Material Designer的低版本兼容实现(二)—— Theme
Theme
material主题可以定义为如下形式:
- @android:style/Theme.Material
- @android:style/Theme.Material.Light
- @android:style/Theme.Material.Light.DarkActionBar
我们可以在vlues-v21中的styles.xml文件中继承这些主题,然后定制一些属性。在v21中可以做如下修改
<resources> <!-- inherit from the material theme --> <style name="AppTheme" parent="android:Theme.Material"> <!-- Main theme colors --> <!-- your app's branding color (for the app bar) --> <item name="android:colorPrimary">@color/primary</item> <!-- darker variant of colorPrimary (for status bar, contextual app bars) --> <item name="android:colorPrimaryDark">@color/primary_dark</item> <!-- theme UI controls like checkboxes and text fields --> <item name="android:colorAccent">@color/accent</item> </style> </resources>
这里设置了几个主题颜色
注:
<item name="android:colorAccent">#00FF00</item>
colorAccent是设置像是CheckBox的颜色
接下来,我们主要来看看在低版本中应该如何设置
color.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <color name="colorPrimaryDark">#3367d6</color> <color name="colorPrimary">#4285f4</color> <color name="windowBackground">#eeeeee</color> </resources>
styles.xml
<resources xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <!-- Base application theme, dependent on API level. This theme is replaced by AppBaseTheme from res/values-vXX/styles.xml on newer devices. --> <style name="AppBaseTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat"> <!-- Theme customizations available in newer API levels can go in res/values-vXX/styles.xml, while customizations related to backward-compatibility can go here. --> </style> <!-- Application theme. --> <style name="AppTheme" parent="AppBaseTheme"> <!-- All customizations that are NOT specific to a particular API-level can go here. --> <item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item> <item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/primary_material_light</item> <item name="android:textColorPrimary">@android:color/white</item> <item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item> <item name="windowActionBar">false</item> </style> </resources>
这样我们就设置好了类似于下面的效果:
现在我们终于在高版本上能改变status bar的颜色了,这个在以前是不可能的。话说4.4也支持这个。下面我们来详细看看在低版本中我们如何让自己的主题完美工作。
1.首先继承一个Compat的主题
在compat包中我们可以看到有很多主题,我们找到给activity用的,发现也就下面红框里这么几个,看名字就能知道是什么了。
<resources> <!-- Themes in the "Theme.AppCompat" family will contain an action bar by default. If Holo themes are available on the current platform version they will be used. A limited Holo-styled action bar will be provided on platform versions older than 3.0. (API 11) These theme declarations contain any version-independent specification. Items that need to vary based on platform version should be defined in the corresponding "Theme.Base" theme. --> <!-- Platform-independent theme providing an action bar in a dark-themed activity. --> <style name="Theme.AppCompat" parent="Base.Theme.AppCompat" /> <!-- Platform-independent theme providing an action bar in a light-themed activity. --> <style name="Theme.AppCompat.Light" parent="Base.Theme.AppCompat.Light" /> <!-- Platform-independent theme providing an action bar in a dark-themed activity. --> <style name="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar" parent="Base.Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar" /> <style name="Theme.AppCompat.NoActionBar"> <item name="windowActionBar">false</item> <item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item> </style> <style name="Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar"> <item name="windowActionBar">false</item> <item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item> </style>
继承Theme.AppCompat,效果↓
继承Theme.AppCompat.Light效果↓
继承Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar效果↓
此外,在Android的4.4添加了View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_IMMERSIVE
和View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_IMMERSIVE_STICKY
。这两个标记可以实现所谓的沉浸式状态栏,个人感觉翻译的不好,应该叫做一种状态栏模式。这些标记的作用是在应用(比如视频)在需要全屏时抹去状态栏,但是在退出视频时又能回来。准确来说是叫:ImmersiveMode或者是Translucent Modes,总之是一种模式。
详细可以看这篇文章:http://www.tuicool.com/articles/RVRneq
在Smooth中已经实现了4.4上的效果,具体如下:
总之呢,在之前的版本上状态栏上面还是不能由我们随意定制的,4.4除外。但也有好消息,那就是ActionBar可以被我们再一次定制了,而且可以兼容之前的设备,利用的是ToolBar这个新控件。关于Toolbar的使用,我们以后会讲到。