Ajax基础+Ajax开发中的编码问题

·-- 首先开发中要注意的一个问题，这个问题困扰我好几个小时，编码问题。

如果在Servlet进行如下设置时：

                     resp.setContentType("text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
         resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

IE8和火狐时没有问题的，但是换成如下形式，

                     resp.setContentType("text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
                     resp.setCharacterEncoding("GBK");

或者
                     resp.setContentType("text/xml;charset=GBK");
                     resp.setCharacterEncoding("GBK");

时，会出现的现象是火狐操作正常，IE操作不正常。原理暂时不清楚，等待高手指点。

1、新建一个Servlet

Java代码

1. package com.sunrex.servlet;   
2.   
3. import java.io.IOException;   
4. import java.io.PrintWriter;   
5.   
6. import javax.servlet.ServletException;   
7. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;   
8. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;   
9. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;   
10.   
11. @SuppressWarnings("serial")   
12. public class AjaxServlet extends HttpServlet {   
13.   
14.     @Override  
15.     protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)   
16.             throws ServletException, IOException {   
17.            
18.         resp.setContentType("text/xml;charset=UTF-8");   
19.         resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");   
20.         resp.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");   
21.         StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();   
22.         sb.append("<nation>");   
23.             sb.append("<detail>");   
24.                 sb.append("<address>").append("中国").append("</address>");   
25.                 sb.append("<city>").append("上海").append("</city>");   
26.             sb.append("</detail>");   
27.                
28.             sb.append("<detail>");   
29.                 sb.append("<address>").append("美国").append("</address>");   
30.                 sb.append("<city>").append("纽约").append("</city>");   
31.             sb.append("</detail>");   
32.                
33.             sb.append("<detail>");   
34.                 sb.append("<address>").append("日本").append("</address>");   
35.                 sb.append("<city>").append("东京").append("</city>");   
36.             sb.append("</detail>");   
37.         sb.append("</nation>");   
38.         System.out.println(sb.toString());   
39.         PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();   
40.         out.write(sb.toString());   
41.         out.close();   
42.     }   
43. }  

package com.sunrex.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class AjaxServlet extends HttpServlet {

	@Override
	protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		resp.setContentType("text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
		resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		resp.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		sb.append("<nation>");
			sb.append("<detail>");
				sb.append("<address>").append("中国").append("</address>");
				sb.append("<city>").append("上海").append("</city>");
			sb.append("</detail>");
			
			sb.append("<detail>");
				sb.append("<address>").append("美国").append("</address>");
				sb.append("<city>").append("纽约").append("</city>");
			sb.append("</detail>");
			
			sb.append("<detail>");
				sb.append("<address>").append("日本").append("</address>");
				sb.append("<city>").append("东京").append("</city>");
			sb.append("</detail>");
		sb.append("</nation>");
		System.out.println(sb.toString());
		PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
		out.write(sb.toString());
		out.close();
	}
}

 

2、配置web.xml文件

Xml代码

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <web-app version="2.4"    
3.     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"    
4.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    
5.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee    
6.     http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">  
7.   <welcome-file-list>  
8.     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  
9.   </welcome-file-list>  
10.      
11.   <servlet>  
12.     <servlet-name>ajax</servlet-name>  
13.     <servlet-class>com.sunrex.servlet.AjaxServlet</servlet-class>  
14.   </servlet>  
15.   <servlet-mapping>  
16.     <servlet-name>ajax</servlet-name>  
17.     <url-pattern>/servlet/ajax</url-pattern>  
18.   </servlet-mapping>     
19. </web-app>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  <servlet>
  	<servlet-name>ajax</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>com.sunrex.servlet.AjaxServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
  	<servlet-name>ajax</servlet-name>
  	<url-pattern>/servlet/ajax</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>  
</web-app>

 

3、jsp文件

Html代码

1. <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"  
2.     pageEncoding="GB18030"%>  
3. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">  
4. <html>  
5. <head>  
6. <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">  
7. <title>Insert title here</title>  
8. <script type="text/javascript">  
9.     var xmlHttp;   
10.     function createXMLHTTP() {   
11.         if(window.XMLHttpRequest) {   
12.             xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();   
13.         } else if(window.ActiveXObject) {   
14.             xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");   
15.         }   
16.     }   
17.   
18.     function show() {   
19.            
20.         createXMLHTTP();   
21.         var url = "servlet/ajax";   
22.         xmlHttp.open("GET", url);   
23.         xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = callback;   
24.         xmlHttp.send(null);   
25.     }   
26.        
27.     function callback() {   
28.         if(xmlHttp.readyState == 4) {   
29.             if(xmlHttp.status == 200) {   
30.                 var xmlText = xmlHttp.responseXML.getElementsByTagName("nation")[0];   
31.                 var childrenNodes = xmlText.childNodes;   
32.                 var nodeLength = childrenNodes.length;   
33.                 var tables = "<table border='1'>";   
34.                 for(var i=0; i<nodeLength; i++) {   
35.                     var address = childrenNodes[i].childNodes[0].firstChild.nodeValue;   
36.                     var city = childrenNodes[i].childNodes[1].firstChild.nodeValue;   
37.                     tablestables = tables + "<tr><td>" + address + "</td>";   
38.                     tablestables = tables +  "<td>" + city +  "</td></tr>";   
39.                 }   
40.                 tablestables = tables + "</table>";   
41.                 document.getElementById("showContent").innerHTML = tables;   
42.             }   
43.         }   
44.     }   
45. </script>  
46. </head>  
47. <body>  
48. <input type="button" name="button1" value="显示服务器内容" id="button1" onclick="show()">  
49. <br>  
50. <span id="showContent"></span>  
51. </body>  
52. </html>  

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
	var xmlHttp;
	function createXMLHTTP() {
		if(window.XMLHttpRequest) {
			xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
		} else if(window.ActiveXObject) {
			xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
		}
	}

	function show() {
		
		createXMLHTTP();
		var url = "servlet/ajax";
		xmlHttp.open("GET", url);
		xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = callback;
		xmlHttp.send(null);
	}
	
	function callback() {
		if(xmlHttp.readyState == 4) {
			if(xmlHttp.status == 200) {
				var xmlText = xmlHttp.responseXML.getElementsByTagName("nation")[0];
				var childrenNodes = xmlText.childNodes;
				var nodeLength = childrenNodes.length;
				var tables = "<table border='1'>";
				for(var i=0; i<nodeLength; i++) {
					var address = childrenNodes[i].childNodes[0].firstChild.nodeValue;
					var city = childrenNodes[i].childNodes[1].firstChild.nodeValue;
					tables = tables + "<tr><td>" + address + "</td>";
					tables = tables +  "<td>" + city +  "</td></tr>";
				}
				tables = tables + "</table>";
				document.getElementById("showContent").innerHTML = tables;
			}
		}
	}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" name="button1" value="显示服务器内容" id="button1" οnclick="show()">
<br>
<span id="showContent"></span>
</body>
</html>