Greenplum实战--GreenPlum数据库Master节点搭建Standby【转】

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最新推荐文章于 2023-09-06 10:13:13 发布

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分类专栏： Greenplum # 集群管理文章标签： postgresql

原文链接：http://www.dbdream.com.cn/2016/02/greenplum%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93master%e8%8a%82%e7%82%b9%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%bastandby/

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GreenPlum数据库对于数据的冗余，也支持类似Oracle数据库物理DataGuard的数据冗余机制，Master的数据库镜像称为Standby，Segment节点的数据库镜像称之为Mirror，本文主要介绍如何为没有做Standby的Master节点添加Standby。

需要注意，在为Master节点搭建Standby的过程中，GreenPlum会自动关闭数据库，并以utility模式打开Master节点，然后修改gp_segment_configuration字典中增加Standby的信息，然后再关闭Master节点，将Master的数据拷贝到Standby节点，最后启动数据库，所以，在为Master节点添加Standby时，需要在空闲时段进行，否则会影响业务。

在搭建Standby的时候，Standby主机需要先安装GreenPlum数据库软件，这和正常安装GreenPlum数据库软件没有区别，从规范化考虑，尽量使用和Master主机同样的安装路径，下面简单结束安装过程。

1.创建gpadmin用户及安装目录

`01`	`[root@mdw-std ~]# groupadd -g 520 gpadmin`

`02`	`[root@mdw-std ~]# useradd -u 520 -g gpadmin gpadmin`

`03`	`[root@mdw-std ~]# passwd gpadmin`

`04`	`Changing password for user gpadmin.`

`05`	`New password:`

`06`	`BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word`

`07`	`BAD PASSWORD: is too simple`

`08`	`Retype new password:`

`09`	`passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.`

`10`	`[root@mdw-std ~]# mkdir -p /gpdb/app`

`11`	`[root@mdw-std ~]# mkdir -p /gpdb/gpdata`

`12`	`[root@mdw-std ~]# chown -R gpadmin:gpadmin /gpdb/`

2.配置hosts文件，添加所有主机的信息

`1`	`[gpadmin@mdw config]$ vi /etc/hosts`

`2`	`10.9.15.20 mdw`

`3`	`10.9.15.22 mdw-std`

`4`	`10.9.15.24 sdw1`

`5`	`10.9.15.26 sdw2`

`6`	`10.9.15.28 sdw3`

除Standby主机外，其他所有主机(Master节点和所有Segment节点)的hosts文件均需要添加Standby主机的信息，也就是所有GreenPlum数据库包含的主机的hosts文件都需要包含以上hosts文件中的所有主机信息。

3.上传安装文件及解压

`01`	`[gpadmin@mdw-std gpdb]$ scp 10.9.15.20:/gpdb/*.zip .`

`02`	`The authenticity of host '10.9.15.20 (10.9.15.20)' can't be established.`

`03`	`RSA key fingerprint is 61:72:68:57:16:28:40:d4:bc:9e:68:f0:bc:ac:65:e9.`

`04`	`Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes`

`05`	`Warning: Permanently added '10.9.15.20' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.`

`06`	`gpadmin@10.9.15.20's password:`

`07`	`greenplum-db-4.3.6.2-build-1-RHEL5-x86_64.zip 100% 134MB 133.7MB/s 00:01`

`08`	`[gpadmin@mdw-std gpdb]$ unzip greenplum-db-4.3.6.2-build-1-RHEL5-x86_64.zip`

`09`	`Archive: greenplum-db-4.3.6.2-build-1-RHEL5-x86_64.zip`

`10`	`inflating: README_INSTALL`

`11`	`inflating: greenplum-db-4.3.6.2-build-1-RHEL5-x86_64.bin`

4.配置内核参数，添加以下内容

`01`	`[root@mdw-std ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf`

02

`03`	`kernel.shmmax = 500000000`

`04`	`kernel.shmall = 4000000000`

`05`	`kernel.shmmni = 4096`

`06`	`kernel.sem = 250 512000 100 2048`

`07`	`kernel.sysrq = 1`

`08`	`kernel.core_uses_pid = 1`

`09`	`kernel.msgmnb = 65536`

`10`	`kernel.msgmax = 65536`

`11`	`kernel.msgmni = 2048`

`12`	`net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1`

`13`	`net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0`

`14`	`net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0`

`15`	`net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1`

`16`	`net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 4096`

`17`	`net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1`

`18`	`net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_filter = 1`

`19`	`net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1025 65535`

`20`	`net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 10000`

`21`	`vm.overcommit_memory = 2`

通过sysctl命令使之生效。

`1`	`[root@mdw-std ~]# sysctl -p`

5.配置资源限额(limit)

`1`	`[root@mdw-std ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf`

`2`	`gpadmin soft nofile 65536`

`3`	`gpadmin hard nofile 65536`

`4`	`gpadmin soft nproc 131072`

`5`	`gpadmin hard nproc 131072`

6.修改磁盘模式，/boot/grub/menu.lst文件增加elevator=deadline。

`01`	`[root@mdw-std ~]# echo deadline > /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler`

`02`	`[root@mdw-std ~]# cat /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler`

`03`	`noop [deadline] cfq`

04

`05`	`[root@mdw-std ~]# vi /boot/grub/menu.lst`

`06`	`# grub.conf generated by anaconda`

07 #

`08`	`# Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes to this file`

`09`	`# NOTICE: You have a /boot partition. This means that`

`10`	`# all kernel and initrd paths are relative to /boot/, eg.`

`11`	`# root (hd0,0)`

`12`	`# kernel /vmlinuz-version ro root=/dev/sda3`

`13`	`# initrd /initrd-[generic-]version.img`

`14`	`#boot=/dev/sda`

`15`	`default=0`

`16`	`timeout=5`

`17`	`splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz`

`18`	`hiddenmenu`

`19`	`title Oracle Linux Server Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel (3.8.13-16.2.1.el6uek.x86_64)`

`20`	`root (hd0,0)`

`21`	`kernel /vmlinuz-3.8.13-16.2.1.el6uek.x86_64 ro root=UUID=1fb9c4cf-3cf4-47db-bf4a-0a87958d477d rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet`

`22`	`initrd /initramfs-3.8.13-16.2.1.el6uek.x86_64.img`

`23`	`title Oracle Linux Server Red Hat Compatible Kernel (2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64)`

`24`	`root (hd0,0)`

`25`	`kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 ro root=UUID=1fb9c4cf-3cf4-47db-bf4a-0a87958d477d rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM elevator=deadline rhgb quiet`

`26`	`initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64.img`

7.配置磁盘预读块

`1`	`[root@mdw-std ~]# /sbin/blockdev --setra 65535 /dev/sda3`

8.安装GreenPlum数据库软件

`1`	`[gpadmin@mdw-std gpdb]$ /bin/bash greenplum-db-4.3.6.2-build-1-RHEL5-x86_64.bin`

跳过一堆的许可信息后，会提示license相关的信息。

`1`	`********************************************************************************`

`2`	`Do you accept the Pivotal Database license agreement? [yes\|no]`

`3`	`********************************************************************************`

输入yes确认后，会提示安装路径相关信息。

1 yes

2

`3`	`********************************************************************************`

`4`	`Provide the installation path for Greenplum Database or press ENTER to`

`5`	`accept the default installation path: /usr/local/greenplum-db-4.3.6.2`

`6`	`********************************************************************************`

这里使用和Master相同的安装路径。

`1`	`/gpdb/app`

2

`3`	`********************************************************************************`

`4`	`Install Greenplum Database into </gpdb/app>? [yes\|no]`

`5`	`********************************************************************************`

输入yes确认安装路径。

01 yes

02

`03`	`Extracting product to /gpdb/app`

04

`05`	`********************************************************************************`

`06`	`Installation complete.`

`07`	`Greenplum Database is installed in /gpdb/app`

08

`09`	`Pivotal Greenplum documentation is available`

`10`	`for download at http://docs.gopivotal.com/gpdb`

`11`	`********************************************************************************`

GreenPlum数据库软件安装完成，需要配置gpadmin用户的环境变量，增加以下内容。

`1`	`[gpadmin@mdw-std app]$ vi /home/gpadmin/.bash_profile`

`2`	`source /gpdb/app/greenplum_path.sh`

使之生效。

`1`	`[gpadmin@mdw-std app]$ . /home/gpadmin/.bash_profile`

9.Standby主机创建数据库初始化数据存放目录及文件空间目录，需要和Master目录一样。

`1`	`[gpadmin@mdw-std gpdata]$ mkdir /gpdb/gpdata/master`

`2`	`[gpadmin@mdw-std gpdata]$ mkdir /gpdb/gpdata/fspc_master`

以上均是在Standby节点的主机上操作，接下来是在Master节点的主机上操作。

10.在Master节点配置所有节点于Standby节点的ssh互信。

`01`	`[gpadmin@mdw config]$ vi hostlist`

02

03 mdw

04 mdw-std

05 sdw1

06 sdw2

07 sdw3

08

`09`	`[gpadmin@mdw config]$ gpssh-exkeys -f hostlist`

`10`	`[STEP 1 of 5] create local ID and authorize on local host`

`11`	`... /home/gpadmin/.ssh/id_rsa file exists ... key generation skipped`

12

`13`	`[STEP 2 of 5] keyscan all hosts and update known_hosts file`

14

`15`	`[STEP 3 of 5] authorize current user on remote hosts`

`16`	`... send to mdw-std`

17 ***

`18`	`*** Enter password for mdw-std:`

`19`	`... send to sdw1`

`20`	`... send to sdw2`

`21`	`... send to sdw3`

22

`23`	`[STEP 4 of 5] determine common authentication file content`

24

`25`	`[STEP 5 of 5] copy authentication files to all remote hosts`

`26`	`... finished key exchange with mdw-std`

`27`	`... finished key exchange with sdw1`

`28`	`... finished key exchange with sdw2`

`29`	`... finished key exchange with sdw3`

30

`31`	`[INFO] completed successfully`

通过gpssh工具测试互信设置是否成功。

`01`	`[gpadmin@mdw config]$ gpssh -f hostlist -e 'date'`

`02`	`[mdw-std] date`

`03`	`[mdw-std] Tue Feb 16 17:50:16 CST 2016`

`04`	`[ mdw] date`

`05`	`[ mdw] Tue Feb 16 17:50:16 CST 2016`

`06`	`[ sdw2] date`

`07`	`[ sdw2] Tue Feb 16 17:50:16 CST 2016`

`08`	`[ sdw1] date`

`09`	`[ sdw1] Tue Feb 16 17:50:16 CST 2016`

`10`	`[ sdw3] date`

`11`	`[ sdw3] Tue Feb 16 17:50:16 CST 2016`

11.在Master节点通过gpinitstandby命令添加Standby。

`01`	`[gpadmin@mdw config]$ gpinitstandby -s mdw-std`

02

`03`	`The filespace locations on the master must be mapped to`

`04`	`locations on the standby. These locations must be empty on the`

`05`	`standby master host. The default provided is the location of`

`06`	`the filespace on the master (except if the master and the`

`07`	`standby are hosted on the same node or host). In most cases the`

`08`	`defaults can be used.`

09

`10`	`Enter standby filespace location for filespace fspc1 (default: /gpdb/gpdata/fspc_master/gpseg-1):`

这里会提示Master节点中记录的文件空间的目录，默认和Master相同，这里可以使用和Master节点不同的路径，建议使用一样的路径。需要注意，在这个步骤之前，一定要创建和Master一样的数据库初始化目录，这里是/gpdb/gpdata/master目录，否则会报这个路径找不到的错误。如果文件空间直接使用默认路径，直接回车就可以。

01 >

`02`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Validating environment and parameters for standby initialization...`

`03`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking for filespace directory /gpdb/gpdata/master/gpseg-1 on mdw-std`

`04`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking for filespace directory /gpdb/gpdata/fspc_master/gpseg-1 on mdw-std`

`05`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------------`

`06`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum standby master initialization parameters`

`07`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------------`

`08`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum master hostname = mdw`

`09`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum master data directory = /gpdb/gpdata/master/gpseg-1`

`10`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum master port = 5432`

`11`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum standby master hostname = mdw-std`

`12`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum standby master port = 5432`

`13`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum standby master data directory = /gpdb/gpdata/master/gpseg-1`

`14`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum update system catalog = On`

`15`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------------`

`16`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Filespace locations`

`17`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:------------------------------------------------------`

`18`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-pg_system -> /gpdb/gpdata/master/gpseg-1`

`19`	`20160216:17:54:26:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-fspc1 -> /gpdb/gpdata/fspc_master/gpseg-1`

`20`	`Do you want to continue with standby master initialization? Yy\|Nn (default=N):`

输入Y确认搭建Standby。

01 > y

`02`	`20160216:17:54:56:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Syncing Greenplum Database extensions to standby`

`03`	`20160216:17:54:56:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-The packages on mdw-std are consistent.`

`04`	`20160216:17:54:56:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Adding standby master to catalog...`

`05`	`20160216:17:54:56:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Database catalog updated successfully.`

`06`	`20160216:17:54:56:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Updating pg_hba.conf file...`

`07`	`20160216:17:55:02:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-pg_hba.conf files updated successfully.`

`08`	`20160216:17:55:04:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Updating filespace flat files...`

`09`	`20160216:17:55:04:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Filespace flat file updated successfully.`

`10`	`20160216:17:55:04:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting standby master`

`11`	`20160216:17:55:04:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking if standby master is running on host: mdw-std in directory: /gpdb/gpdata/master/gpseg-1`

`12`	`20160216:17:55:05:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Cleaning up pg_hba.conf backup files...`

`13`	`20160216:17:55:11:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Backup files of pg_hba.conf cleaned up successfully.`

`14`	`20160216:17:55:11:011967 gpinitstandby:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Successfully created standby master on mdw-std`

搭建完成，可以使用gpstate命令查看Standby的状态。

`01`	`[gpadmin@mdw config]$ gpstate -s`

`02`	`20160216:17:55:37:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstate with args: -s`

`03`	`20160216:17:55:37:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-local Greenplum Version: 'postgres (Greenplum Database) 4.3.6.2 build 1'`

`04`	`20160216:17:55:37:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-master Greenplum Version: 'PostgreSQL 8.2.15 (Greenplum Database 4.3.6.2 build 1) on x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by GCC gcc (GCC) 4.4.2 compiled on Nov 12 2015 23:50:28'`

`05`	`20160216:17:55:37:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details from master...`

`06`	`20160216:17:55:37:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Gathering data from segments...`

07 .

`08`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------`

`09`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:--Master Configuration & Status`

`10`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------`

`11`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Master host = mdw`

`12`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Master postgres process ID = 2474`

`13`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Master data directory = /gpdb/gpdata/master/gpseg-1`

`14`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Master port = 5432`

`15`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Master current role = dispatch`

`16`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Greenplum initsystem version = 4.3.6.2 build 1`

`17`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Greenplum current version = PostgreSQL 8.2.15 (Greenplum Database 4.3.6.2 build 1) on x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu, compiled by GCC gcc (GCC) 4.4.2 compiled on Nov 12 2015 23:50:28`

`18`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Postgres version = 8.2.15`

`19`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Master standby = mdw-std`

`20`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Standby master state = Standby host passive`

`21`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------`

`22`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Segment Instance Status Report`

`23`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------`

`24`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Segment Info`

`25`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Hostname = sdw1`

`26`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Address = sdw1`

`27`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Datadir = /gpdb/gpdata/primary/gpseg0`

`28`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Port = 40000`

`29`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Status`

`30`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- PID = 2378`

`31`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Configuration reports status as = Up`

`32`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Database status = Up`

`33`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------`

`34`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Segment Info`

`35`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Hostname = sdw2`

`36`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Address = sdw2`

`37`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Datadir = /gpdb/gpdata/primary/gpseg1`

`38`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Port = 40000`

`39`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Status`

`40`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- PID = 2362`

`41`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Configuration reports status as = Up`

`42`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Database status = Up`

`43`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------------------------`

`44`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Segment Info`

`45`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Hostname = sdw3`

`46`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Address = sdw3`

`47`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Datadir = /gpdb/gpdata/primary/gpseg2`

`48`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Port = 40000`

`49`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Status`

`50`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- PID = 2384`

`51`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Configuration reports status as = Up`

`52`	`20160216:17:55:38:012095 gpstate:mdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:- Database status = Up`

也可以在Standby节点的主机上查看启动的进程来查看Standby的状态。

`1`	`[gpadmin@mdw-std gpdata]$ ps -ef \| grep gpadmin`

`2`	`gpadmin 4362 1 0 17:55 ? 00:00:00 /gpdb/app/bin/postgres -D /gpdb/gpdata/master/gpseg-1 -p 5432 -b 5 -z 3 --silent-mode=true -i -M master -C -1 -x 0 -y -E`

`3`	`gpadmin 4378 4362 0 17:55 ? 00:00:00 postgres: port 5432, master logger process`

`4`	`gpadmin 4379 4362 0 17:55 ? 00:00:00 postgres: port 5432, startup process recovering 000000010000000000000002`

`5`	`gpadmin 4390 4362 0 17:55 ? 00:00:00 postgres: port 5432, wal receiver process`

第一个进程是Standby的启动进程也就是守护进程，第二个进程是日志传输进程，第三个进程是数据同步进程也就是数据恢复进程，第四个进程是Standby与Master之间的通信检测进程，相当于心跳，以上进程的作用均是个人的猜测，有可能不准。

Standby搭建完成，即可在数据库中查询到Standby的信息。

`01`	`[gpadmin@mdw config]$ psql -d dbdream`

`02`	`psql (8.2.15)`

`03`	`Type "help" for help.`

04

`05`	`dbdream=# select * from gp_segment_configuration;`

`06`	`dbid \| content \| role \| preferred_role \| mode \| status \| port \| hostname \| address \| replication_port \| san_mounts`

`07`	`------+---------+------+----------------+------+--------+-------+----------+---------+------------------+--------`

`08`	`1 \| -1 \| p \| p \| s \| u \| 5432 \| mdw \| mdw \| \|`

`09`	`2 \| 0 \| p \| p \| s \| u \| 40000 \| sdw1 \| sdw1 \| \|`

`10`	`3 \| 1 \| p \| p \| s \| u \| 40000 \| sdw2 \| sdw2 \| \|`

`11`	`4 \| 2 \| p \| p \| s \| u \| 40000 \| sdw3 \| sdw3 \| \|`

`12`	`5 \| -1 \| m \| m \| s \| u \| 5432 \| mdw-std \| mdw-std \| \|`

`13`	`(5 rows)`

Murkey学习之旅

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