线程间同步标准的使用方式如下:
//thread 1:
// pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
// while (!condition)
// pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &mutex);
// func_1(); /* do something that requires holding the mutex and condition is true */
// pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
//thread2:
// pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
// func_2(); /* do something that might make condition true */
// pthread_cond_signal(&cond);
// pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
关于条件变量使用的一些陷阱参照:http://www.cppblog.com/Solstice/archive/2013/09/09/203094.html
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pthread_cond_signal(): 唤醒等待cond的线程
pthread_cond_wait(): 释放mutex 睡眠等待cond条件发生,pthread_cond_wait()通常和mutex绑定在
一起. 在pthread_cond_wait中,为保证信号不会丢失 释放mutex和进入cond的
等待队列是原子的操作. 当线程收到信号时在wakeup前需要重新获得mutex. 如果
发送线程还没有释放mutex,则当前线程继续等待直到获得mutex该函数才返回.
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简单实现一个线程安全队列:
template <class T>
class Queue{
private:
pthread_cond_t cond;
pthread_mutex_t mutex;
std::queue<T> items;
public:
Queue();
~Queue();
bool empty();
int size();
int push(const T item);
int pop(T *data);
};
template <class T>
Queue<T>::Queue(){
pthread_cond_init(&cond, NULL);
pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL);
}
template <class T>
Queue<T>::~Queue(){
pthread_cond_destroy(&cond);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);
}
template <class T>
bool Queue<T>::empty(){
bool ret = false;
if(pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex) != 0){
return -1;
}
ret = items.empty();
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
return ret;
}
template <class T>
int Queue<T>::size(){
int ret = -1;
if(pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex) != 0){
return -1;
}
ret = items.size();
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
return ret;
}
template <class T>
int Queue<T>::push(const T item){
if(pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex) != 0){
return -1;
}
{
items.push(item);
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
pthread_cond_signal(&cond);
return 1;
}
template <class T>
int Queue<T>::pop(T *data){
if(pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex) != 0){
return -1;
}
{
while(items.empty()){
if(pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &mutex) != 0){
return -1;
}
}
*data = items.front();
items.pop();
}
if(pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex) != 0){
return -1;
}
return 1;
}