“完成端口”模型是迄今为止最为复杂的一种I/O模型。然而,假若一个应用程序同时需要管理为数众多的套接字,那么采用这种模型,往往可以达到最佳的系统性能!但不幸的是,该模型只适用于Windows NT和Windows 2000操作系统。因其设计的复杂性,只有在你的应用程序需要同时管理数百乃至上千个套接字的时候,而且希望随着系统内安装的CPU数量的增多,应用程序的性能也可以线性提升,才应考虑采用“完成端口”模型。要记住的一个基本准则是,假如要为Windows NT或Windows 2000开发高性能的服务器应用,同时希望为大量套接字I/O请求提供服务(Web服务器便是这方面的典型例子),
那么I/O完成端口模型便是最佳选择!使用完成端口模型的服务器端代码:// write by larry
// 2009-8-20
// This is a server using overlapped IO(completion routine).
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <WINSOCK2.H>
#include <stdio.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
#define PORT 5150
#define MSGSIZE 1024
typedef struct
{
WSAOVERLAPPED overlap;
WSABUF Buffer;
char szMessage[MSGSIZE];
DWORD NumberOfBytesRecvd;
DWORD Flags;
SOCKET sClient;
} PER_IO_OPERATION_DATA, *LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA;
int g_iTotalConn = 0;
SOCKET g_CliSocketArr[MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS];
WSAEVENT g_CliEventArr[MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS];
LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA g_pPerIoDataArr[MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS];
DWORD WINAPI WorkerThread(LPVOID lpParam);
void CALLBACK CompletionRoutine(DWORD dwError, DWORD cbTransferred, LPWSAOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped, DWORD dwFlags);
SOCKET g_sNewClientConnection;
BOOL g_bNewConnectionArrived = FALSE;
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
WSADATA wsaData;
SOCKET sListen;
SOCKADDR_IN local, client;
DWORD dwThreadId;
int iAddrSize = sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN);
// Initialize windows socket library
WSAStartup(0x0202, &wsaData);
// Create listening socket
sListen = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
// Bind
local.sin_family = AF_INET;
local.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
local.sin_port = htons(PORT);
bind(sListen, (sockaddr*)&local, sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));
// Listen
listen(sListen, 3);
// Create worker thread
CreateThread(NULL, 0, WorkerThread, NULL, 0, &dwThreadId);
while (TRUE)
{
// Accept a connection
g_sNewClientConnection = accept(sListen, (sockaddr*)&client, &iAddrSize);
g_bNewConnectionArrived = TRUE;
printf("Accepted client:%s:%d\n", inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr), ntohs(client.sin_port));
}
return 0;
}
DWORD WINAPI WorkerThread(LPVOID lpParam)
{
LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA lpPerIOData = NULL;
while (TRUE)
{
if (g_bNewConnectionArrived)
{
// Launch an asynchronous operation for new arrived connection
lpPerIOData = (LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA)HeapAlloc(
GetProcessHeap(),
HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY,
sizeof(PER_IO_OPERATION_DATA));
lpPerIOData->Buffer.len = MSGSIZE;
lpPerIOData->Buffer.buf = lpPerIOData->szMessage;
lpPerIOData->sClient = g_sNewClientConnection;
WSARecv(lpPerIOData->sClient,
&lpPerIOData->Buffer,
1,
&lpPerIOData->NumberOfBytesRecvd,
&lpPerIOData->Flags,
&lpPerIOData->overlap,
CompletionRoutine);
g_bNewConnectionArrived = FALSE;
}
SleepEx(1000, TRUE);
}
return 0;
}
void CALLBACK CompletionRoutine(DWORD dwError, DWORD cbTransferred, LPWSAOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped, DWORD dwFlags)
{
LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA lpPerIOData = (LPPER_IO_OPERATION_DATA)lpOverlapped;
if (dwError != 0 || cbTransferred == 0)
{
// Connection was closed by client
closesocket(lpPerIOData->sClient);
HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, lpPerIOData);
}
else
{
lpPerIOData->szMessage[cbTransferred] = '\0';
send(lpPerIOData->sClient, lpPerIOData->szMessage, cbTransferred, 0);
// Launch another asynchronous operation
memset(&lpPerIOData->overlap, 0, sizeof(WSAOVERLAPPED));
lpPerIOData->Buffer.len = MSGSIZE;
lpPerIOData->Buffer.buf = lpPerIOData->szMessage;
WSARecv(lpPerIOData->sClient,
&lpPerIOData->Buffer,
1,
&lpPerIOData->NumberOfBytesRecvd,
&lpPerIOData->Flags,
&lpPerIOData->overlap,
CompletionRoutine);
}
}
服务器端得主要流程:1.创建完成端口对象2.创建工作者线程(这里工作者线程的数量是按照CPU的个数来决定的,这样可以达到最佳性能)3.创建监听套接字,绑定,监听,然后程序进入循环4.在循环中,我做了以下几件事情:(1).接受一个客户端连接(2).将该客户端套接字与完成端口绑定到一起(还是调用CreateIoCompletionPort,但这次的作用不同),注意,按道理来讲,此时传递给CreateIoCompletionPort的第三个参数应该是一个完成键,一般来讲,程序都是传递一个单句柄数据结构的地址,该单句柄数据包含了和该客户端连接有关的信息,由于我们只关心套接字句柄,所以直接将套接字句柄作为完成键传递;(3).触发一个WSARecv异步调用,这次又用到了“尾随数据”,使接收数据所用的缓冲区紧跟在WSAOVERLAPPED对象之后,此外,还有操作类型等重要信息。在工作者线程的循环中,我们1.调用GetQueuedCompletionStatus取得本次I/O的相关信息(例如套接字句柄、传送的字节数、单I/O数据结构的地址等等)2.通过单I/O数据结构找到接收数据缓冲区,然后将数据原封不动的发送到客户端3.再次触发一个WSARecv异步操作