使用枚举类

# coding=utf-8
from enum import Enum, unique

# 1.
Month = Enum('Month', ('Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'))
for name, member in Month.__members__.items( ):
    # value属性则是自动赋给成员的int常量，默认从1开始计数
    print(name, '=>', member, ',', member.value)
    """
    Jan => Month.Jan , 1
    Feb => Month.Feb , 2
    Mar => Month.Mar , 3
    Apr => Month.Apr , 4
    May => Month.May , 5
    Jun => Month.Jun , 6
    Jul => Month.Jul , 7
    Aug => Month.Aug , 8
    Sep => Month.Sep , 9
    Oct => Month.Oct , 10
    Nov => Month.Nov , 11
    Dec => Month.Dec , 12
    """
# 2.
Weekday = Enum('Weekday', ('Sun', 'Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat'))
for name, member in Weekday.__members__.items( ):
    # value属性则是自动赋给成员的int常量，默认从1开始计数
    print(name, '=>', member, ',', member.value)
    """
    Sun => Weekday.Sun , 1
    Mon => Weekday.Mon , 2
    Tue => Weekday.Tue , 3
    Wed => Weekday.Wed , 4
    Thu => Weekday.Thu , 5
    Fri => Weekday.Fri , 6
    Sat => Weekday.Sat , 7
    """


# 3.自定义类
@unique
class Weekday(Enum):
    Sun = 0  # Sun的value被设定为0
    Mon = 1
    Tue = 2
    Wed = 3
    Thu = 4
    Fri = 5
    Sat = 6


for name, member in Weekday.__members__.items( ):
    print(name, '=>', member, ',', member.value)
    """
    Sun => Weekday.Sun , 0
    Mon => Weekday.Mon , 1
    Tue => Weekday.Tue , 2
    Wed => Weekday.Wed , 3
    Thu => Weekday.Thu , 4
    Fri => Weekday.Fri , 5
    Sat => Weekday.Sat , 6
    """


# 4.把Student的gender属性改造为枚举类型，可以避免使用字符串
class Gender(Enum):
    Male = 0
    Female = 1


class Student(object):
    def __init__(self, name, gender):
        self.name = name
        self.gender = gender


bart = Student('Bart', Gender.Male)
if bart.gender == Gender.Male:
    print(type(bart.gender))
    print(type(Gender.Male))
    print('测试通过!')
    """
    <enum 'Gender'>
    <enum 'Gender'>
    测试通过!
    """
else:
    print(type(bart.gender))
    print(type(Gender.Male))
    print('测试失败!')