pyqgis 平移缩放工具的使用

import sys
from qgis.PyQt.QtCore import Qt
from qgis.PyQt.QtGui import QIcon
from qgis.PyQt.QtWidgets import(
    QMainWindow,
    QVBoxLayout,
    QWidget,
    QFileDialog,
    QAction
    )
from qgis.core import (
    QgsApplication,
    QgsVectorLayer,
    QgsRasterLayer,
    QgsProject
)
from qgis.gui import (
    QgsMapCanvas,
    QgsMapTool
)

class PanTool(QgsMapTool):
    def __init__(self,mapCanvas):
        super(PanTool,self).__init__(mapCanvas)
        self.setCursor(Qt.OpenHandCursor) 
        self.dragging=False

    def canvasMoveEvent(self,event):
        if event.buttons() == Qt.LeftButton:
            if not self.dragging:
                self.dragging=True
                self.canvas().panAction(event)

    def canvasReleaseEvent(self,event):
        if event.button()== Qt.LeftButton and self.dragging:
            self.canvas().panActionEnd(event.pos())
            self.dragging=False

class MapViewer(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MapViewer,self).__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("Map Viewer")

        self._layers=[]

        self.create_widget()
        self.setup_file_menu()

    def create_widget(self):
        """
        创建布局
        """
        self._canvas =QgsMapCanvas()
        self._canvas.setCanvasColor(Qt.white)
        self._canvas.show()

        layout=QVBoxLayout()
        layout.addWidget(self._canvas)

        contents=QWidget()
        contents.setLayout(layout)
        self.setCentralWidget(contents)

    def setup_file_menu(self):
        """
        创建菜单和工具栏
        """
        file_menu=self.menuBar().addMenu("文件")
        view_menu=self.menuBar().addMenu("视图")
        mode_menu=self.menuBar().addMenu("Mode")

        open_shpfile_action=self.create_action("打开shp",self.open_shpfile)
        open_rasterfile_action=self.create_action("打开tif",self.open_rasterfile)
        toolbar_=self.addToolBar("tools")
        zoomIn_action=self.create_action("ZoomIn",self.zoomIn,None,'images/mActionZoomIn.svg',"ZoomIn")
        zoomOut_action=self.create_action("ZoomOut",self.zoomOut,None,'images/mActionZoomOut.svg',"ZoomOut")
        
        self.pan_action=self.create_action("Pan",self.setPanMode,None,'images/mActionPan.svg',"Pan",True)
        self.panTool=PanTool(self._canvas)
        self.panTool.setAction(self.pan_action)
        
        self.add_action(file_menu,(open_shpfile_action,open_rasterfile_action,None))
        self.add_action(toolbar_,(zoomIn_action,zoomOut_action,self.pan_action))

    def open_shpfile(self):
        """打开shp文件"""
        filename,_=QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self,'open shp file','.','(*.shp)')
        if filename:
            layer=QgsVectorLayer(filename,"layer1","ogr")
            if not layer.isValid():
                raise IOError("Invalid shapefile")
            QgsProject.instance().addMapLayer(layer)
            self._layers.append(layer)
            self._canvas.setExtent(layer.extent())
            self._canvas.setLayers(self._layers)
    
    def open_rasterfile(self):
        """打开tif文件"""
        filename,_=QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self,'open raster file','.','(*.tif)')
        if filename:
            layer=QgsRasterLayer(filename,"rlayer1")
            if not layer.isValid():
                raise IOError("Invalid shapefile")
            QgsProject.instance().addMapLayer(layer)
            self._layers.append(layer)
            self._canvas.setExtent(layer.extent())
            self._canvas.setLayers(self._layers)

    def create_action(self,text,slot=None,shotcut=None,icon=None,tip=None,checkable=False,signal='triggered'): 
        """
        创建QAction
        """
        action=QAction(text,self) 
        if icon is not None: 
            action.setIcon(QIcon(icon)) 
        if shotcut is not None: 
            action.setShortcut(shotcut) 
        if tip is not None: 
            action.setToolTip(tip) 
            action.setStatusTip(tip) 
        if slot is not None: 
            getattr(action,signal).connect(slot) 
        if checkable: 
            action.setCheckable(True) 
        return action 
    
    def add_action(self,target,actions):
        """
        menu and action
        """
        for action in actions:
            if action is None:
                target.addSeparator()
            else:
                target.addAction(action)

    def zoomIn(self):
        '''
        放大
        '''
        self._canvas.zoomIn()
    def zoomOut(self):
        """
        缩小
        """
        self._canvas.zoomOut()
        
    def setPanMode(self):
        """
        平移
        """

        self.pan_action.setChecked(True)
        self._canvas.setMapTool(self.panTool)
            

    def setExploreMode(self):
        """
        查询
        """
        pass

if __name__=="__main__":
    
    QgsApplication.setPrefixPath("qgis",True)
    qgs=QgsApplication([],True)
    qgs.initQgis()

    viewer=MapViewer()
    viewer.show()
    exitCode=qgs.exec()
    qgs.exitQgis()