《.NET中扫描仪控制的实现》

Abstract

In Windows imaging applications, the most used API for scanning is TWAIN www.twain.org. Unfortunately, the new .NET Framework has no built-in support for TWAIN. So we have to work with the interop methods of .NET to access this API. This article doesn't explain this interop techniques, and good knowledge of theTWAIN 1.9 specifications is assumed! The sample code included doesn't present a finished library, only some essential steps for a minimal TWAIN adaption to .NET applications.

Details

First step was to port the most important parts of TWAIN.H, these are found in TwainDefs.cs. The real logic for calling TWAIN is coded in the class Twain, in fileTwainLib.cs.. As the TWAIN API is exposed by the Windows DLL, twain_32.dll, we have to use the .NET DllImport mechanism for interop with legacy code. This DLL has the central DSM_Entry(), ordinal #1 function exported as the entry point to TWAIN. This call has numerous parameters, and the last one is of variable type! It was found to be best if we declare multiple variants of the call like:

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[DllImport("twain_32.dll", EntryPoint="#1")]
private static extern TwRC DSMparent(
    [In, Out] TwIdentity origin,
    IntPtr zeroptr,
    TwDG dg, TwDAT dat, TwMSG msg,
    ref IntPtr refptr );

The Twain class has a simple 5-step interface:

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class Twain
{
    Init();
    Select();
    Acquire();
    PassMessage();
    TransferPictures();
}

For some sort of 'callbacks', TWAIN uses special Windows messages, and these must be caught from the application-message-loop. In .NET, the only way found wasIMessageFilter.PreFilterMessage(), and this filter has to be activated with a call like Application.AddMessageFilter(). Within the filter method, we have to forward each message to Twain.PassMessage(), and we get a hint (enum TwainCommand) back for how we have to react.

Sample App

The sample is a Windows Forms MDI-style application. It has the two TWAIN-related menu items Select Source... and Acquire... Once an image is scanned in, we can save it to a file in any of the GDI+ supported file formats (BMP, GIF, TIFF, JPEG...)

Limitations

All code was only tested on Windows 2000SP2, with an Epson Perfection USB scanner and an Olympus digital photo camera. The scanned picture is (by TWAIN spec) a Windows DIB, and the sample code has VERY little checking against error return codes and bitmap formats. Unfortunately, no direct method is available in .NET to convert a DIB to the managed Bitmap class... Some known problems may show up with color palettes and menus.

Note, TWAIN has it's root in 16-Bit Windows! For a more modern API supported on Windows ME/XP, have a look at Windows Image Acquisition (WIA).

License

This article, along with any associated source code and files, is licensed under A Public Domain dedication

摘要

在windows图象应用程序中，用于扫描的主要API是TWAIN www.twain.org .不幸的，是新的.NET Freamework框架没有内置支持TWAIN.因此，我们必须去写一个方法去使.NET下可以使用这个API。这个简单的代码包含的不是最终的功能介绍，只是一些并于.NET应用开发的TWAIN编程基本的步骤

祥细设计

第一步是最重要的部分，设置TWAIN.H端口，这部分代码在TwainDefs.cs中可以找到。主要的逻辑代码在TwainLib.cs的Twain 类中。TWAIN API 存在于Windows DLL的Twain_32.dll中，我们必须用.NET DLL 输入机制来实现交互性代码。这个DLL的中枢是DSM_Entry(),序数1#方法输出TWAIN的入口指针。它调用一些许多参数，最后一个是可变类型！如果在声明多个变量去调用，这是最好的，像如下：

[DllImport("twain_32.dll", EntryPoint="#1")]

private static extern TwRC DSMparent(

    [In, Out] TwIdentity origin,

    IntPtr zeroptr,

    TwDG dg, TwDAT dat, TwMSG msg,

    ref IntPtr refptr );

Twain 类的第5步如下：

class Twain

{

    Init();

    Select();

    Acquire();

    PassMessage();

    TransferPictures();

}

对于某些“回叫信号”，TWAIN调用特殊Windows通信，并且捕获应用环路信息。在.NET中，唯一的捕获方式是调用IMessageFilter.PreFilterMessage(),过滤器将在调用Application.AddMessageFilter()时被激活。在过滤器的方法中，我们将转送每一个信息给Twain.PassMessage(),并显示操作提示（Twain命令菜单）.

实例应用

这个例子是Windows 窗口MDI-style应用。它有两个TWAIN-related菜单选项 Select Source…和Acquire …,一个是图像扫描，我们可以把扫描的图像保存成任何的GDI+支持的文件格式（BMP，GIF，TIFF，JPEF…）

局限性

代码调试环境是：windows 2000/SP2,日本爱普生科技公司 USB扫描仪 。

扫描图像端口:Windows DIB(TWAIN spec调用)