Web Service(WEB服务)能够快捷和方便地综合并结合各种系统、商务和任何应用平台。新出现的 Web Services 标准: SOAP、WSDL 和 UDDI 能够使任何系统和系统之间的应用变为更加方便和廉价。
Web服务(Web Services)和Service—Oriented Architecture作为实现分布式系统和履行公司内部、公司之间的应用整合的技术和架构出现。SOA和Web服务的体系结构是两个不同层面的问题,前者是概念模式,面向商业应用;后者则是实现模式,面向技术框架。
面向服务的体系结构所表示的是一个概念上的模型,在这个模型中,松散耦合的应用在网络上被描述、发布和调用。而Web服务则是一组由协议构成的协议栈所定义的框架结构,它定义了在不同的系统之间通信松散耦合的编程框架。也可以认为,Web服务体系结构实际上是面向服务的体系结构的一个特定实现;面向服务的体系结构作为一个概念上的模型,将网络、传输协议以及安全等具体的细节都遗留给特定的实现。Web服务中的SOAP,WSDL等都是具体实现细节的标准。
1、发送xml数据给服务器 ,并非以请求参数方式发送:
http://192.168.1.10:8080/video/manage.do?xml=<xml>....</xml>
服务器端代码:VideoManageAction.java
- public ActionForward getXML(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
- HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws Exception {
- InputStream inStream = request.getInputStream();
- byte[] data = StreamTool.readInputStream(inStream);
- String xml = new String(data, "UTF-8");
- System.out.println(xml);
- return mapping.findForward("result");
- }
- J2SE编写客户端向web服务器发生xml数据
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- String path="http://192.168.1.100:8080/videoweb/video/manage.do?method=getXML";
- String xml="<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><persons><person id=\"23\"><name>中国</name><age>30</age></person></persons>";
- byte[] data = xml.getBytes("UTF-8");//得到了xml的实体数据
- URL url = new URL(path);
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
- conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
- conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
- conn.setDoOutput(true);
- conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
- conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",
- String.valueOf(data.length));
- OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
- outStream.write(data);
- outStream.flush();
- outStream.close();
- System.out.println(conn.getResponseCode());
- }
- 2、发送SOAP数据给服务器调用webservice,实现手机号归属地查询
- 访问网址www.webxml.com.cn ,浏览各种web service,打开手机号码归属地查询并进行解释。
- 实验步骤:
- 创建android工程MobileBelong,设置网络访问权限。
- 资源
- <string name="hello">Hello World, MainActivity!</string>
- <string name="app_name">手机号归属地查询</string>
- <string name="mobile">手机号</string>
- <string name="button">查询</string>
- <string name="error">网络连接失败</string>
- <TextView
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="@string/mobile" />
- <EditText
- android:id="@+id/mobile"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="13472283596" />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/button"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:text="@string/button" />
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/result"
- android:layout_width="fill_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
- 在src目录下创建mobilesoap.xml,并将网址文档中提供的代码复制其中,如下
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope">
- <soap12:Body>
- <getMobileCodeInfo xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">
- <mobileCode>$mobile</mobileCode>
- <userID></userID>
- </getMobileCodeInfo>
- </soap12:Body>
- </soap12:Envelope>
- 业务类:MobileService
- 注意访问目标地址是:
- http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx
- 可以有协议中得到。
- package cn.class3g.service;
- …
- public class MobileService {
- public static String getMobileAddress(String mobile) throws Exception {
- InputStream inStream = MobileService.class.getClassLoader()
- .getResourceAsStream("mobilesoap.xml");
- byte[] data = StreamTool.readInputStream(inStream);
- String xml = new String(data);
- String soap = xml.replaceAll("\\$mobile", mobile);
- /**
- * 正则表达式$为特殊正则中的特殊符号须转义,即\$mobile
- * 而\为字符串中的特殊符号,所以用两个反斜杠,即"\\{1}quot;
- */
- String path = "http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx";
- data = soap.getBytes();// 得到了xml的实体数据
- URL url = new URL(path);
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
- conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
- conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
- conn.setDoOutput(true);
- conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
- "application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8");
- conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
- OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
- outStream.write(data);
- outStream.flush();
- outStream.close();
- if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
- InputStream responseStream = conn.getInputStream();
- return parseXML(responseStream);
- }
- return null;
- }
- /**
- * 解析返回xml数据
- *
- * @param responseStream
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- private static String parseXML(InputStream responseStream) throws Exception {
- XmlPullParser parser = Xml.newPullParser();
- parser.setInput(responseStream, "UTF-8");
- int event = parser.getEventType();
- while (event != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
- switch (event) {
- case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
- if ("getMobileCodeInfoResult".equals(parser.getName())) {
- return parser.nextText();
- }
- break;
- }
- event = parser.next();
- }
- return null;
- }
- }
工具类StreamTool
- package cn.class3g.utils;
- …
- public class StreamTool {
- /**
- * 从输入流读取数据
- * @param inStream
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] readInputStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{
- ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
- int len = 0;
- while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){
- outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
- }
- outSteam.close();
- inStream.close();
- return outSteam.toByteArray();
- }
- }
Activity类MobileBelongActivity
- package cn.class3g.mobile;
- public class MobileBelongActivity extends Activity {
- private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
- private EditText mobileText;
- private TextView resultView;
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
- mobileText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.mobile);
- resultView = (TextView) this.findViewById(R.id.result);
- Button button = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button);
- button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v) {
- String mobile = mobileText.getText().toString();
- try {
- String address = MobileService.getMobileAddress(mobile);
- resultView.setText(address);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
- Toast.makeText(MobileBelongActivity.this, R.string.error, 1).show();
- }
- }
- });
- }
- }
-
启动服务器,运行客户端进行测试