413 Arithmetic Slices

413 Arithmetic Slices

• 题目描述：A sequence of number is called arithmetic if it consists of at least three elements and if the difference between any two consecutive elements is the same.

  For example, these are arithmetic sequence:

  1, 3, 5, 7, 9
  7, 7, 7, 7
  3, -1, -5, -9

  The following sequence is not arithmetic.

  1, 1, 2, 5, 7

  A zero-indexed array A consisting of N numbers is given. A slice of that array is any pair of integers (P, Q) such that 0 <= P < Q < N.

  A slice (P, Q) of array A is called arithmetic if the sequence:
  A[P], A[p + 1], …, A[Q - 1], A[Q] is arithmetic. In particular, this means that P + 1 < Q.

  The function should return the number of arithmetic slices in the array A.

• 题目大意：给定一个包含至少3个元素的序列，找出序列中所有的等差子序列的个数。

• 思路：限定了等差数列的长度至少为3，那么[1,2,3,4]含有3个长度至少为3的算数切片，我们再来看[1,2,3,4,5]有多少个呢:len = 3: [1,2,3], [2,3,4], [3,4,5]，len = 4: [1,2,3,4], [2,3,4,5]，len = 5: [1,2,3,4,5]，那么我们可以找出递推式，长度为n的等差数列中含有长度至少为3的算数切片的个数为(n-1)(n-2)/2，那么题目就变成了找原数组中等差数列的长度，然后带入公式去算个数即可。

• 代码

  package DP;
  
  /**
  * @author OovEver
  * 2018/1/4 22:53
  */
  public class LeetCode413 {
    public int numberOfArithmeticSlices(int[] A) {
        int curr = 0, sum = 0;
        for(int i=2;i<A.length;i++) {
            if (A[i] - A[i - 1] == A[i - 1] - A[i - 2]) {
                curr++;
                sum += curr;
            } else {
                curr = 0;
            }
        }
        return sum;
    }
  }