjectArray, jbooleanArray, jbyteArray, jcharArray, jshortArray, jintArray, jlongArray, jfloatArray, jdoubleArray.

Figure 3-1 Reference Type Hierarchy

在C语言中，所有其他JNI引用类型的定义与jobject的定义都相同。例如：

typedef jobject jclass;

以下摘自jni.h中，C部分定义:

/*
 * Reference types, in C.
 */
typedef void*           jobject;
typedef jobject         jclass;
typedef jobject         jstring;
typedef jobject         jarray;
typedef jarray          jobjectArray;
typedef jarray          jbooleanArray;
typedef jarray          jbyteArray;
typedef jarray          jcharArray;
typedef jarray          jshortArray;
typedef jarray          jintArray;
typedef jarray          jlongArray;
typedef jarray          jfloatArray;
typedef jarray          jdoubleArray;
typedef jobject         jthrowable;
typedef jobject         jweak;

在C ++中，JNI引入了一组伪类来加强子类型关系。例如：

class _jobject {}; 
class _jclass : public _jobject {}; 
... 
typedef _jobject *jobject; 
typedef _jclass *jclass;

以下摘自jni.h中，C++部分定义:

/*
 * Reference types, in C++
 */
class _jobject {};
class _jclass : public _jobject {};
class _jstring : public _jobject {};
class _jarray : public _jobject {};
class _jobjectArray : public _jarray {};
class _jbooleanArray : public _jarray {};
class _jbyteArray : public _jarray {};
class _jcharArray : public _jarray {};
class _jshortArray : public _jarray {};
class _jintArray : public _jarray {};
class _jlongArray : public _jarray {};
class _jfloatArray : public _jarray {};
class _jdoubleArray : public _jarray {};
class _jthrowable : public _jobject {};

typedef _jobject*       jobject;
typedef _jclass*        jclass;
typedef _jstring*       jstring;
typedef _jarray*        jarray;
typedef _jobjectArray*  jobjectArray;
typedef _jbooleanArray* jbooleanArray;
typedef _jbyteArray*    jbyteArray;
typedef _jcharArray*    jcharArray;
typedef _jshortArray*   jshortArray;
typedef _jintArray*     jintArray;
typedef _jlongArray*    jlongArray;
typedef _jfloatArray*   jfloatArray;
typedef _jdoubleArray*  jdoubleArray;
typedef _jthrowable*    jthrowable;
typedef _jobject*       jweak;

Field and Method IDs

方法和字段ID是常规的C指针类型：

struct _jfieldID;                       /* opaque structure */
typedef struct _jfieldID* jfieldID;     /* field IDs */

struct _jmethodID;                      /* opaque structure */
typedef struct _jmethodID* jmethodID;   /* method IDs */

The Value Type

jvalue联合类型被用作参数数组中的元素类型。声明如下：

typedef union jvalue {
    jboolean    z;
    jbyte       b;
    jchar       c;
    jshort      s;
    jint        i;
    jlong       j;
    jfloat      f;
    jdouble     d;
    jobject     l;
} jvalue;

Type Signatures

JNI使用Java VM的类型签名表示。 Table 3-2显示了这些类型签名。

Table 3-2 Java VM Type Signatures


Type Signature	Java Type
Z	boolean
B	byte
C	char
S	short
I	int
J	long
F	float
D	double
L fully-qualified-class ;	fully-qualified-class
[ type	type[]
( arg-types ) ret-type	method type

举例，java方法

long f (int n, String s, int[] arr);

有以下类型签名：

(ILjava/lang/String;[I)J

Modified UTF-8 Strings(改良的UTF-8字符串？)

The JNI uses modified UTF-8 strings to represent various string types. Modified UTF-8 strings are the same as those used by the Java VM. Modified UTF-8 strings are encoded so that character sequences that contain only non-null ASCII characters can be represented using only one byte per character, but all Unicode characters can be represented.

All characters in the range \u0001 to \u007F are represented by a single byte, as follows:

JNI使用改良的UTF-8字符串来表示各种字符串类型。改良的UTF-8字符串与Java VM使用的字符串相同。改良的UTF-8字符串经过编码，对于仅包含非空ASCII字符的字符序列的每个字符都只用一个字节表示，但是可以表示所有Unicode字符。

\ u0001到\ u007F范围内的所有字符都由一个字节表示，如下所示：

bits 6-0

字节中的七个数据位表示所表示字符的值。

空字符（'\ u0000'）和范围从'\ u0080'到'\ u07FF'的字符由一对字节x和y表示：

bits 10-6

bits 5-0

The bytes represent the character with the value ((x & 0x1f) << 6) + (y & 0x3f).

'\ u0800'到'\ uFFFF'范围内的字符由3个字节x，y和z表示：

bits 15-12

bits 11-6

bits 5-0

The character with the value ((x & 0xf) << 12) + ((y & 0x3f) << 6) + (z & 0x3f) is represented by the bytes.

Characters with code points above U+FFFF (so-called supplementary characters) are represented by separately encoding the two surrogate code units of their UTF-16 representation. Each of the surrogate code units is represented by three bytes. This means, supplementary characters are represented by six bytes, u, v, w, x, y, and z:

大于U + FFFF的字符（所谓的补充字符）可以用两个UTF-16形式的代理代码单元表示。每个代理代码单元由三个字节表示。这意味着，补充字符由u，v，w，x，y和z六个字节表示：

(bits 20-16) - 1

bits 15-10

bits 9-6

bits 5-0

The character with the value 0x10000+((v&0x0f)<<16)+((w&0x3f)<<10)+(y&0x0f)<<6)+(z&0x3f) is represented by the six bytes.

多字节字符的字节以big-endian（高字节在前）的顺序存储在类文件中。

此格式与标准UTF-8格式有两个区别。首先，空字符（char）0使用两字节格式而不是一字节格式进行编码。这意味着修改后的UTF-8字符串永远不会嵌入空值null。其次，标准UTF-8有一字节，两字节和三字节格式被使用。 Java VM无法识别四字节格式的标准UTF-8。它使用自己的2乘3字节格式替代。

有关标准UTF-8格式的更多信息，请参见Unicode标准版本4.0的3.9 Unicode编码形式。