目录
背景
我经常使用C#， 当我与database通信时，我喜欢使用基于ORM的结构。
现在我开始使用构建应用程序react-native并希望sqlite用作存储。
但我讨厌使用SQL查询，因为它看起来不如ORM好。
当我想使用那里的ORM库时，它非常大并且有太多我不需要的代码，所以我构建了自己的ORM。
使用代码
首先，我们需要的是能够知道表的构造器。
所以我们会知道database表的样子了。这就是为什么我们的第一步是构建TableStructor及其组件的原因。
export enum ColumnType {
Number,
String,
Decimal,
Boolean
}
export class constraint{
columnName: string;
contraintTableName:string;
contraintColumnName:string;
constructor(columnName: string, contraintTableName:string, constrainColumnName: string){
this.columnName = columnName;
this.contraintTableName = contraintTableName;
this.contraintColumnName = constrainColumnName;
}
}
export class columnStructor {
columnType: ColumnType;
nullable?: boolean;
columnName: string;
isPrimary?: boolean;
autoIncrement?: boolean;
constructor(columnType: ColumnType, columnName: string,
isPrimary?: boolean, autoIncrement?: boolean, nullable?: boolean) {
this.columnType = columnType;
this.nullable = nullable;
this.columnName = columnName;
this.isPrimary = isPrimary;
this.autoIncrement = autoIncrement;
}
}
export default class tablaStructor {
tableName: string;
columns: columnStructor[];
constraints?:constraint[];
constructor(tableName: string, columns:columnStructor[], constraint?:constraint[]){
this.tableName = tableName;
this.columns = columns;
this.constraints = constraint;
}
}我们的下一步是构建一个其他类可以extend的基类。让我们称之为BaseModule。
// All your tables names should be added here.
export type TableNames = "Users" | "Items" | "System"
export default class BaseModule {
public id: number;
public tableName: TableNames;
constructor(tableName: TableNames, id?: number) {
this.id = id ?? 0;
this.tableName = tableName;
}
} 现在让我们创建我们的Users模块。它应该非常简单。
import BaseModule from './baseModule';
import TableStructor, { ColumnType } from './structor';
export default class user extends BaseModule {
public userName: string;
public passowrd: string;
public name: string;
public age?: number;
constructor(userName: string, passowrd: string,name: string,age?: number, id?: number) {
super('Users', id);
this.userName = userName;
this.passowrd = passowrd;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
// here, you should build your table structure.
static GetTableStructor() {
return new TableStructor(
"Users",
[
{ columnName: "id", columnType: ColumnType.Number,
nullable: false, isPrimary: true, autoIncrement: true },
{ columnName: "userName", columnType: ColumnType.String },
{ columnName: "passowrd", columnType: ColumnType.String },
{ columnName: "name", columnType: ColumnType.String },
{ columnName: "age", columnType: ColumnType.Number, nullable: true },
],
// if you need to add a constraint, then here is how you could do it as an example
//[
//{ contraintTableName: "Person", contraintColumnName: "id", columnName: "person_Id" }
//]
)
}
}我们的下一步是构建我们的存储库，我们将expo-sqlite用作我们的database。
我们需要这个存储库做的是以下内容：
- 设置数据库。
- 查找模块是否已更改并将这些更改应用于database， 例如，在从模块添加和删除新属性时。
- 保存一个项目并返回最后添加的项目。
- Where方法来搜索您的返回可用项目查询的database 。
- 删除项。
// note: that single, toType are global extension I use, to make things simpler
import * as SQLite from 'expo-sqlite';
export default class Repository {
static dbIni: Boolean;
databaseName: string;
database?: SQLite.WebSQLDatabase;
constructor() {
this.databaseName = 'mydb.db';
}
createConnection = (force?: boolean) => {
if (!this.database || force)
this.database = SQLite.openDatabase(this.databaseName);
return this.database;
};
// this is so we know which column the Table is in database container
allowedKeys = (tableName: string) => {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
this.createConnection().transaction(
(x) =>
x.executeSql(
`PRAGMA table_info(${tableName})`,
undefined,
(trans, data) => {
var keys = [] as string[];
for (var i = 0; i < data.rows.length; i++) {
if (data.rows.item(i).name != 'id')
keys.push(data.rows.item(i).name);
}
resolve(keys);
},
),
(error) => {
reject(error);
},
);
}) as Promise<string[]>;
};
private find = (query: string, args?: any[], tableName?: TableNames) => {
var tables = [Users.GetTableStructor()]
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
this.createConnection().transaction(
async (x) => {
console.log('Executing Find..');
x.executeSql(
query,
args,
async (trans, data) => {
var booleanColumns =
tables.find(x => x.tableName == tableName)?.columns.filter
(x => x.columnType == ColumnType.Boolean);
console.log('query executed:' + query);
const translateKeys = (item: any) => {
if (!item || !booleanColumns || booleanColumns.length <= 0)
return item;
booleanColumns.forEach(column => {
if (item[column.columnName] != undefined &&
item[column.columnName] != null) {
if (item[column.columnName] === 0 ||
item[column.columnName] === "0" || item[column.columnName] === false)
item[column.columnName] = false;
else item[column.columnName] = true;
}
})
return item;
}
var items = [] as BaseModule[];
for (var i = 0; i < data.rows.length; i++) {
var item = data.rows.item(i);
items.push(translateKeys(item));
}
resolve(items);
},
(_ts, error) => {
console.log('Could not execute query:' + query);
console.log(error);
reject(error);
return false;
},
);
},
(error) => {
console.log('Could not execute query:' + query);
console.log(error);
reject(error);
},
);
}) as Promise<basemodule[]>;
};
async where<t>(tableName: TableNames, query?: any | T) {
var q = `SELECT * FROM ${tableName} ${query ? 'WHERE ' : ''}`;
var values = [] as any[];
if (query && Object.keys(query).length > 0) {
Object.keys(query).forEach((x, i) => {
var start = x.startsWith('$') ?
x.substring(0, x.indexOf('-')).replace('-', '') : undefined;
if (!start) {
q += x + '=? ' + (i < Object.keys(query).length - 1 ? 'AND ' : '');
values.push(query[x]);
} else {
if (start == '$in') {
var v = query[x] as [];
q += x.replace("$in-", "") + ' IN (';
v.forEach((item, index) => {
q += '?' + (index < v.length - 1 ? ', ' : '');
values.push(item);
});
}
q += ') ' + (i < Object.keys(query).length - 1 ? 'AND ' : '');
}
});
}
return (
(await this.find(q, values, tableName))
.map((x) => {
x.tableName = tableName;
return x;
})
.toType<t>() ?? []
);
}
// get the last inserted or updated item.
async selectLastRecord<t>(item: BaseModule) {
console.log('Executing SelectLastRecord... ');
if (!item.tableName) {
console.log('Table name cant be empty for:');
console.log(item);
return;
}
return (
await this.find(!item.id || item.id <= 0 ? `SELECT * FROM ${item.tableName} _
ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1;` : `SELECT * FROM ${item.tableName} WHERE id=?;`,
item.id && item.id > 0 ? [item.id] : undefined, item.tableName)
).toType<t>().map((x: any) => { x.tableName = item.tableName; return x; }).single<t>();
}
delete = async (item: BaseModule, tableName?: TableNames) => {
tableName = item.tableName ?? tableName;
var q = `DELETE FROM ${tableName} WHERE id=?`;
await this.execute(q, [item.id]);
};
// this method will update and insert depending on Id and parameter insertOnly
public save<t>(item?: BaseModule, insertOnly?: Boolean, tableName?: TableNames) {
if (!item) return undefined;
if (!item.tableName || item.tableName.length <= 3)
item.tableName = tableName ?? "ApplicationSettings";
return new Promise(async (resolve, reject) => {
try {
console.log('Executing Save...');
var items = await this.where<basemodule>(item.tableName, { id: item.id });
var keys = (await this.allowedKeys(item.tableName)).filter((x) =>
Object.keys(item).includes(x));
let query = '';
let args = [] as any[];
if (items.length > 0) {
if (insertOnly) return;
query = `UPDATE ${item.tableName} SET `;
keys.forEach((k, i) => {
query += ` ${k}=? ` + (i < keys.length - 1 ? ',' : '');
});
query += ' WHERE id=?';
} else {
query = `INSERT INTO ${item.tableName} (`;
keys.forEach((k, i) => {
query += k + (i < keys.length - 1 ? ',' : '');
});
query += ') values(';
keys.forEach((k, i) => {
query += '?' + (i < keys.length - 1 ? ',' : '');
});
query += ')';
}
keys.forEach((k: string, i) => {
args.push((item as any)[k] ?? null);
});
if (items.length > 0) args.push(item.id);
await this.execute(query, args);
resolve(((await this.selectLastRecord<t>(item)) ?? item) as T);
} catch (error) {
console.log(error);
reject(error);
}
}) as Promise<t>;
}
// this is a simple execute SQL query.
private timeout?: any;
private execute = async (query: string, args?: any[]) => {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
this.createConnection().transaction(
(tx) => {
clearTimeout(this.timeout)
this.timeout = setTimeout(() => {
console.log("timed out")
reject("Query Timeout");
}, 2000);
console.log('Execute Query:' + query);
tx.executeSql(
query,
args,
(tx, results) => {
console.log('Statment has been executed....' + query);
clearTimeout(this.timeout)
resolve(true);
},
(_ts, error) => {
console.log('Could not execute query');
console.log(args);
console.log(error);
reject(error);
clearTimeout(this.timeout)
return false;
},
);
},
(error) => {
console.log('db executing statement, has been terminated');
console.log(args);
console.log(error);
reject(error);
clearTimeout(this.timeout)
throw 'db executing statement, has been terminated';
},
);
});
};
// validate of the gevin module differs from the database table
private validate = async (item: TablaStructor) => {
var appSettingsKeys = await this.allowedKeys(item.tableName);
return appSettingsKeys.filter(x => x != "id").length != item.columns.filter
(x => x.columnName != "id").length || item.columns.filter(x => x.columnName != "id" &&
!appSettingsKeys.find(a => a == x.columnName)).length > 0;
}
private cloneItem<t>(item: any, appended: any, ignoreKeys?: string[]) {
var newItem = {} as any;
if (appended === undefined)
return item;
Object.keys(item).forEach((x) => {
if (Object.keys(appended).find((f) => f == x) &&
appended[x] !== undefined && (!ignoreKeys || !ignoreKeys.includes(x)))
newItem[x] = appended[x];
else newItem[x] = item[x];
});
return (newItem as T);
}
setUpDataBase = async (forceCheck?: boolean) => {
if (!Repository.dbIni || forceCheck) {
const dbType = (columnType: ColumnType) => {
if (columnType == ColumnType.Boolean || columnType == ColumnType.Number)
return "INTEGER";
if (columnType == ColumnType.Decimal)
return "REAL";
return "TEXT";
}
console.log(`dbIni= ${Repository.dbIni}`);
console.log(`forceCheck= ${forceCheck}`);
console.log("initialize database table setup");
this.createConnection(true); // make sure to close all transaction.
var tables =[User.GetTableStructor()] // all your table in the right orders
await tables.asyncForeach(async (table) => {
var query = `CREATE TABLE if not exists ${table.tableName} (`;
table.columns.forEach((col, index) => {
query += `${col.columnName} ${dbType(col.columnType)} ${!col.nullable ?
"NOT NULL" : ""} ${col.isPrimary ? "UNIQUE" : ""},\n`
});
table.columns.filter(x => x.isPrimary === true).forEach((col, index) => {
query += `PRIMARY KEY(${col.columnName} ${col.autoIncrement === true ?
"AUTOINCREMENT" : ""})` + (index < table.columns.filter
(x => x.isPrimary === true).length - 1 ? ",\n" : "\n");
});
if (table.constraints && table.constraints.length > 0) {
query += ",";
table.constraints.forEach((col, index) => {
query += `CONSTRAINT "fk_${col.columnName}" FOREIGN KEY(${col.columnName})
REFERENCES ${col.contraintTableName}(${col.contraintColumnName})` +
(index < (table.constraints?.length ?? 0) - 1 ? ",\n" : "\n");
});
}
query += ");";
await this.execute(query);
})
}
}
// this is where you will find all your giving module changes
// and apply it to the database
newDataBaseStructure = async () => {
var items = [] as {tableName:TableNames, items:BaseModule[]}[];
if (await this.validate(User.GetTableStructor())) {
console.info("Structor changes has been found in User.");
var users = await this.where<user>("Users");
if (users.length) {
items.push({ tableName: "Users", items: users.map(x => this.cloneItem
(new User(x.userName, x.password, x.name, x.age), x, ["id", "tableName"])) });
}
await this.execute(`DROP TABLE if exists Users`);
}
// Insert the old data to the new table and apply your module change
if (items.length > 0) {
await this.setUpDataBase(true);
this.createConnection(true); // make sure to close all transaction.
await items.reverse().asyncForeach(async x => {
console.info(`Ìnserting items into ${x.tableName}`);
await x.items.asyncForeach(async item => {
var savedItem = await this.save(item, undefined, x.tableName);
})
});
this.createConnection(true); // make sure to close all transaction.
return true;
}
}
}嗯，就是这样！
现在我们应该能够使查询变得非常简单。
见下文：
var rep= new Repository();
// When your app starts, run this
await rep.setUpDataBase();
await rep.newDataBaseStructure();
// thereafter, run your command.
var users = await rep.where<User>("Users", {age: 20});
// Or
var users = await rep.where<User>("Users",
{"$in-age": [20,30, 25], userName: "testUser"});
users[0].age = 35;
var changedUser = await rep.save<User>(users[0]);兴趣点
这是构建ORM并完全控制数据库和查询的设置方式的一种非常简单的方法。
https://www.codeproject.com/Tips/5312038/Building-a-Simple-Typescript-ORM-around-sqlite
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