背景
- springCloud:Finchley.RELEASE
简介
Feign是SpringCloud体系中声明式Rest客户端,通过简单配置、创建接口和注解即可实现Restful服务的调用。而且开始支持SpringMvc了。
简单应用
- 依赖:org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-openfeign
- 入口加@EnableFeignClients注解
- 创建相应接口、加注解
就是这么简单
//入口类
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
//原型接口声明
@FeignClient("stores")
public interface StoreClient {
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, value = "/stores")
List<Store> getStores();
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST, value = "/stores/{storeId}", consumes = "application/json")
Store update(@PathVariable("storeId") Long storeId, Store store);
}
开启Feign断路器和上下文支持
- feign.hystrix.enabled=true
# To disable Hystrix in Feign
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: true
# To set thread isolation to SEMAPHORE
# 将断路器隔离级别由默认的线程隔离调整为信号灯
hystrix:
command:
default:
execution:
isolation:
strategy: SEMAPHORE
断路器回调
断路器支持回退,就是当断路器开启或接口出现错误时执行回调定义的方法,返回预先定义好的结果。 开启回调支持只需在@FeignClient注解中配置fallback参数为接口的回调实现类,并且回调实现类要被注解为Spring Bean(可以通过@Component,@Service等注解实现,详情见Spring4的注解文档)。
@FeignClient(name = "hello", fallback = HystrixClientFallback.class)
protected interface HystrixClient {
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, value = "/hello")
Hello iFailSometimes();
}
@Component
static class HystrixClientFallback implements HystrixClient {
@Override
public Hello iFailSometimes() {
return new Hello("fallback");
}
}
如果需要知道回退原因可以通过回退工厂来实现,代码实例如下:
@FeignClient(name = "hello", fallbackFactory = HystrixClientFallbackFactory.class)
protected interface HystrixClient {
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, value = "/hello")
Hello iFailSometimes();
}
@Component
static class HystrixClientFallbackFactory implements FallbackFactory<HystrixClient> {
@Override
public HystrixClient create(Throwable cause) {
return new HystrixClient() {
@Override
public Hello iFailSometimes() {
return new Hello("fallback; reason was: " + cause.getMessage());
}
};
}
}
Feign支持继承接口
Feign支持接口继承的方式,将操作通过接口来形成契约。
//生产者的控制层接口
public interface UserService {
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, value ="/users/{id}")
User getUser(@PathVariable("id") long id);
}
//生产者的控制器实现
@RestController
public class UserResource implements UserService {
}
//消费端的Feign接口定义
package project.user;
@FeignClient("users")
public interface UserClient extends UserService {
}
压缩支持
开启压缩可以有效节约网络资源,但是会增加CPU压力,建议把最小压缩的文档大小适度调大一点
//开启压缩
feign.compression.request.enabled=true
feign.compression.response.enabled=true
//配置压缩文档类型及最小压缩的文档大小
feign.compression.request.mime-types=text/xml,application/xml,application/json
feign.compression.request.min-request-size=2048
日志配置
- 消费服务的接口所在包,必须是debug
# 日志支持
logging.level.project.user.UserClient: DEBUG
- 定义自定义配置类,定义日志级别
@Configuration
public class FooConfiguration {
@Bean
Logger.Level feignLoggerLevel() {
return Logger.Level.FULL;
}
}
- 日志级别
- NONE, No logging (DEFAULT).
- BASIC, Log only the request method and URL and the response status code and execution time.
- HEADERS, Log the basic information along with request and response headers.
- FULL, Log the headers, body, and metadata for both requests and responses.