五、Android音频播放与获取通讯录

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前言

👨‍💻👨‍🌾📝记录学习成果，以便温故而知新

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项目目录

1.音频

（1）先准备一个mp3文件

（2）建一个Service

package cn.fy.audio.service;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.os.IBinder;

public class MusicService extends Service {

    private MediaPlayer player;

    public MusicService() {
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        //获取MainActivity中 按钮的点击类型：根据不同类型处理不同事件
        String action = intent.getStringExtra("action");
        if ("play".equals(action)) {
            //播放
            playMusic();
        } else if ("stop".equals(action)) {
            //停止
            stopMusic();
        } else if ("pause".equals(action)) {
            //暂停
            pauseMusic();
        }
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }

    /**
     * 播放音乐
     */
    public void playMusic() {
        if (player == null ) {
            ///player= MediaPlayer.create(this, R.raw.music);
            int resID = getResources().getIdentifier("qinhuaijing","raw", getPackageName());
            player = MediaPlayer.create(this, resID);
            player.setLooping(true);
        }
        player.start();
    }

    /**
     * 暂停播放
     */
    public void pauseMusic() {
        if (player != null && player.isPlaying()) {
            player.pause();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 停止播放
     */
    public void stopMusic() {
        if (player != null) {
            player.stop();
            player.reset();//重置
            player.release();//释放
            player = null;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        if (player != null) {
            player.stop();
            player.reset();//重置
            player.release();//释放
            player = null;
        }
    }
}

（3）音频播放Activity

package cn.fy.audio.activity;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;

import cn.fy.audio.databinding.ActivityAudioBinding;
import cn.fy.audio.databinding.ActivityMainBinding;
import cn.fy.audio.service.MusicService;

public class AudioActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ActivityAudioBinding binding;

    private MediaPlayer mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();

    private Intent intent = null;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        //setContentView(R.layout.activity_audio);
        binding = ActivityAudioBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater());
        setContentView(binding.getRoot());

        getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
        getSupportActionBar().setTitle("Audio Activity");

        intent = new Intent(AudioActivity.this, MusicService.class);

        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(AudioActivity.this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(AudioActivity.this, new String[] {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE }, 1);
        }

        binding.btnStart.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                intent.putExtra("action","play");
                startService(intent);
            }
        });

        binding.btnPause.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                intent.putExtra("action","pause");
                startService(intent);
            }
        });

        binding.btnStop.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                intent.putExtra("action","stop");
                startService(intent);
            }
        });

        binding.btnClose.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                stopService(intent);
                finish();
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {

        switch (item.getItemId()) {
            case android.R.id.home:
                finish();
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

        switch (requestCode) {
            case 1:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "拒绝权限将无法使用程序", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    finish();
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".activity.AudioActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_start"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="60dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="60dp"
        android:text="开始"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_pause"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="60dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="60dp"
        android:text="暂停"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btn_start" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_stop"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="60dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="60dp"
        android:text="停止"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btn_pause" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_close"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="60dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="60dp"
        android:text="关闭"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btn_stop" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

（4）权限

在AndroidManifest.xml添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

2.获取通讯录

（1）代码

package cn.fy.audio.activity;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.Toast;

import cn.fy.audio.databinding.ActivityAudioBinding;
import cn.fy.audio.databinding.ActivityContactBinding;

public class ContactActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ActivityContactBinding binding;

    private String[] columns = {
        ContactsContract.Contacts._ID,//ID值
        ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME,//姓名
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        //setContentView(R.layout.activity_contact);
        binding = ActivityContactBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater());
        setContentView(binding.getRoot());

        getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
        getSupportActionBar().setTitle("Contact Activity");

        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)
                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(
                    ContactActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS},1);
        } else {
            binding.txtContent.setText(getQueryData());
            queryContactPhoneNumber();
        }
    }

    private String getQueryData() {
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        ContentResolver contentResolver = getContentResolver();
        Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI, columns, null, null, null);//查询记录

        int idIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(columns[0]);//获取ID记录的索引值
        int nameIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(columns[1]);//姓名记录的索引
        for (cursor.moveToFirst();!cursor.isAfterLast();cursor.moveToNext()){
            int id = cursor.getInt(idIndex);
            String name = cursor.getString(nameIndex);
            stringBuilder.append("id:"+id+","+"name:"+name);
        }
        cursor.close();//关闭Cursor

        return  stringBuilder.toString();//返回查询结果
    }

    private void queryContactPhoneNumber() {
        String[] cols = {ContactsContract.PhoneLookup.DISPLAY_NAME, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER};
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,
                cols, null, null, null);
        for (int i = 0; i < cursor.getCount(); i++) {
            cursor.moveToPosition(i);
            // 取得联系人名字
            int nameFieldColumnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.PhoneLookup.DISPLAY_NAME);
            int numberFieldColumnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER);
            String name = cursor.getString(nameFieldColumnIndex);
            String number = cursor.getString(numberFieldColumnIndex);
            Toast.makeText(this, name + " " + number, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {

        switch (item.getItemId()) {
            case android.R.id.home:
                finish();
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".activity.ContactActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/txt_content"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="20dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="20dp"
        android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

（2）权限

在AndroidManifest.xml添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" />

3.MainActivity

package cn.fy.audio;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import cn.fy.audio.activity.AudioActivity;
import cn.fy.audio.activity.ContactActivity;
import cn.fy.audio.databinding.ActivityMainBinding;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ActivityMainBinding binding;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        //setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater());
        setContentView(binding.getRoot());

        Button btnAudio = binding.btnAudio;
        btnAudio.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, AudioActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });

        Button btnContact = binding.btnContact;
        btnContact.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, ContactActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_audio"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="60dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="60dp"
        android:text="音频"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_contact"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="60dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="60dp"
        android:text="通讯录"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/btn_audio" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

4.AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <!-- 读写存储权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

    <!-- 通讯录权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.AppCode">
        <service
            android:name=".service.MusicService"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true" />

        <activity
            android:name=".activity.ContactActivity"
            android:exported="false">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.app.lib_name"
                android:value="" />
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".activity.AudioActivity"
            android:exported="false">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.app.lib_name"
                android:value="" />
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>

            <meta-data
                android:name="android.app.lib_name"
                android:value="" />
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>