接下来,通过一个订单商品数据模型来了解如何实现一对一查询、一对多查询、多对多查询。
下面介绍一下数据模型
(1)各表介绍如下。
用户表:user记录了购买商品的用户信息。
订单表:orders记录了用户所创建的订单(购买商品的订单)。
订单明细表:orderdetail记录了订单的详细信息,即购买商品的信息。
商品表:items记录了商品信息。
(2)orders和user介绍如下。
orders→user:一个订单只由一个用户创建,是一对一关系。
user→orders:一个用户可以创建多个订单,是一对多关系。
(3)orders和orderdetail介绍如下。
orders→orderdetail:一个订单可以包括多个订单明细,因为一个订单可以购买多个商品,每个商品的购买信息在orderdetail中记录,是一对多关系。
orderdetail→orders:一个订单明细只能包括在一个订单中,是一对一关系。
(4)orderdetail和items介绍如下。
orderdetail→items:一个订单明细只对应一个商品信息,是一对一关系。
items→orderdetail:一个商品可以包括在多个订单明细,是一对多关系。
(5)分析数据库级别没有关系的表之间是否有业务关系。orders和items之间可以通过orderdetail表建立关系。
项目情况截图
数据库,建表
create table w_user(
id int not null auto_increment primary key,
username varchar(50) not null,
sex varchar(10) null,
address varchar(100) null
)
insert into w_user values (null,'tom','boy','陕西省西安市');
insert into w_user values (null,'lucy','girl','陕西省西安市');
create table w_orders(
id int not null auto_increment primary key,
user_id int not null,
number int not null,
createtime datetime default now(),
note varchar(100) null
)
insert into w_orders values (null,1,100,'2022-01-01','order1');
insert into w_orders values (null,2,100,'2022-01-01','order2');
select
o.id,
o.user_id as userId,
o.number,
o.createtime,
o.note,
u.username,
u.sex,
u.address
from w_orders o,w_user u
where o.user_id = u.id;
create table w_orderdetails(
orderdetail_id int not null auto_increment primary key,
item_id int not null,
item_num int not null,
order_id int not null
)
insert into w_orderdetails values (null,1,999,1);
insert into w_orderdetails values (null,2,888,1);
insert into w_orderdetails values (null,1,999,2);
insert into w_orderdetails values (null,2,888,2);
select
o.id,
o.user_id,
o.number,
o.createtime,
o.note,
u.username,
u.sex,
u.address,
d.orderdetail_id,
d.item_id,
d.item_num,
d.order_id
from w_orders o,w_user u,w_orderdetails d
where o.user_id = u.id and d.order_id = o.id
create table w_items(
id int not null auto_increment primary key,
item_name varchar(50) not null,
item_detail varchar(50) null,
item_price int not null default 0
)
insert into w_items values(null,'牙刷','海牛',99);
insert into w_items values(null,'牙膏','黑人',99);
insert into w_items values(null,'洗发乳','海飞丝',99);
insert into w_items values(null,'护发素','海飞丝',99);
insert into w_items values(null,'剃须刀','飞科',99);
insert into w_items values(null,'丝袜','九妹',99);
insert into w_items values(null,'弹力裤','巴黎宝贝',99);
select
o.id,
o.user_id,
o.number,
o.createtime,
o.note,
u.username,
u.sex,
u.address,
d.orderdetail_id,
d.item_id,
d.item_num,
d.order_id,
i.item_name,
i.item_detail,
i.item_price
from w_orders o,w_user u,w_orderdetails d,w_items i
where o.user_id = u.id and d.order_id = o.id and d.item_id = i.id
多对多关联映射
创建pojo与User.java、Orders.java、Orderdetails.java、Items.java的关联。
映射思路:
(1)将用户信息映射到user中。
(2)在user类中添加订单列表属性private List<Orders>orderList,将用户创建的订单映射到ordersList。
(3)在Orders中添加订单明细列表属性private List<Orderdetail>orderdetails,将订单的明细映射到orderdetails。
(4)在Orderdetail中添加Items属性private Items items,将订单明细所对应的商品映射到Items。
User.java
package com.shrimpking.code06.pojo;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author user1
*/
public class User
{
private int id;
private String username;
private String sex;
private String address;
private List<Orders> ordersList;
public User()
{
}
public User(int id, String username, String sex, String address)
{
this.id = id;
this.username = username;
this.sex = sex;
this.address = address;
}
public int getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(int id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername()
{
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username)
{
this.username = username;
}
public String getSex()
{
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex)
{
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getAddress()
{
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address)
{
this.address = address;
}
public List<Orders> getOrdersList()
{
return ordersList;
}
public void setOrdersList(List<Orders> ordersList)
{
this.ordersList = ordersList;
}
@Override
public String toString()
{
return "User{" + "id=" + id + ", username='" + username + '\'' + ", sex='" + sex + '\'' + ", address='" + address + '\'' + ", ordersList=" + ordersList + '}';
}
}
Orders.java
package com.shrimpking.code06.pojo;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author user1
*/
public class Orders
{
private int id;
private int userId;
private int number;
private Date createtime;
private String note;
private List<OrderDetails> orderDetails;
public Orders()
{
}
public Orders(int id, int userId, int number, Date createtime, String note)
{
this.id = id;
this.userId = userId;
this.number = number;
this.createtime = createtime;
this.note = note;
}
public int getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(int id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public int getUserId()
{
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(int userId)
{
this.userId = userId;
}
public int getNumber()
{
return number;
}
public void setNumber(int number)
{
this.number = number;
}
public Date getCreatetime()
{
return createtime;
}
public void setCreatetime(Date createtime)
{
this.createtime = createtime;
}
public String getNote()
{
return note;
}
public void setNote(String note)
{
this.note = note;
}
public List<OrderDetails> getOrderDetails()
{
return orderDetails;
}
public void setOrderDetails(List<OrderDetails> orderDetails)
{
this.orderDetails = orderDetails;
}
@Override
public String toString()
{
return "Orders{" + "id=" + id + ", userId=" + userId + ", number=" + number + ", createtime=" + createtime + ", note='" + note + '\'' + ", orderDetails=" + orderDetails + '}';
}
}
OrderDetails.java
package com.shrimpking.code06.pojo;
/**
* @author user1
*/
public class OrderDetails
{
private int id;
private int itemId;
private int itemNum;
private int orderId;
private Items items;
public OrderDetails()
{
}
public OrderDetails(int id, int itemId, int itemNum, int orderId)
{
this.id = id;
this.itemId = itemId;
this.itemNum = itemNum;
this.orderId = orderId;
}
public int getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(int id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public int getItemId()
{
return itemId;
}
public void setItemId(int itemId)
{
this.itemId = itemId;
}
public int getItemNum()
{
return itemNum;
}
public void setItemNum(int itemNum)
{
this.itemNum = itemNum;
}
public int getOrderId()
{
return orderId;
}
public void setOrderId(int orderId)
{
this.orderId = orderId;
}
public Items getItems()
{
return items;
}
public void setItems(Items items)
{
this.items = items;
}
@Override
public String toString()
{
return "OrderDetails{" + "id=" + id + ", itemId=" + itemId + ", itemNum=" + itemNum + ", orderId=" + orderId + ", items=" + items + '}';
}
}
items.java
package com.shrimpking.code06.pojo;
/**
* @author user1
*/
public class Items
{
private int id;
private String itemName;
private String itemDetail;
private int itemPrice;
public Items()
{
}
public Items(int id, String itemName, String itemDetail, int itemPrice)
{
this.id = id;
this.itemName = itemName;
this.itemDetail = itemDetail;
this.itemPrice = itemPrice;
}
public int getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(int id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public String getItemName()
{
return itemName;
}
public void setItemName(String itemName)
{
this.itemName = itemName;
}
public String getItemDetail()
{
return itemDetail;
}
public void setItemDetail(String itemDetail)
{
this.itemDetail = itemDetail;
}
public int getItemPrice()
{
return itemPrice;
}
public void setItemPrice(int itemPrice)
{
this.itemPrice = itemPrice;
}
@Override
public String toString()
{
return "Items{" + "id=" + id + ", itemName='" + itemName + '\'' + ", itemDetail='" + itemDetail + '\'' + ", itemPrice=" + itemPrice + '}';
}
}
OrderMapper.java
package com.shrimpking.code06.mapper;
import com.shrimpking.code06.pojo.User;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author user1
*/
public interface OrdersMapper
{
public List<User> findUserAndItems();
}
OrderMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.shrimpking.code06.mapper.OrdersMapper">
<resultMap id="map" type="User">
<!-- user -->
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="username" property="username"/>
<result column="sex" property="sex"/>
<result column="address" property="address"/>
<!--orders-->
<collection property="ordersList" ofType="Orders">
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="user_id" property="userId"/>
<result column="number" property="number"/>
<result column="createtime" property="createtime"/>
<result column="note" property="note"/>
<!-- orderDetails -->
<collection property="orderDetails" ofType="OrderDetails">
<id column="orderdetail_id" property="id"/>
<result column="item_id" property="itemId"/>
<result column="item_num" property="itemNum"/>
<result column="order_id" property="orderId"/>
<!-- items -->
<association property="items" javaType="Items">
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="item_name" property="itemName"/>
<result column="item_detail" property="itemDetail"/>
<result column="item_price" property="itemPrice"/>
</association>
</collection>
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!-- 查询 -->
<select id="findUserAndItems" resultMap="map">
select
o.id,
o.user_id,
o.number,
o.createtime,
o.note,
u.username,
u.sex,
u.address,
d.orderdetail_id,
d.item_id,
d.item_num,
d.order_id,
i.item_name,
i.item_detail,
i.item_price
from
w_orders o,
w_user u,
w_orderdetails d,
w_items i
where
o.user_id = u.id
and d.order_id = o.id
and d.item_id = i.id
</select>
</mapper>
mybatis.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 起别名 -->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.shrimpking.code06.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<!-- 环境 -->
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<!-- 默认事务管理 -->
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<!-- 默认的数据库连接 -->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimeZone=UTC"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="mysql123"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/shrimpking/code06/mapper/OrdersMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
编写测试类
UserTest.java
package com.shrimpking.code06;
import com.shrimpking.code06.mapper.OrdersMapper;
import com.shrimpking.code06.pojo.User;
import com.shrimpking.utils.DaoUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
public class UserTest
{
@Test
public void test() throws IOException
{
SqlSession sqlSession = DaoUtils.getSqlSession("code06/mybatis.xml");
OrdersMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrdersMapper.class);
List<User> userList = mapper.findUserAndItems();
for (User user : userList)
{
System.out.println(user);
}
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/*
User{id=1, username='tom', sex='boy', address='陕西省西安市',
ordersList=[
Orders{id=1, userId=1, number=100, createtime=Sat Jan 01 00:00:00 CST 2022, note='order1',
orderDetails=[
OrderDetails{id=1, itemId=1, itemNum=999, orderId=1,
items=Items{id=1, itemName='牙刷', itemDetail='海牛', itemPrice=99}},
OrderDetails{id=2, itemId=2, itemNum=888, orderId=1,
items=Items{id=1, itemName='牙膏', itemDetail='黑人', itemPrice=99}}]}]}
User{id=2, username='lucy', sex='girl', address='陕西省西安市',
ordersList=[
Orders{id=2, userId=2, number=100, createtime=Sat Jan 01 00:00:00 CST 2022, note='order2',
orderDetails=[
OrderDetails{id=3, itemId=1, itemNum=999, orderId=2,
items=Items{id=2, itemName='牙刷', itemDetail='海牛', itemPrice=99}},
OrderDetails{id=4, itemId=2, itemNum=888, orderId=2,
items=Items{id=2, itemName='牙膏', itemDetail='黑人', itemPrice=99}}]}]}
*/
DaoUtils.java
package com.shrimpking.utils;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
/**
* @author user1
*/
public class DaoUtils
{
private static Reader reader;
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
public static SqlSession getSqlSession(String config) throws IOException
{
try
{
reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader(config);
//
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
}
catch (IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally
{
reader.close();
}
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
}
}
运行截图