Map介绍

b站课程地址：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV18J411W7cE?p=257

1 Map

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• 使用put方法来添加元素；当put方法中的键重复出现时，则为修改元素
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• Student是自定义类，若要实现学生对象的成员变量值相同，就认为是同一个对象，需要在学生类中重写方法（自动生成即可）
• 集合嵌套：
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• import java.util.HashMap;
  import java.util.Scanner;
  import java.util.Set;
  import java.util.TreeMap;
  
  public class test002 {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
          System.out.println("请输入一个字符串");
          String line = sc.nextLine();
  
          //HashMap<Character,Integer> hm = new HashMap<Character,Integer>();
          //TreeMap可以排序
          TreeMap<Character,Integer> hm = new TreeMap<Character,Integer>();
  
          for(int i = 0; i<line.length(); i++){
              char key = line.charAt(i);
              Integer value = hm.get(key);
              if(value == null){
                  hm.put(key,1);
              }else{
                  value++;
                  hm.put(key,value);
              }
          }
  
          StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
          Set<Character> characters = hm.keySet();
          for(Character c : characters){
              Integer value = hm.get(c);
              sb.append(c).append("(").append(value).append(")");
          }
  
          System.out.println(sb.toString());
      }
  }

2 Collections

• Collections类是针对集合操作的工具类
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3 模拟斗地主

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• import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.Collections;
  
  public class PokerDemo {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          ArrayList<String> array = new ArrayList<String>();
          /*
          ♦2... ♦K,♦A
          ♣2,...
          ♥2,...
          ♠2,...
          小王，大王
          * */
          //定义花色数组
          String[] colors = {"♦","♣","♥","♠"};
          //定义点数数组
          String[] numbers = {"2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10","J","Q","K","A"};
          //向牌盒里存牌
          for(String color : colors){
              for(String number : numbers){
                  array.add(color+number);
              }
          }
          array.add("小王");
          array.add("大王");
          //洗牌
          Collections.shuffle(array);
          //发牌
          ArrayList<String> tangArray = new ArrayList<String>();
          ArrayList<String> heArray = new ArrayList<String>();
          ArrayList<String> huArray = new ArrayList<String>();
          ArrayList<String> dpArray = new ArrayList<String>();
  
          for(int i = 0; i < array.size(); i++){
              String poker = array.get(i);
              if(i>=array.size()-3){
                  dpArray.add(poker);
              }
              else if(i % 3 == 0){
                  tangArray.add(poker);
              }
              else if(i % 3 == 1){
                  heArray.add(poker);
              }
              else if(i % 3 == 2){
                  huArray.add(poker);
              }
          }
          //看牌
          lookPokers("唐",tangArray);
          lookPokers("何",heArray);
          lookPokers("胡",huArray);
          lookPokers("底牌",dpArray);
      }
  
      public static void lookPokers(String name, ArrayList<String> array){
          System.out.print(name + "的牌是：");
          for(String poker : array){
              System.out.print(poker + " ");
          }
          System.out.println();
      }
  }

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• import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.Collections;
  import java.util.HashMap;
  import java.util.TreeSet;
  
  public class PokerNewDemo {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          //创建HashMap，键是编号，值是牌
          HashMap<Integer, String> hm = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
          //创建ArrayList，存储编号
          ArrayList<Integer> array = new ArrayList<Integer>();
          //创建花色数组和点数数组
          String[] colors = {"♦","♣","♥","♠"};
          String[] numbers = {"3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10","J","Q","K","A","2"};
          int index = 0;
          for(String number : numbers){
              for(String color : colors){
                  hm.put(index, color+number);
                  array.add(index);
                  index++;
              }
          }
          hm.put(index,"小王");
          array.add(index);
          index++;
          hm.put(index,"大王");
          array.add(index);
  
          //洗牌，洗的是编号
          Collections.shuffle(array);
          //发牌，发的是编号
          TreeSet<Integer> tangSet = new TreeSet<Integer>();
          TreeSet<Integer> huSet = new TreeSet<Integer>();
          TreeSet<Integer> heSet = new TreeSet<Integer>();
          TreeSet<Integer> dpSet = new TreeSet<Integer>();
  
          for(int i = 0; i<array.size(); i++){
              int x = array.get(i);
              if(i>=array.size()-3){
                  dpSet.add(x);
              }
              else if(i % 3 == 0){
                  tangSet.add(x);
              }
              else if(i % 3 == 1){
                  huSet.add(x);
              }
              else if(i % 3 == 2){
                  heSet.add(x);
              }
          }
          lookPokers("唐",tangSet,hm);
          lookPokers("胡",huSet,hm);
          lookPokers("何",heSet,hm);
          lookPokers("底牌",dpSet,hm);
      }
  
      //看牌方法
      public static void lookPokers(String name, TreeSet<Integer> ts, HashMap<Integer, String> hm) {
          System.out.print(name + "的牌是：");
          for(Integer key : ts){
              String poker = hm.get(key);
              System.out.print(poker + " ");
          }
          System.out.println();
      }
  }